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161.
162.
北京潭柘寺地区第四纪冰川遗迹的宏观和微观特征 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
以北京西山潭柘寺地区第四纪冰川遗迹的宏观特征研究为基础,对管坨岭冰期和赵家台冰期的古冰川沉积进行了石英颗粒表面结构形貌组合特征的分析。结果表明,管坨岭冰期的管坨岭冰碛层和大富庄冰碛层,以及赵家台冰期的太平庄冰碛层中的石英颗粒表面结构,以冰川成因的形貌组合占优势,而赵家台冰期鲁家滩冰水沉积中的石英颗粒表面结构,则以冰川和流水共有成因的形貌占优势。所以,据冰川遗迹的宏观和微观特征,可以肯定该区分别在早更新世和中更新世曾发育过两次古冰川作用。 相似文献
163.
Oded Navon Anatoly Chekhmir Vladimir Lyakhovsky 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1998,160(3-4):763-776
We examine the physics of growth of water bubbles in highly viscous melts. During the initial stages, diffusive mass transfer of water into the bubble keeps the internal pressure in the bubbles close to the initial pressure at nucleation. Growth is controlled by melt viscosity and supersaturation pressure and radial growth under constant pressure is approximately exponential. At later stages, internal pressure falls, radial growth decelerates and follows the square-root of time. At this stage it is controlled by diffusion. The time of transition between the two stages is controlled by the decompression, melt viscosity and the Peclet number of the system. The model closely fit experimental data of bubble growth in viscous melts with low water content. Close fit is also obtained for new experiments at high supersaturation, high Peclet numbers, and high, variable viscosity. Near surface, degassed, silicic melts are viscous enough, so that viscosity-controlled growth may last for very long times. Using the model, we demonstrate that bubbles which nucleate shortly before fragmentation cannot grow fast enough to be important during fragmentation. We suggest that tiny bubbles observed in melt pockets between large bubbles in pumice represent a second nucleation event shortly before or after fragmentation. The presence of such bubbles is an indicator of the conditions at fragmentation. The water content of lavas extruded at lava domes is a key factor in their evolution. Melts of low water content (<0.2 wt%) are too viscid and bubbles nucleated in them will not grow to an appreciable size. Bubbles may grow in melts with 0.4 wt% water. The internal pressure in such bubbles may be preserved for days and the energy stored in the bubbles may be important during the disintegration of dome rocks and the formation of pyroclastic flows. 相似文献
164.
INTRODUCTIoNImagetextureanalysisisanimportantpartofresearchin-tocomputervision.Forobjectidentificationandunderstand-ing,textureanalysisisthebasisoftheresearchwork.Ingeneral,texturecanberegardedasakindofstructurethatconsistsofmanytextureelementsorpatternswhicharemoreorlesssimilar,i.e.,primitivesthatformtexturesandspatialdependenceorinteractionbetweentheprimitives.Ex-tensiveresearchhasbeendoneintextureanalysis,andrefer-ence(Haralick,l979)hasmadeathoroughsurvey.Amongthesetextureanalysismetho… 相似文献
165.
基于卫星遥感图象纹理特征的云类识别方法及软件设计 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍了基于卫星遥感资料,运用纹理学识别云类的原理、方法及软件设计。理论与实际分析表明,不同的云类对纹理敏感,纹理特征量是识别云类的良好因子,软件设计充分考虑了模块化,可视化与交互性。 相似文献
166.
论成矿系统 总被引:134,自引:14,他引:120
成矿系统是当今矿床学研究的一个重要课题,是矿床学向系统化、全球化方向发展的一种趋势。成矿系统是指在一定地质时空域中,控制矿床形成和保存的全部地质要素和成矿作用过程,以及所形成的矿床系列和异常系列构成的整体,它是具有成矿功能的一个自然系统。成矿系统是在一般矿床成因研究的基础上,着重从宏观上,从成矿的时间、空间、物质、运动的有机结合上,探讨区域尺度的成矿规律。其研究意义是深入认识成矿动力学机制,指导矿产勘查,并有利于将成矿学信息应用到地学其它学科中去。文中还论述了成矿系统与成矿系列、成矿区带的联系和区别,对成矿系统的基本要素、作用过程、作用产物和成矿后变化及保存4个问题作了说明。提出以成矿的构造动力体制作为划分成矿系统大类的依据及以成矿机理作为划分成矿系统类型的主要标志。最后以古大陆边缘构造成矿系统为例,说明构造动力型式、构造组合与成矿系统之间的内在联系 相似文献
167.
This paper presents two models of texture of carbon materials possessing porosity. For both models, RMAX, RINT and RMIN values of reflectance have been calculated by modified Ting's 3A method [Ting, F.T.C., 1978. Petrographic techniques in coal analysis. In: C. Karr (Ed.), Analytical Methods for Coal and Coal Products, Vol. 1. Academic Press, New York, 1978, pp. 3–25]. It has been found that the reflectance indicating surface (RIS) for the studied models of texture changes from a biaxial negative up to a biaxial positive one (the type A texture) depending on the shape and size of pores. In particular case, for the type B texture and the isometry of pores, a uniaxial negative RIS is merely obtained. 相似文献
168.
A wind tunnel investigation of particle segregation,ripple formation and armouring within sand beds of systematically varied texture 下载免费PDF全文
This paper reports on a wind tunnel investigation of particle segregation, ripple formation and surface armouring within sand beds of systematically varied particle size distribution, from coarsely skewed to bimodal. By design, the system was closed with no external inputs of mass from an external particle feed. Particles too coarse to travel in saltation for the given range in wind speed were dyed red in order to distinguish them in optical images from finer sand particles, which could be entrained into the unidirectional airflow. A 3D laser scanner measured the changing bed topography at regular time intervals during 18 experiments involving varied combinations of wind speed and bed texture. Image classification techniques were used to investigate the coincident self‐organization of the two populations of particles, as distinguished by their colour. As soon as saltation commenced, some of the red particles segregated into thin discontinuous patches. Particle trapping and sheltering on these rough patches was strongly favoured, causing them to grow preferentially. During the earliest stages of formation, bedform growth coincided with: (i) rapid coarsening of the surface texture; and (ii) the merging of proto‐ripple ‘crests’ to generate larger rhythmic bedforms of lower frequency. Consistent with previous work, ripple size was observed to increase under stronger winds when not exceeding the threshold for entrainment of the coarse‐mode or red particles from the crest. With declining rates of mass transport and particle segregation as the bed surface armoured, and the consequent deceleration of ripple propagation through to the end of each experiment, all surfaces eventually attained a steady‐state morphometry. At saturation, the largest ripples developed on beds having the lowest initial concentration of red particles. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
169.
170.
The grid DEM(digital elevation model) generation can be from any of a number of sources:for instance,analogue to digital conversion of contour maps followed by application of the TIN model,or direct elevation point modelling via digital photogrammetry applied to airborne images or satellite images.Currently,apart from the deployment of point-clouds from LiDAR data acquisition,the generally favoured approach refers to applications of digital photogrammetry.One of the most important steps in such deployment i... 相似文献