万家寨引黄工程泥灰岩段隧洞岩石掘进机(TBM)卡机事故工程地质分析和事故处理   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

尚彦军  王思敬  薛继洪  曲永新 《工程地质学报》2002,10(3):293-298

隧道全断面岩石掘进机 (TBM )的施工对地质条件适应性是一个不断认识和深化的过程 ,其中很多认识是来自已发生的各种各样事故和对事故原因的理性认识。本文是在对某隧洞TBM卡机地段的岩性 (包括工程性质 )、构造、地应力及其在TBM施工条件下的变化等方面进行工程地质力学研究的基础上 ,指出层间剪切带的存在及由此而产生的较大变形速率是导致事故发生的工程地质原因 ,并提出了相应的处理意见和建议。TBM卡机问题的顺利解决和它重新开始快速掘进证明了作者分析和工程处理措施的合理性。本文的分析有助于加深TBM施工对复杂地质条件适应性的认识 ,并可望为避免类似事故的再次发生提供参考和借鉴。  相似文献   

Pseudotachylytes in the southern border fault of the Cenozoic intracontinental Teletsk basin (Altai, Russia)     

Karel Theunissen  Larisa Smirnova  Boris Dehandschutter   《Tectonophysics》2002,351(1-2)

The Cenozoic intracontinental Teletsk basin in the Central Asian Altai Mountains is composed of a complexly structured northern and a more simple southern sub-basin. These sub-basins formed in two distinct kinematic stages when first the NNW-striking Teletsk- and then the NE-striking West-Sayan shear zones became reactivated in the Cenozoic under dominant NS-oriented horizontal compression. Although the entire Teletsk basin strikes roughly NS, the southern sub-basin is parallel to the NNW-trending, amphibolite facies Teletsk ductile shear zone, while the northern sub-basin is NS-striking and flanked by differently structured, greenschist facies basement. Basement reactivation closely controlled the southern sub-basin formation, but this is less clear for the northern sub-basin. Contrasts between northern and southern basement and the exclusive occurrence of pseudotachylytes along the margins of the southern basin are explored for their contribution to the formation of the Teletsk basin with two distinct sub-basins.In the ductile shear fabric of the basement flanking the southern sub-basin, concordantly interleaved pseudotachylytes and isolated breccia lenses reflect local brittle deformation along the ductile fabric. The genetic link between breccia lenses and pseudotachylyte occurrences was defined by microstructural investigation. It allows to explore their possible development in a dextral strike–slip zone. These rocks occur in a large fault-bounded segment of the basement. The geometry of the structures in the segment is comparable with a dextral strike–slip sidewall-ripout structure along the Teletsk shear zone. Seismic slip related to pseudotachylytes is attributed to the sudden stress release on the NNW-striking Teletsk shear zone, when the latter became unconstrained by reactivation of the NE-trending West-Sayan fault zone at its northern boundary. The boundary of the sidewall-ripout structure was reactivated as a large listric fault in a later stage. The northern sub-basins roughly develop along an NS strike and are assumed to reflect reactivation of the ductile shear zone underneath the variably structured greenschist facies basement outcropping along the flanks of the sub-basin.  相似文献   

Sm-Nd ISOTOPIC AGE OF LAMPROPHYRES IN THE GEZHEN GOLD-BEARING SHEAR ZONE ON HAINAN ISLAND AND ITS GEOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS     

XU De-ru LIANG Xin-quan CHEN Guang-hao HUANG Zhi-long 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2002,(2):76-81

Sm-Nd isotopic compositions of eight lamprophyre samples, which come from the Gezhen gold-bearing shear zone on western Hainan Island, are measured. The Sm-Nd isochron age is 495.98±13.14 Ma, (143Nd/144Nd) 0=0.512094, εNd(t) ranges from +1.80 to +2.00 and TDM from 982 Ma to 1196 Ma (average: 1060 Ma). The authors point out that the whole-rock Sm-Nd isochron age (495.98 ± 13.14 Ma) really represents the petrogenetic age of lamprophyre and the time of magmatism during subsequent subduction.  相似文献   

STRESS-METAMORPHISM AND ISOTOPIC AGE OF SHEAR ZONE GRANITOID TECTONITES OF IRTYSH SHEAR ZONE (ALTAI REGION)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B.M.Chikov  V.A.Ponomachuk  S.V.Zinoviev  B.N.Lapin  A.T.Titov  A.V.Travin  S.V.Palessky 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2002,26(1):36-51

The Irtysh shear zone (ISZ) of Altai region is the lineament structure of the collision-suture type, where granites of Kalba complex and granodiorites of Zmeinogorsk complex are exposed to regional gneiss-formation and stress-metamorphic alterations. This study is based on detailed structural observations at special grounds using optical and electron microscopy, and on the behavior analysis of isotopic systems from altered granitoids.Within the ISZ area we have established the continuous rows of granitoid stress-metamorphism from initial recrystallization of protolite, its cataclasis and mechanical flaring up to complete recrystallization with alteration of mineral composition and formation of the streaky complexes of granite tectonites of blastomylonite and blastocataclasite types. The directed alteration of rocks has several impulse and is expressed by a change in morphology of mineral grains and their relations, magnification of deformation component in the rock structure, and formation of new mineral phases on the basis of initial ones without surface fluidization. At transformation of isotopic systems from granitoid, their feldspars,biotite and hornblende, we can observe “rejuvenation“ of the rock substrate from 270- 290 Ma for Kalba granitoids to 220-235 Ma for their tectonites, and for Rudny Altai granodiorites, their ages changes from 285-317 Ma to 232-257 Ma for their tectonites.  相似文献   

A comparison of tectonic ambient shear stress value in China with that in western USA     

陈培善  白彤霞  李保昆 《地震学报(英文版)》2002,15(5):503-509

Introduction The stress status of the earths crust is closely related to global structure, the direction of plate movement, the drive mechanism of plate, earthquake cause, etc. Therefore the researches of the stress status of the earths crust and the process of dynamic evolution are paid a great attention to by many people around the world (Zoback, Zoback, 1980; Zoback, et al, 1989; Zoback, 1989; Spence, 1997; Fuchs, 1997; Plenefish, Bonjer, 1997; Muller, et al, 1997; XU, et al, 1989; WAN…  相似文献   

How to obtain alert velocity thresholds for large rockslides   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G.B Crosta  F Agliardi 《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2002,27(36):1557-1565

A reliable forecast of the failure stage of large rockslides is difficult, because of non-linear time dependency of displacements and seasonal effects. Aim of this paper is to suggest a practical method to prepare alert thresholds for large rockslides, assessing critical values of velocity for carrying out civil protection actions using monitoring data. Adopted data concern the 20 Mm³ Ruinon rockslide (Valfurva, Central Alps, Italy), still evolving and suitable to originate a fast moving rock avalanche. Multitemporal analysis of aerial photos, LIDAR-ALTM laser topography, field survey and geomechanical analyses allowed to infer the rockslide kinematics and better understand data provided by a monitoring network including distometers, extensometers, GPS benchmarks and inclinometers. The analysis of displacement and rainfall data over five years (1997–2001) allowed to recognise three different evolutionary patterns of displacements, showing a continuously increasing rate since 1997. Data representing large-scale behaviour of the rock mass were fitted by power-law curves, according to the “accelerating creep” model by Voight, in order to evaluate a suitable failure time. This was hampered by the large seasonal deviations, which can significantly delay the occurrence of failure. Data were fitted using the Voight’s equation, expressed in terms of displacement, through non-linear estimation techniques, in order to find values of the controlling parameters (A, α and t_f) suitable to represent the mechanical behaviour of the rock mass approaching the failure. This allowed to compute velocity–time theoretical curves and to define different velocity threshold values (pre-alert, alert and emergency) to be used for emergency management.  相似文献   

中国与美国西部平均构造剪应力值的比较          下载免费PDF全文

陈培善  白彤霞  李保昆 《地震学报》2002,24(5):479-486

提出了一种估计一个地区平均构造剪应力值的方法．用这种方法，选取哈佛大学公布的1977～1999年共15 993次地震的矩张量数据，估计了美国西部19个地区、中国和邻区43个地区(每个地区为1010范围)的平均环境剪应力值．结果表明，美国西部南加州西部海域和南加州应力最高，达13.7和12.0 MPa，然后向北、向南和向东逐渐递减，但最小也达8.7 MPa，是最高值的63%．中国新疆西北部地区和西藏察隅地区应力水平最高，达17.2和12.9 MPa，比美国高．中国的华北、云南、四川、台湾和美国南加州的应力水平差不多．中国南北地震带的应力水平为13 MPa左右，比南加州略高．两个重要地区的平均剪应力值分布图，提供了地学的基本数据．这些结果可为研究地震活动的大背景提供依据，对研究强地面运动参数(如峰值加速度及反应谱等)的衰减关系也是有用的．   相似文献   

薄钢板剪力墙抗震性能试验研究   总被引：15，自引：6，他引：15  

苏幼坡  刘英利  王绍杰 《地震工程与工程振动》2002,22(4):81-84

通过4个薄钢板剪力墙和1个钢筋混凝土框架的试验，研究了薄钢板剪力墙在低周往复荷载作用下的刚度、承载力、延性和耗能性能。试验表明，利用薄钢板剪力墙在低周往复荷载作用下的刚度、承载力、延性和耗能性能。试验表明，利用薄钢板剪力墙作为抗侧力构件是可行的。在钢筋混凝土框架中设置薄钢板可有效地增加刚度，承载力和耗能性能。  相似文献   

南京地区新近沉积土的动剪切模量和阻尼比的初步研究   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

刘雪珠  陈国兴  胡庆兴 《地震工程与工程振动》2002,22(5):127-131

本文通过对南京地区两个工程场地漫滩相成因的砂土和淤泥质粉粘土与粉砂互层土的自振动柱试验结果进行分析，探讨了围压对剪切模量G及阻力比λ的影响，通过与Seed和Idriss建议的砂土G/Gmax-γ和λ-γ曲线变化范围的对比，认为不能简单地把淤泥质粉质粘土与粉砂层土当作砂土或粉质粘土对待。  相似文献   

Nonlinear earthquake response analysis and energy calculation for seismic slit shear wall structures     

蒋欢军  吕西林 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2002,1(2):227-237

Based on the concept of structural passive control, a new type of slit shear wall, with improved seismic performance when compared to an ordinary solid shear wall, was proposed by the authors in 1996. The idea has been verified by a series of pseudo-static and dynamic tests. In this paper a macro numerical model is developed for the wall element and the energy dissipation device. Then, nonlinear time history analysis is carried out for a 10-story slit shear wall model tested on a shaking table. Furthermore, the seismic input energy and the individual energy dissipated by the components are calculated by a method based on Newmark-β assumptions for this shear wall model, and the advantages of this shear wall are further demonstrated by the calculation results from the viewpoint of energy. Finally, according to the seismic damage criterion on the basis of plastic accumulative energy and maximum response, the optimal analysis is carried out to select design parameters for the energy dissipation device.  相似文献