羌塘北缘开心岭—乌丽冻土区水溶烃组分及甲烷碳、氢同位素特征研究     

王进寿  卢振权  王富春  陈静  薛万文  张志清 《现代地质》2019,33(6):1306-1313

羌塘北缘开心岭—乌丽冻土区沿隐伏断层发育多处冷泉含水溶解烷烃,采用水溶烃组分和甲烷的稳定碳、氢同位素特征对其成因开展了分析研究。结果表明,开心岭—乌丽冻土区水溶烃组分中甲烷含量比例高达99.83%~99.96%,同时伴随有少量乙烷、丙烷,另含微量的乙烯和丙烯。开心岭一带水溶烃甲烷δ¹³C_PDB值介于-46.5‰~-55.1‰,δD_VSMOW值为-281.0‰~-342.0‰;乌丽一带水溶烃甲烷δ¹³C_PDB值介于-47.8‰~-58.9‰,δD_VSMOW值为-339.0‰~-346.0‰,指示水溶烃甲烷为有机成因,但气源较复杂,利用δ¹³C_CH4-δD_CH4、δ¹³C₁-C₁/(C₂+C₃)等成因图解判别,得出甲烷主要属微生物气,次之为热解成因气,混有少量原油伴生气。推断甲烷主要为有机质在微生物作用下分解的烃类气体或次生生物气,与晚二叠世那益雄组含煤烃源岩有关,气源条件暗示该地区冻土带200~500 m深度内有利于微生物成因气为主的甲烷天然气水合物形成。  相似文献   

Overcoming Challenges Associated with the Analysis of Nacre by Atom Probe Tomography     

Katja Eder  Laura M. Otter  Limei Yang  Dorrit E. Jacob  Julie M. Cairney 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(3):385-395

In this study atom probe tomography was used to study nacre, an important biocomposite material that is challenging to prepare and analyse by atom probe and, when successful, yields data that is challenging to interpret. It was found that these challenges mainly arise from the insulating and heterogeneous nano‐scale properties of nacre. We outline our current best practice for preparing and running atom probe tips, such as using a low acceleration voltage (< 3 kV) and current (≤ 50 pA) to avoid damage to the microstructure, and using transmission electron microscopy to confirm that the region of interest is located close to the apex of the atom probe tip. Optimisation of the preparation parameters led to several successful atom probe experiments, with one of the data sets containing part of an organic membrane and others showing organic inclusions within the reconstruction.  相似文献   

New Olivine Reference Material for In Situ Microanalysis     

Valentina G. Batanova  Jay M. Thompson  Leonid V. Danyushevsky  Maxim V. Portnyagin  Dieter Garbe‐Schnberg  Erik Hauri  Jun‐Ichi Kimura  Qing Chang  Ryoko Senda  Karsten Goemann  Catherine Chauvel  Sylvain Campillo  Dmitri A. Ionov  Alexander V. Sobolev 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(3):453-473

A new olivine reference material – MongOL Sh11‐2 – for in situ analysis has been prepared from the central portion of a large (20 × 20 × 10 cm) mantle peridotite xenolith from a ~ 0.5 My old basaltic breccia at Shavaryn‐Tsaram, Tariat region, central Mongolia. The xenolith is a fertile mantle lherzolite with minimal signs of alteration. Approximately 10 g of 0.5–2 mm gem quality olivine fragments were separated under binocular microscope and analysed by EPMA, LA‐ICP‐MS, SIMS and bulk analytical methods (ID‐ICP‐MS for Mg and Fe, XRF, ICP‐MS) for major, minor and trace elements at six institutions world‐wide. The results show that the olivine fragments are sufficiently homogeneous with respect to major (Mg, Fe, Si), minor and trace elements. Significant inhomogeneity was revealed only for phosphorus (homogeneity index of 12.4), whereas Li, Na, Al, Sc, Ti and Cr show minor inhomogeneity (homogeneity index of 1–2). The presence of some mineral and fluid‐melt micro‐inclusions may be responsible for the inconsistency in mass fractions obtained by in situ and bulk analytical methods for Al, Cu, Sr, Zr, Ga, Dy and Ho. Here we report reference and information values for twenty‐seven major, minor and trace elements.  相似文献   

H2O Content Measurement in Phengite by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry: A New Set of Reference Materials     

Cindy Luisier  Lukas Baumgartner  Guillaume Siron  Torsten Vennemann  Martin Robyr 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(4):635-646

Five new natural white mica reference materials (RMs) were developed for in situ H₂O content analyses by secondary ion mass spectrometry at the SwissSIMS laboratory of Lausanne University, Switzerland. The white mica reference materials cover a large part of the natural muscovite–phengite compositional range and are therefore suitable as reference materials for the analysis of natural rocks as well as individual minerals. The independent H₂O content of the reference materials UNIL_WM1 to UNIL_WM5 was obtained by thermal conversion elemental analyser and corresponds to 4.35 ± 0.02, 4.33 ± 0.03, 4.30 ± 0.07, 4.50 ± 0.02 and 4.42 ± 0.11 (% m/m, ± 1s), respectively. SIMS determinations of H₂O content revealed a matrix effect correlated to the FeO content of white mica. The compositional range in FeO of the reference materials that were calibrated for H₂O determination is from 1.13% to 3.67% m/m. No crystallographic orientation dependency was observed at the level of homogeneity of these reference materials. An analytical precision of 0.02% to 0.08% m/m (1SE) is expected for the final uncertainty on measurements of unknown white micas in natural samples.  相似文献   

咸淡水界面位置确定的综合方法(TEcG)及其应用     

束龙仓  王明昭  张惠潼  张含明  张乃鹏  孙影  孙超  袁鹏杰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(6):1706-1713

准确确定咸淡水界面位置是评价咸水入侵范围的前提。对于咸淡水界面位置的确定,传统研究以水化学法和物探法为主。为克服单一使用传统方法造成的人力、物力和财力的大量浪费,以莱州湾西南岸广饶县小清河以南咸水入侵区为研究对象,在综合分析研究区地下水开采现状、水化学监测结果的基础上,选择3个典型断面,采用水化学法中的野外现场电导率法,快速判断咸淡水界面大致位置（某两眼监测井之间）;再在一咸一淡的两眼监测井之间,采用高密度电阻率法快速、准确地确定咸淡水界面的空间分布。结果表明：该地区的地下水电导率若大于1.61 mS/cm,即可认为此处受到咸水入侵;咸淡水界面位置的视电阻率特征值为11~13 Ω·m,咸淡水界面附近咸水体呈舌状入侵并主要发生在地表以下13 m内的浅层地下水中。  相似文献   

利用粉煤灰处理含铜废水的实验研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

杨志华  王焰新 《地质科技情报》2004,23(3):89-92,96

研究了粉煤灰去除废水中铜离子的速率、粉煤灰投加量对粉煤灰去除废水中铜离子的影响和粉煤灰对质量浓度不同的含铜离子废水的去除效果,进一步探讨了粉煤灰去除铜离子的机理,实验结果显示粉煤灰在去除废水中铜离子的过程中反应3 h后就达到了平衡,粉煤灰对Cu2 的去除率随粉煤灰投加量的增加而增加,但是就充分利用吸附剂粉煤灰的角度而言,并非其投加量越多去除量越大,粉煤灰吸附废水中的铜离子更符合Langmuir模型,而不是Freundlich模型;粉煤灰去除废水中的Cu2 主要是静电吸附、阳离子交换吸附和表面络合吸附作用,但是,当用碱性粉煤灰处理质量浓度较低的含Cu2 废水时,生成Cu(OH)2的沉淀作用可能占主要的地位.  相似文献   

基于钙均衡估算黄龙钙华沉积速率的探讨   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

胥良  姜泽凡 《中国岩溶》2007,26(2):132-136

从黄龙钙华的成因研究出发,结合地质历史分析及长观资料对核心景区景观水系统的相对稳定性作出了评价。通过对景观水中钙离子及其它组分含量在时间及空间上变化特征的分析研究,揭示了钙离子含量在时间上的相对稳定以及在空间上自上游而下逐渐降低的规律,这为采用钙均衡模式来研究钙华堆积区内的年沉积量提供了重要保证。在此基础上,进一步通过同位素测年、物探、测绘等综合手段对钙华堆积区内的历史与现代的平均沉积速率进行系统研究,并与前人的研究成果对比,验证了钙均衡模型的可行性和可靠性。计算结果表明,黄龙核心景区钙华的平均沉积速率为1～ 4. 86mm /a。   相似文献   

碳酸盐岩中不同赋存状态有机质地球化学特征对比及对成烃的贡献   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王兆云  程克明 《沉积学报》2000,18(4):600-605

碳酸盐沉积物特殊的成岩机理和过程决定了有机质的复杂赋存状态,在碳酸盐岩中,除分散有机质外,还存在包裹体有机质。在包裹体有机质的提取过程中,当用6%(质量分数)的盐酸酸解碳酸盐矿物时,又将包裹体中的一部分有机质分离出(部分呈悬浮状态),本文定义为酸溶有机质I。对这三部分可溶有机质的含量、红外光谱、GC、GC-MS等分析表明它们的特征是不同的,并且分散有机质和包裹有机质在不同演化阶段对成烃的贡献不同。这为评价碳酸盐岩生烃潜力以及研究碳酸盐岩生烃机制和过程奠定了基础。  相似文献   

云南元谋超基性岩群地质特征及综合开发探讨     

薛步高 《化工矿产地质》2000,22(2):75-80

云南元谋超基性岩群中 ,朱布及黑泥坡以辉石橄榄岩为主 ,黑泥坡岩群中还有部分纯橄榄岩 ;白泥湾白铜厂为含镍蛇纹菱镁片岩。朱布、黑泥坡开发镁橄榄石砂、镁橄榄石砖与白铜厂开发水溶性农肥并副产菱镁矿均具良好的开发前景。  相似文献   

我国河水主要离子组成与区域自然条件的关系   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16  

张利田  陈静生 《地理科学》2000,20(3):236-240

对我国四大水系－长江、黄河、松花江和珠江５０年代末至８０年代中期河水中主要离子含量流域降水量、区域地质岩性等自然条件进行了统计研究。研究表明：区域地质岩性对河水离子含量和组成有显著影响;河水离子总量与相应区域的降水存在显著负相关关系。  相似文献