地质热年代学及其应用     

李小明  谭凯旋 《地球学报》2005,26(Z1):248-251

本文简单介绍地质热年代学的含义、应用和进展，并重点介绍了裂变径迹与40Ar/39Ar热年代学  相似文献   

Postmagmatic cooling and late Cenozoic denudation of the North Patagonian Batholith in the Los Lagos region of Chile, 41°−42°15′S     

A. C. Adriasola  S. N. Thomson  M. R. Brix  F. Hervé  B. Stöckhert 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2006,95(3):504-528

Zircon and apatite fission track (FT) thermochronology was applied to investigate the history of cooling and denudation of the Southern Andes between 41° and 42°15′S in relation to the late Cenozoic activity of the Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone (LOFZ) and the northward migration of the Chile Triple Junction (CTJ). Fifty-six zircon and 51 apatite FT ages, plus 37 apatite confined track-length distributions were obtained mainly from plutonic rocks of the North Patagonian Batholith (NPB) in the main Andean Cordillera. Apatite FT ages and track lengths indicate a stage of rapid cooling at ∼5--3 Ma along both sides of the LOFZ, whereas older Miocene ages with monotonous cooling histories were obtained further away from the fault. Zircon FT ages range from Cretaceous to Pliocene, with marked differences observed along and across the LOFZ. Three different types of temperature-time histories characterise the post-magmatic cooling of the NPB in the region: deep intrusions with moderate and steady cooling rates, intrusions in the upper crust with very slow cooling rates following a stage of initial rapid cooling, and rapidly cooled and exhumed shallow intrusions, the latter with younger ages towards the fault zone. The most prominent denudation episode along the LOFZ is late Miocene to Pliocene, coeval with plate tectonic reconstructions for the arrival and subduction of the Chile Rise beneath the Taitao Peninsula.  相似文献   

Tectono-thermal evolution of the India-Asia collision zone based on<Superscript>40</Superscript>Ar-<Superscript>39</Superscript>Ar thermochronology in Ladakh,India     

Rajneesh Bhutani  Kanchan Pande  T. R. Venkatesan 《Journal of Earth System Science》2004,113(4):737-754

New⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar thermochronological results from the Ladakh region in the India-Asia collision zone provide a tectono-thermal evolutionary scenario. The characteristic granodiorite of the Ladakh batholith near Leh yielded a plateau age of 46.3 ± 0.6 Ma (2σ). Biotite from the same rock yielded a plateau age of 44.6 ± 0.3 Ma (2σ). The youngest phase of the Ladakh batholith, the leucogranite near Himya, yielded a cooling pattern with a plateau-like age of ∼ 36 Ma. The plateau age of muscovite from the same rock is 29.8 ±0.2 Ma (2σ). These ages indicate post-collision tectono-thermal activity, which may have been responsible for partial melting within the Ladakh batholith. Two basalt samples from Sumdo Nala have also recorded the post-collision tectono-thermal event, which lasted at least for 8 MY in the suture zone since the collision, whereas in the western part of the Indus Suture, pillow lava of Chiktan showed no effect of this event and yielded an age of emplacement of 128.2 ±2.6 Ma (2σ). The available data indicate that post-collision deformation led to the crustal thickening causing an increase in temperature, which may have caused partial melting at the base of the thickened crust. The high thermal regime propagated away from the suture with time.  相似文献   

Thermal history of Canadian Williston basin from apatite fission-track thermochronology—implications for petroleum systems and geodynamic history     

K. G. Osadetz  B. P. Kohn  S. Feinstein  P. B. O'Sullivan   《Tectonophysics》2002,349(1-4)

Apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology has been applied to a composite depth profile of Precambrian basement rocks underlying the Phanerozoic Canadian Williston Basin. Thermal histories derived from the AFT data record cycles of heating and cooling which follow the pattern of regional burial history, but which also indicate major temporal and geographic variations in the timing and degree of maximum Phanerozoic temperatures. These variations in the thermal history were not previously recognised from organic maturity indicators and subsidence models. Specifically, our study suggests a late Paleozoic heat flow anomaly with a geographic extent closer to that of Middle Devonian–Carboniferous Kaskaskia subsidence patterns than to that of the Williston Basin proper. This thermal anomaly has both economic and geodynamic significance. The recognition that potential Upper Cambrian–Lower Ordovician petroleum source rocks became fully mature during the late Paleozoic distinguishes that petroleum system from others that entered the main hydrocarbon generation stage in latest Cretaceous and Paleogene time. The late Paleozoic heat flow anomaly suggested from the AFT data implies a geodynamic coupling between inelastic Kaskaskia subsidence and previously inferred late Paleozoic lithospheric weakening. While the temporally varying heat flow model is preferred, the lack of independent constraints on the maximum thickness of upper Paleozoic strata precludes the outright rejection of the previous constant heat flow model. The AFT data provide important new constraints on the evolution of the epicratonic Williston Basin and its geodynamic models.  相似文献   

Time-scales of assembly and thermal history of a composite felsic pluton: constraints from the Emerald Lake area, northern Canadian Cordillera, Yukon   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ian M. Coulson  Mike E. Villeneuve  Gregory M. Dipple  Robert A. Duncan  James K. Russell  James K. Mortensen 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2002,114(3-4)

Knowledge of the time-scales of emplacement and thermal history during assembly of composite felsic plutons in the shallow crust are critical to deciphering the processes of crustal growth and magma chamber development. Detailed petrological and chemical study of the mid-Cretaceous, composite Emerald Lake pluton, from the northern Canadian Cordillera, Yukon Territory, coupled with U–Pb and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronology, indicates that this pluton was intruded as a series of magmatic pulses. Intrusion of these pulses produced a strong petrological zonation from augite syenite, hornblende quartz syenite and monzonite, to biotite granite. Our data further indicate that multiple phases were emplaced and cooled to below the mineral closure temperatures over a time-scale on the order of the resolution of the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar technique (1 Myr), and that emplacement occurred at 94.3 Ma. Simple thermal modelling and heat conduction calculations were used to further constrain the temporal relationships within the intrusion. These calculations are consistent with the geochronology and show that emplacement and cooling were complete in less than 100 kyr and probably 70±5 kyr. These results demonstrate that production, transport and emplacement of the different phases of the Emerald Lake pluton occurred essentially simultaneously, and that these processes must also have been closely related in time and space. By analogy, these results provide insights into the assembly and petrogenesis of other complex intrusions and ultimately lead to an understanding of the processes involved in crustal development.  相似文献   

利用磷灰石裂变径迹研究鄂尔多斯盆地西缘热历史   总被引：28，自引：2，他引：26  

高峰  王岳军  刘顺生  胡宝清 《大地构造与成矿学》2000,24(1):87-91

磷灰石裂变径迹在地质时期对60～150℃范围内温度变化的热敏感性 ,不仅使其成为研究盆地构造热演化史和区域构造运动的重要手段 ,而且对指导油气勘探有很大的实践意义。本文根据AFTA① 的有关原理 ,退火特性 ,对鄂尔多斯盆地西缘奥陶、二叠、三叠、侏罗、白垩、第三纪等不同时代地层样品开展了较为系统的AFT测试 ,获得了一批可靠的AFTA数据 ,论述了鄂尔多斯盆地西缘的主要构造热事件的次数 ,及该区中生代以来的构造热演化史。研究表明 :自中生代以来 ,该盆地西缘至少经历了四次构造热事件(峰值年龄分别为170Ma±、130Ma±、和75Ma±和17Ma±)。  相似文献   

拉斯曼丘陵新生代剥露作用的裂变径迹证据     

陈宣华  马宗晋  蒋荣宝  万景林  徐刚  姜梅  陈丹红 《地学前缘》2007,14(6):175-188

在西南极和横贯南极山脉地区,新生代裂谷和剥露作用非常普遍。但是,文献中很少记录东南极地区的新生代剥露作用。文中根据东南极普里兹湾拉斯曼丘陵地质样品的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄和热历史的模拟,认为在东南极海岸边缘存在新生代的隆升和伸展作用,其年龄为始于(49.8±12)Ma。该年龄略晚于西南极裂谷系的启动年龄(约60~50Ma)。由于差异隆升作用,在拉斯曼丘陵地区发育了更新的正断层作用--拉斯曼丘陵拆离断层的新活动,其年龄为约5.4Ma。东南极周缘新生代裂谷和伸展作用的普遍存在,是冈瓦纳裂解以来大陆分离和印度洋形成的结果。  相似文献   

氦素定年技术、氦热年代学及其在地质中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨美伶  陈宣华 《地质力学学报》2005,11(2):164-171

本文介绍了氦同位素定年技术和氦热年代学,说明了该方法的理论基础和技术要求,以及其在较小幅度剥露作用研究、古地貌研究和年轻地质体定年等方面的应用情况和前景.   相似文献   

Thermal and mechanical behaviour of the orogenic middle crust during the syn‐ to late‐orogenic evolution of the Variscan root zone,Bohemian Massif     

B. Petri  P. Štípská  E. Skrzypek  K. Schulmann  M. Corsini  J. Franěk 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2014,32(6):599-626

We combine structural observations, petrological data and ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar ages for a stack of amphibolite facies metasedimentary units that rims high‐P (HP) granulite facies felsic bodies exposed in the southern Bohemian Massif. The partly migmatitic Varied and Monotonous units, and the underlying Kaplice unit, show a continuity of structures that are also observed in the adjacent Blanský les HP granulite body. They all exhibit an earlier NE?SW striking and steeply NW‐dipping foliation (S3), which is transposed into a moderately NW‐dipping foliation (S4). In both the Varied and Monotonous units, the S3 and S4 foliations are characterized by a Sil–Bt–Pl–Kfs–Qtz–Ilm±Grt assemblage, with occurrences of post‐D4 andalusite, cordierite and muscovite. In the Monotonous unit, minute inclusions of garnet, kyanite, sillimanite and biotite are additionally found in plagioclase from a probable leucosome parallel to S3. The Kaplice unit shows rare staurolite and kyanite relicts, a Sil–Ms–Bt–Pl–Qtz±Grt assemblage associated with S3, retrogressed garnet?staurolite aggregates during the development of S4, and post‐D4 andalusite, cordierite and secondary muscovite. Mineral equilibria modelling for representative samples indicates that the Varied unit records conditions higher than ~7 kbar at 725 °C during the transition from S3 to S4, followed by a P?T decrease from ~5.5 kbar/750 °C to ~4.5 kbar/700 °C. The Monotonous unit shows evidence of partial melting in the S3 fabric at P?T above ~8 kbar at 740–830 °C and a subsequent P?T decrease to 4.5–5 kbar/700 °C. The Kaplice unit preserves an initial medium‐P prograde path associated with the development of S3 reaching peak P?T of ~6.5 kbar/640 °C. The subsequent retrograde path records 4.5 kbar/660 °C during the development of S4. ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar geochronology shows that amphibole and biotite ages cluster at c. 340 Ma close to the HP granulite, whereas adjacent metasedimentary rocks preserve c. 340 Ma amphibole ages, but biotite and muscovite ages range between c. 318 and c. 300 Ma. The P?T conditions associated with S3 imply an overturned section of the orogenic middle crust. The shared structural evolution indicates that all mid‐crustal units are involved in the large‐scale folding cored by HP granulites. The retrograde P–T paths associated with S4 are interpreted as a result of a ductile thinning of the orogenic crust at a mid‐crustal level. The ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar ages overlap with U–Pb zircon ages in and around the HP granulite bodies, suggesting a short duration for the ductile thinning event. The post‐ductile thinning late‐orogenic emplacement of the South Bohemian plutonic complex is responsible for a re‐heating of the stacked units, reopening of argon system in mica and a tilting of the S4 foliation to its present‐day orientation.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地西南地区蓟县系古地温演化历史及岩浆热事件的影响     

于强  李荣西  任战利  雷享和  孙现瑶  杨麒可  王宝江 《地质学报》2023,97(3):922-937

深层油气成藏机理研究的首要前提是要明确烃源岩的热演化历史,这对区域油气勘探潜力的评价有着重要的指导意义。鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘蓟县系烃源岩在中生代以来的热演化史有何特征,是否受早白垩世岩浆热作用的影响,影响程度如何等问题的不明确,制约着人们对该地区中元古界烃源岩的生烃潜力的认识及进一步勘探开发的思路。通过对安口—铜城地区出露的三叠系、侏罗系及铜城岩体进行磷灰石裂变径迹、磷灰石/锆石(U-Th)/He测试,结合镜质组反射率数据,分别恢复了该地区沉积岩在中三叠世以来和侵入岩在早白垩世以来的冷却历史,结合岩浆岩体的空间分布特征和泥页岩镜质组反射率,估算蓟县系烃源岩古地温。热年代学模拟表明,蓟县系烃源岩自中生代以来先后经历了三叠纪—侏罗纪的正常埋深增温,达到了生烃温度门限,自早白垩世约130～110 Ma开始冷却,其中个别样品表现为自始新世中期至45 Ma微弱加速冷却,中新世晚期至8 Ma以来快速冷却。研究表明,中晚侏罗世是鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘蓟县系生烃的关键时期,烃源岩处于主生油温度范围,之后的早白垩世晚期岩浆侵入事件的热作用范围有限,对蓟县系烃源岩古地温的影响仅发生在局部地区。鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘...  相似文献