流动注射-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定海洋沉积物样品中痕量铅   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

程祥圣  秦晓光  刘富平  卜建平 《海洋学报》2005,27(6):177-179

铅是一种具有累积性的有害元素,是海洋监测调查中沉积物介质的必测元素之一,常用测定方法有双硫腙分光光度法、火焰原子吸收光谱法、无火焰原子吸收光谱法等[1],前两种方法灵敏度较低,测定时一般需要预富集,操作较繁琐;后一种方法虽然灵敏度高,但仪器昂贵,对操作人员要求高.氢化物发生原子荧光法由于灵敏度高、检出限低且线性范围宽,在铅的分析中日益被重视.  相似文献   

Predicting total allowable catches for Icelandic capelin, 1978-2001     

Gudmundsdottir  Asta; Vilhjalmsson  Hjalmar 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2002,59(5):1105-1115

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塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定海水中的铜     

李攻科  黄卓尔  杨秀环  张展霞 《热带海洋学报》1991,(2)

本文选择酒石酸消除海水基体对铜信号的干扰,用塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定海水中的铜。从Cu的原子化曲线可知,加入酒石酸后,背景值减小,Cu原子吸收信号增强,且出现时间提前,表明酒石酸是有效的海水基体改进剂。用P.E.Z3030光谱仪测得双蒸水及海水中的元素Cu的特征质量(m。)分别为12.5pg及12.7pg;检测限分别为0.18μg/L和0.19μg/L,表明基体效应已消除,符合海洋监测要求。可用纯Cu标准溶液作校正曲线,以国家海洋局的两个标准海水样品中的Cu评定本法的准确度,相对偏差为0及-4.6%,与经典的经富集后的FAAS法的结果相比,相对偏差在3.0—6.5％范围内。用不同类型的光谱仪测定了30个海水样品,回收率在89—104％范围内。本法操作简便、快速。  相似文献   

Types and characters of sub-bottom acoustic reflection in eastern part of Bohai Sea     

Wang Kuiyang  Liu Zhenxi  Xia Dongxing 《海洋学报(英文版)》1997,16(2):225-237

Ｈｉｇｈ－ｒｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓｕｂ－ｂｏｔｔｏｍｐｒｏｆｉｌｅｒｈａｓｒｅｖｅｄｅｄｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔａｌｓｔｒａｔａａｎｄｅｎｔｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｅｕｔｔｍｐ．ｏｆｔｈｅｌ３ｏｈａｉＳｅａｓｉｎｃｅｔｈｅｌｔａｔｅＰｌｅｉｓｔｏｃｅｎｅ．Ａｔｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｓｏｆａｃａｕｓｅｉｃｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｔｓｔｒａｔｔｌｇｍｐｈｉｃｐｒｉｎｃｉ－ｐｌｅ，ｓｏｍｅｃｌｔ．ｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｙｐｉｃａｌａｃｏｕｓｔｉｃｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｉｏｎｉｓｎｚａｄｅｏｕｔｔｎｄｗｉＵｂｅｆａｖｏｕｒａｂｌｅｆｏｒｉｎｔｅｒｐｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｒｅｃｏｇｎｂａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｏｏｕｓｔｉｃｐｒｏｆｉｌｅｓｉｎｔｈｉｓａｒｅａ  相似文献   

Reflection of surface waves by submerged cylinders     

John Grue  Enok Palm 《Applied Ocean Research》1984,6(1):54-60

Reflection from submerged cylinders are studied by means of integral equations. By expressing the solution as a distribution of vortices, the integral equations become non-singular for closed contours. It is shown that the method gives a short and easy proof for the classical result that no reflection occurs for the circular cylinder. The reflection power for the elliptic contour and the flat plate are studied when the bodies are situated deeply below the surface.  相似文献   

黄东海海区总悬浮物散射特性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘炜  李铜基  朱建华  陈清莲 《海洋技术学报》2007,26(2):42-46

我国黄东海水体散射特性非常复杂,这是造成该海域水色区划特点显著的原因之一。文中利用2003年4月黄东海试验数据(HD200304)对总悬浮物(TSM,Total Suspended Matter)的后向散射概率~bbs和单位散射系数bs*进行研究。基于对现场数据的统计分析,我们开发了总悬浮物后向散射概率模型,通过相对偏差分析表明,有近90%的样品反演相对偏差控制在±30%之内。对总悬浮物单位散射系数研究时,选择555 nm为参考波段,开发了不同波段间总悬浮物单位散射系数关系模型,通过相对偏差分析表明,有近94%的样品反演相对偏差在±10%之内,反演效果非常好。  相似文献   

Microphytobenthos vertical migratory photoresponse as characterised by light-response curves of surface biomass     

Joo Serdio  Helena Coelho  Snia Vieira  Snia Cruz 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,68(3-4):547

The migratory response of intertidal microphytobenthos to changes in irradiance was studied on undisturbed estuarine sediments. Two non-destructive optical techniques were used to trace variations in vivo of surface biomass: PAM fluorometry, for measuring the minimum fluorescence level (F_o); and spectral reflectance analysis, for quantifying the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Following the formation of a dense biofilm at the surface, replicated sediment samples were simultaneously exposed to six different irradiance levels, ranging from 50 to 1500 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, during a period of 120 min. The migratory photoresponse of the biofilms was characterised by constructing biomass vs. light curves (BLC), relating the accumulation of microalgal biomass after that period (estimated by F_o or NDVI) to the irradiance level incident on the surface. BLCs allow characterising the main features of the migratory photoresponse of intact biofilms. Typical BLC showed a clear biphasic pattern, with an increase in microalgal accumulation under irradiances below 100 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, maximum values under 100–250 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, and a gradual decrease of surface biomass under higher irradiances, indicating a strong photophobic downward migratory response. Similar BLC patterns were obtained when measuring F_o or NDVI. The construction of BLCs for biofilms from intertidal sites with distinctive sediment characteristics and diatom taxonomic composition allowed to detected significant differences in the migratory photoresponse. Biofilms from a muddy sediment exhibited considerably larger amplitude in the migratory photoresponse than the biofilms from a sandy mud site, especially under high irradiances. The photophobic migratory response to high light was found to vary among diatom species, particularly in the case of the biofilms from the muddy sediments.  相似文献   

Examination of empirical formulas for wave shoaling and breaking on steep slopes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ching-Piao Tsai  Hong-Bin Chen  Hwung-Hweng Hwung  Ming-Jen Huang 《Ocean Engineering》2005,32(3-4):469-483

Estimation of the wave height transformation of shoaling and breaking is essential for the nearshore hydrodynamics and the design of coastal structures. Many empirical formulas have been well recognized to the wave height transformation, but most of them were only applicable for gentle slopes. This paper reports the experimental results of wave shoaling and breaking over the steep slopes to examine the applicability of the previous empirical formulas. Two steep bottom slopes of 1/3 and 1/5, and one gentle slope of 1/10 were conducted in the present experiments. Experimental results show that the shoaling distance of steep slopes become short and the surface waves may be partially reflected from the steep bottom, thus the estimation of wave shoaling using the well-known previous formula did not conform completely to the experimental results. The previous empirical formulas for the wave breaking criteria were also examined, and the modified equations to the steep beaches were proposed in this work. A numerical model was finally adopted to calculate the wave height transformation in the surf zone by introducing the modified breaking index.  相似文献   

Geodynamic Evolution of the Eastern Segment of the Azores-Gibraltar Zone: The Gorringe Bank and the Gulf of Cadiz Region     

Tortella  D.  Torne  M.  Pérez-Estáun  A. 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1997,19(3):211-230

Detailed structural interpretation of the recently acquired deep seismic multichannel profiles along the Iberian Atlantic Margins (IAM Project) provides new results on the geodynamic evolution of the eastern part of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary. Thrusting and folding of the oceanic basement and of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary cover of the Gorringe Bank region are consistent with the N–S convergence of Iberia and Africa. Compressive structures in the Gorringe Bank region are spread over a wide area. Deformation under compression took place mainly in Tertiary times, as is evidenced by a basal unconformity and several discontinuities in Tertiary sediments, although some deformation has also been recorded in Quaternary sediments. The compressive structures in the Gulf of Cadiz are E–W oriented thrusts, folds and related diapiric structures. N–S oriented transpressive deformation is likely to occur in the western Portuguese platform. There is no continuity of structures from the oceanic to the continental domain, suggesting that deformation transfers from one side to the other through a transcurrent fault zone. The fault contact between the two domains is located in the ocean-continent transition zone.  相似文献   

塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定海水中的铬     

杨秀环  李攻科  唐宝英  张展霞 《热带海洋学报》1991,(3)

海水基体对Cr有增感作用。本文研究了抗坏血酸、柠檬酸三铵、酒石酸、乙酸铵等有机基体改进剂对消除基体干扰效果。前二者均有效地消除基体干扰,但1％抗坏血酸 1％柠檬酸三铵混合试剂的效果更好,它不仅可以消除基体干扰,还可降低背景及噪声,Cr的吸收峰也较平滑。本法准确,相对偏差在0.7—4.4％范围内。回收率在92—109％范围内。若海水Cr含量低于定量下限时,可采用多次进样法。  相似文献