Problems and new objectives of studying the Upper Cenozoic of Russia     

Yu. B. Gladenkov 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2007,15(6):672-673

  相似文献   

昌图凹陷白垩纪沉积环境对燕辽造山带隆升过程的指示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐政语  林舸  刘池阳  马晓昌  侯路 《沉积学报》2001,19(4):506-511

昌图凹陷是燕辽造山带东北缘山前一次级裂陷构造单元,其中充填了白垩纪火山-沉积岩系。根据构造活动与沉积演化特征,地层层序划分为裂陷期 (SSⅠ )、断陷期 (SSⅡ )和坳陷期 (SSⅢ )三个超层序,断陷期 (SSⅡ )超层序可进一步细分为断陷早期 (SⅡ₁)和断陷晚期 (SⅡ₂ )两个层序。裂陷期超层序发育巨厚的溢流相、爆发相火山岩。断陷早期 (SⅡ₁)层序发育低位与湖盆扩张两个体系域,低位体系域总体反映为一套近物源稀性泥石流沉积特征 ;湖盆扩张体系域反映水体相对较深,有扇三角洲及半深湖-深湖相沉积 ;岩屑砂岩发育,岩屑成分以火山岩为主。断陷晚期凹陷水体变浅,SⅡ₂ 层序中下部低位及湖盆扩张体系域总体发育特征类似SⅡ₁层序,上部发育的湖盆收缩体系域,演化为扇三角洲、河道、滨浅湖及沼泽相 ;SⅡ₂ 层序砂岩以长石岩屑砂岩为主,岩屑成分除火山岩外,见有混合花岗岩及变质岩岩屑。坳陷期 (SSⅢ )超层序发育冲积平原相,砂岩中混合花岗岩及变质岩岩屑成分进一步增加。由于受区域构造环境控制,凹陷沉积沉降中心不断北移,表明松辽盆地南缘燕辽造山带在白垩纪不断隆升、向北扩展 ;凹陷中发育三期低位体系域、对应了三期断陷活动,指示造山带在造山后作用阶段经历了三期幕式快速隆升过程。  相似文献   

青海湖的地质构造前景及形成演化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

边千韬  刘嘉麒 《地震地质》2000,22(1):20-26

青海湖地区位于３个构造单元及多条深断裂的交汇部位,结构复杂,强度较弱。上新世出现断陷,中更新世成湖。湖盆可划分为３个地垒和３个次级断陷盆地。其形成和演化受中祁连南缘大断裂带、宗务隆山－青海南山大断裂带和黑马河－达晶大带重新活动及其它ＮＷＷ,ＮＷ,ＮＮＷ,ＳＮ,ＮＥ抽断裂的活动及伴随的差异隆升所控制,与青藏高原的隆升演化有密切关系,尤其是可能与青藏高原发生后造山伸展作用有关的应力场转变造成的负反转构  相似文献   

Sedimentation processes and new age constraints on rifting stages in Lake Baikal: results of deep-water drilling     

M. I. Kuzmin  E. B. Karabanov  A. A. Prokopenko  V. F. Gelety  V. S. Antipin  D. F. Williams  A. N. Gvozdkov 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2000,89(2):183-192

 With this paper we present a first attempt to combine the direct results on lithology, composition and age dating in the boreholes BDP-93, BDP-96 and BDP-97 with geological and seismic data from the areas where those sections were drilled. The sedimentary environments represented by the BDP boreholes are markedly different and possess characteristic lithological features. The results of the deep drilling provide the essential means for testing numerous age models used in geological reconstructions of the Lake Baikal rifting dynamics. Neither the basin-wide unconformity interpreted from seismic data, nor the interpreted change from shallow-water to deep-water facies at the boundary of the seismic stratigraphic complexes were found in the BDP-96 boreholes on Academician Ridge. Also, lithology does not support the proposed reconstructions of intense lake level fluctuations and transgressions during the Pliocene at Academician Ridge. The continuous deep-water hemipelagic sedimentation at Academician Ridge has existed for the past 5 Ma. The beginning of an intense rifting phase of the Neobaikalian sub-stage and related drastic changes in sedimentation processes were interpreted on seismic sections as the basin-wide unconformity B10. Different age estimates for this boundary ranged from Late Pliocene (3.5 Ma) to Plio-Pleistocene boundary. As shown by BDP-96 borehole, B10 is associated with a lithological change from diatomaceous ooze to dense silty clay and not with an erosional contact. The new age for this boundary in BDP-96 is approximately 2.5 Ma. This new age constraint suggests that the upper sedimentary strata of Northern Baikal (1.5–1.7 km thick) have formed during the past 2.5 Ma with average sedimentation rates of 60–70 cm/ka. The BDP-93 boreholes at Buguldeika suggest that uplift in Primorsky Range took place prior to 1.07–1.31 Ma, a date which exceeds the age of previous geological models. Received: 12 March 1999 / Accepted: 10 February 2000  相似文献   

闽粤沿海老红砂多期沉积地层的发现及其意义   总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6  

吴正  王为 《中国沙漠》2001,21(4):328-332

对广泛分布于闽粤沿海的老红砂进行了全面的野外调查,调查发现在福建的平潭青峰、晋江科任和广东的惠来靖海资深园、徐闻锦和东门下等地的老红砂沉积地层,存在多期沉积。热释光(TL)、电子自旋共振(ESR)测年表明,它们是晚更新世中、晚期末次冰期(玉木冰期)的沉积,并可分出68~42ka和30~10ka两个相对较集中的沉积期。在这两期中,又以30~10ka左右的晚玉木冰期(Q₃³)的老红砂发育规模最大、分布最广,这显然与晚玉木冰期(盛冰期)时的气候更干冷、冬季风的风力更强劲,风沙活动更强烈有密切关系。  相似文献   

砂岩强度MTS试验及阶段特征的混沌动力学研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘传孝 《岩土力学》2004,25(12):1910-1914

采用MTS815.03电液伺服岩石试验系统对三种强度的砂岩进行全应力-应变试验研究,得出试验曲线呈明显的分段特征,曲线的离散性发生于应变软化阶段。通过对试验数据序列的混沌动力学分析得出：随着单向抗压强度的增加,砂岩全应力-应变过程的系统状态由强混沌态逐渐演化到低混沌态,进而质变为较有序的定常态;砂岩峰后应力-应变阶段曲线的线性性质增强,裂隙系统状态由强混沌态向强有序的定常态演化;砂岩峰前阶段的裂隙系统基本呈现弱混沌状态。该试验方法可靠,对砂岩强度阶段特征的混沌分析具有一定的理论意义。  相似文献   

长白山天池火山造锥喷发岩浆演化系列与地层划分   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

魏海泉  李春茂  金伯禄  靳晋瑜  高玲 《吉林地质》2005,24(1):22-27

根据天池火山岩的岩性特征、化学成分和产状,把火山造锥喷发划分为4介阶段,同时描述了各个阶段喷发特点和演化规律。将岩浆演化划分为早晚两个旋回,描述了每一旋回的特点及岩性。最后把天池火山地层进行了划分并同邻区地层进行了对比。  相似文献   

辽东凸起北段新生代隆升时间的确定:来自裂变径迹的证据     

任健  吴智平  徐长贵  李伟  张晓庆  张婧 《世界地质》2015,34(2):408-418

对取自辽东凸起北段凸起带和陡坡带的6个岩芯样品进行了磷灰石裂变径迹(AFT)测试并分析了裂变径迹特征,选定其中2个样品在约束条件下进行热史模拟。结果表明,辽东凸起北段新生代经历了距今50 Ma±孔店组沉积期末及距今24 Ma±的东营组沉积期末的2次构造隆升。通过对辽东湾坳陷东西部的沉积结构和控凹断裂对比可知,辽东湾坳陷一系列NE向隆起具有相似的发育机制。结合渤海湾盆地区域构造背景,推断辽东湾坳陷辽东凸起的形成是古近纪地幔热活动引起的伸展作用在孔店组沉积期末的构造响应,形式为拆离性质的翘倾断块;而辽东凸起的第二次抬升是受东营组沉积期末发生的区域性构造抬升运动影响的结果。  相似文献   

西南三江地区镇沅金矿载金黄铁矿稀土与微量元素特征   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

赵岩  黄钰涵  梁坤  张岐能 《岩石学报》2015,31(11):3297-3308

镇沅金矿(也称老王寨金矿)是西南三江地区哀牢山金矿带超大型金矿床之一。前人研究表明黄铁矿的稀土与微量元素含量可以反映成矿流体与成矿物质来源的特征,本次采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)技术对镇沅金矿主要载金矿物黄铁矿进行研究。通过野外实地调查及室内显微镜下观察,将镇沅金矿载金黄铁矿分为四个阶段:Ⅰ阶段脉状黄铁矿;Ⅱ阶段团块状黄铁矿;Ⅲ阶段与辉锑矿等硫化物共生浸染状黄铁矿;Ⅳ阶段破碎状黄铁矿。矿区内多种地层均有矿化现象,矿石类型包括变砂岩型、炭质板岩型、蚀变大理岩型、蛇绿岩套型、蚀变花岗岩型、煌斑岩型等。ICP-MS测定结果显示Ⅰ阶段黄铁矿富集高场强元素Th、U、Ta、Nb、Zr、Hf,亏损大离子亲石元素;其后三阶段黄铁矿该特征则不明显。黄铁矿总体稀土元素含量较低,∑REE含量为4.72×10-6~48.96×10-6,平均为24.93×10-6。稀土配分曲线显示黄铁矿总体呈较平缓的右倾型轻稀土元素富集配分模式;存在负δEu异常,基本无δCe异常。各阶段黄铁矿稀土配分模式存在微弱差异,Ⅰ阶段黄铁矿总体REE含量较高,部分具有LREE/HREE比值较低的特征,与超基性岩REE配分模式相近;Ⅱ阶段黄铁矿REE含量明显偏低,LREE/HREE比值较高;Ⅲ阶段黄铁矿∑REE含量较低,但较Ⅱ阶段要高;Ⅳ阶段黄铁矿∑REE含量低,有与Ⅱ阶段黄铁矿REE相近特征。黄铁矿中Au与As伴生现象明显。Co/Ni值反映黄铁矿具有沉积与热液黄铁矿成因特征,另外黄铁矿的稀土微量元素特征还反映出成矿流体为含F-的还原性流体。研究认为镇沅金矿至少存在两期金成矿作用,早期载金黄铁矿呈脉状产出,并可能与印支期古特提斯洋闭合中含超基性岩的增生楔形成有关;晚期载金黄铁矿与辉锑矿、黄铜矿等硫化物共生,与新生代区域范围内红河剪切带活动及扬子板块的俯冲导致的广泛变质作用有关。  相似文献   

Tectono-stratigraphy of Lower Cretaceous Tanan sub-basin,Tamtsag Basin,Mongolia: Sequence architecture,depositional systems and controls on sediment infill     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

Tanan sub-basin is an active-fault bounded basin. The spatial distribution and temporal evolution of depositional systems were significantly influenced by tectonics. Fault movement and stages of basin development controlled the subsidence rates and the potential for erosion and the rate of sediment supply. Distinct stages of rift evolution during the early Cretaceous can be recognized, namely the early syn-rift, rift climax and late syn-rift stages. Three types of lacustrine sequence, consisting of distinctive depositional systems, are distinguished: (1) the early syn-rift sequences (SQ1 + SQ2), which are composed mainly of fan delta and shallow lacustrine depositional systems; (2) the rift climax sequences (SQ3) which developed in response to rapid and differential tectonic subsidence rates, and consist of fan delta, deep lacustrine and sublacustrine fan depositional systems; and (3) the late syn-rift sequences (SQ4) which are comprised of braided-delta and shallow lacustrine depositional systems. Each of the three lacustrine sequence architectures stands for a particular stage of basin fill and reflects variable rates of basin subsidence. Within each sequence, depositional systems and their stacking patterns are interpreted to have been a function of the interaction between tectonics and sediment supply. Differential subsidence across the basin, related to rotation of fault blocks, resulted in the formation of distinct paleomorphologies in different structural settings. These settings were fault-scarp zones controlling the development of fan-deltas, fault-terrace zones controlling the development of fan-delta and sublacustrine fans, half-graben dip-slope zones controlling the development of braided river and braided deltas, and intra-basinal fault-break zones controlling the development of sublacustrine fans. During the late syn-rift stage, active tectonism, displacement on the boundary faults had ceased. At this stage the depositional systems and their stacking patterns were dominantly related to the sediment supply rates, and not to tectonic activity.  相似文献