富Co铁锰结壳铂族元素与铼-锇同位素组成及其意义   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

姚德  张丽洁  初凤友  杜安道  刘心中  杨富贵 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2002,22(3):53-58

用ICP－MS测定了太平洋富Co铁锰结壳铂族元素和铼－锇同位素组成。富Co铁锰结壳不仅异常富集铂族元素，而且铂族元素及其它亲铁元素的配发与陨石特征非常相似。铁锰结壳的铼－锇同位素组成明显有别于大陆地壳岩石，和K－T界线沉积物相似，接近陨石值。世界大洋范围内的富Co铁锰结壳均产于远离海底构造热液活动区，几乎不可能受到地幔源热液作用的直接影响。因此，富Co铁锰结壳中的铂族元素可能部分来源于地外物质。  相似文献   

南沙海槽区表层沉积物的地球化学特征   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

古森昌  陈忠  颜文  刘芳文 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2001,21(2):43-47

对南沙海槽区73个表层沉积物的地球化学及沉积环境特征进行了研究。微量元素主要有Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Co、Cr、Sr、Ba和Zr，表现为亲陆性，常量组分为SiO2、AI2O3、TFe、CaO、MgO、K2O、Na2O、MnO、PO25、TiO2，表现为边缘海向深海过渡的沉积环境特点。沉积物质含有粘土组分、碳酸盐型生物碎屑组分、陆源碎屑非粘土组分以及火山碎屑、岛源物质，沉积环境与水深关系密切，在200m以浅，沉积物的供给复杂，沉积环境多变，在200m以深，沉积物的供给和沉积环境稳定。  相似文献   

南海南部海区气候要素的变化和分布特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

文日凤  张祥玉 《海洋预报》2001,18(1):48-58

南海南部海区属较典型的区域性热带和赤道带海洋性季风气候区。各气候要素的变化特征与冬、夏季风气流的转换关系密切。汇集沿岸各站和海岛站以及近15年来的考察资料，对气候要素的变化和分布特征作了初步的统计分析，为科研和海洋天气预报提供了许多实用的数据。  相似文献   

Two-Dimensional Large Deformation Finite Element Analysis for the Pulling-up of Plate Anchor   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王栋  胡玉霞金霞 《中国海洋工程》2006,20(2):269-278

Based on mesh regeneration and stress interpolation from an old mesh to a new one, a large deformation finite element model is developed for the study of the behaviour of circular plate anchors subjected to uplift loading. For the deterruination of the distributions of stress components across a clay foundation, the Recovery by Equilibrium in Patches is extended to plastic analyses. ABAQUS, a commercial finite element package, is customized and linked into our program so as to keep automatic and efficient running of large deformation calculation. The quality of stress interpolation is testified by evaluations of Tresca stress and nodal reaction forces. The complete pulling-up processes of plate anchors buried in homogeneous clay arc simulated, and typical pulling force-displacement responses of a deep anchor and a shallow anchor are compared. Different from the results of previous studies, large deformation analysis is of the capability of estimating the breakaway between the anchor bottom and soils. For deep anchors, the variation of mobilized uplift resistance with anchor settlement is composed of three stages, and the initial buried depths of anchors affect the separation embedment slightly. The uplift bearing capacity of deep anchors is usually higher than that of shallow anchors.  相似文献   

Evaluation of ecotoxicological effects of endocrine disrupters during a four-year survey of the Mediterranean population of swordfish (Xiphias gladius)     

M. Cristina Fossi  Silvia Casini  Letizia Marsili  Stefania Ancora  Gabriele Mori  Giovanni Neri  Teresa Romeo  Antonella Ausili 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):425

In this project we investigated the ecotoxicological effects of endocrine disrupters in a four-year survey of the Mediterranean population of swordfish (Xiphias gladius). In the Mediterranean environment, top predators, such as swordfish, accumulate high concentrations of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) and toxic metals, potentially incurring high toxicological risk. The effects of organochlorines and trace elements (Hg, Cd and Pb) in 192 swordfish specimens, caught in the Strait of Messina, Sicily, Italy, were investigated using vitellogenin (Vtg), zona radiata proteins (Zrp) and CYP1A (BPMO, EROD) activities. Vtg and Zrp were found to be dramatically induced in some adult male specimens, suggesting that this species is highly exposed to estrogens in the Mediterranean Sea. A role of organochlorines in this induction phenomenon is suggested by the statistically significant correlations between Zrp in plasma and PCB concentrations in muscle (p<0.032) and Vtg in plasma and PCB concentrations in liver (p<0.034) of male specimens. Levels of trace elements in liver were in the following ranges: Hg 1–22, Cd 1–28 and Pb 0–1.6 ppm d.w. These data indicate potential reproductive alterations in large pelagic fish and suggest the need for continuous monitoring to avoid reductions in the population of this fish species of high commercial and ecological interest.  相似文献   

U – Pb zircon ages from leucogneiss in the Etheridge Group and their significance for the early history of the Georgetown region,north Queensland     

LP Black  IW Withnall  P Gregory    JHC Bain 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):385-401

The Timbarra Tablelands pluton is an extensive (～550 km²) complexly zoned intrusion forming one of many predominantly monzogranite I‐type plutons, which constitute the Moonbi Supersuite in northern New South Wales, Australia. It comprises an outer rim of Rocky River monzogranite (Zones 1–3), an intermediate zone of Sandy Creek syenogranite (Zones 4A–4C), surrounding a core of Surface Hill syenogranite (Zones 5–7). The suite is calc‐alkaline, high‐K, and varies from mildly metaluminous to weakly peraluminous with increasing fractionation. Average Rb/Sr ratios range from 0.4 in the least evolved very coarse‐grained monzogranite (Zone 3) to 46 in the most evolved very fine‐grained biotite microgranite (Zone 6). Trace‐element modelling indicates that the observed compositional variation could have been produced by crystal fractionation. New bulk rock major‐ and trace‐element data for 71 samples are presented, and indicate that a compositional continuum exists that varies between 63 and 78 wt% SiO₂. Importantly, there is no systematic chemical variation with spatial distribution of samples from the core of the pluton to its margin, requiring multiple separate pulses of an evolving magma to explain compositional discontinuities. The pluton is interpreted to have been emplaced at mesozonal levels (～180 ± 60 MPa, 5–10 km depth) and crystallised at temperatures between 620 and 820°C under moderately oxidising conditions (log fO₂ = ‐11.5 to ‐19). The association of gold‐molybdenite mineralisation at Timbarra with moderately oxidised I‐type magmas is consistent with fractionation‐redox controls on ore‐element behaviour in magmatic systems in other studies.  相似文献   

Three dimensional elasto‐plastic interface for embedded beam elements with interaction surface for the analysis of lateral loading of piles          下载免费PDF全文

Diego F. Turello  Federico Pinto  Pablo J. Sánchez 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(6):859-879

This paper presents a numerical formulation for a three dimensional elasto‐plastic interface, which can be coupled with an embedded beam element in order to model its non‐linear interaction with the surrounding solid medium. The formulation is herein implemented for lateral loading of piles but is able to represent soil‐pile interaction phenomena in a general manner for different types of loading conditions or ground movements. The interface is formulated in order to capture localized material plasticity in the soil surrounding the pile within the range of small to moderate lateral displacements. The interface is formulated following two different approaches: (i) in terms of beam degrees of freedoms; and (ii) considering the displacement field of the solid domain. Each of these alternatives has its own advantages and shortcomings, which are discussed in this paper. The paper presents a comparison of the results obtained by means of the present formulation and by other well‐established analysis methods and test results published in the literature. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Probabilistic analyses of soil consolidation by prefabricated vertical drains for single‐drain and multi‐drain systems          下载免费PDF全文

Mohammad Wasiul Bari  Mohamed A. Shahin  Abdul‐Hamid Soubra 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(17):2398-2420

Natural soils are one of the most inherently variables in the ground. Although the significance of inherent soil variability in relation to reliable predictions of consolidation rates of soil deposits has long been realized, there have been few studies that addressed the issue of soil variability for the problem of ground improvement by prefabricated vertical drains. Despite showing valuable insights into the impact of soil spatial variability on soil consolidation by prefabricated vertical drains, available stochastic works on this subject are based on a single‐drain (or unit cell) analyses. However, how the idealized unit cell solution can be a supplement to the complex multi‐drain systems for spatially variable soils has never been addressed in the literature. In this study, a rigorous stochastic finite elements modeling approach that allows the true nature of soil spatial variability to be considered in a reliable and quantifiable manner, both for the single‐drain and multi‐drain systems, is presented. The feasibility of performing an analysis based on the unit cell concept as compared with the multi‐drain analysis is assessed in a probabilistic context. It is shown that with proper input statistics representative of a particular domain of interest, both the single‐drain and multi‐drain analyses yield almost identical results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

AUSTRALIS: A new tool for the study of isotopic systems and geochronology in mineral systems     

S. H. Sie  T. R. Niklaus  D. A. Sims  F. Bruhn  G. Suter  G. Cripps 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):601-611

AUSTRALIS (AMS for Ultra Sensitive TRAce eLement and Isotopic Studies) is a microbeam accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system designed for in situ microanalysis of geological samples for trace elements and radiogenic and stable isotope data. The AMS method eliminates molecular and isobaric interferences in in situ mass spectrometric measurements, opening up new opportunities in geochronology and tracer applications. Tests have been carried out for measurements of Pb, S and Os isotopes, conducted mainly at 1.5 MV accelerating voltage. In Pb and S tests, precision as high as 0.3‰ has been obtained, made possible by a fast isotope switching system to counter the effect of instabilities in the ion source and beam transport system. In trace‐element analysis, a detection limit for Au at the sub‐ppb level was obtained.  相似文献   

Source of and potential bio-indicator for the heavy metal pollution in Ny-(A)lesund, Arctic     

Wang Xiaofei  Yuan Linxi  Luo Honghao  Long Nanye  Wang Yuhong  Sun Liguang 《极地研究(英文版)》2007,18(2)

Three kinds of tundra plant samples including Dicranum angnstum(a type of boreal bryophyte) , PuccineUia phryganodes (a type of fringy p/ant),Salix polaris (a type of vascular plant) and surface soil were samples in 200 at Ny-Alesund of the Arctic.The levels of eight heavy metal elements (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Mn) and three metal-like dements (As, Se, Sr) in the plant and soil samples of the areas within previous coal mining activities are significantly higher than those of other areas.The relative accumulation of these elements in these tundra plant samples is consistent with the one in the soft samples, especially in the areas affected by previous coal-mining activities.Thus, the pollution is apparently from local coal mining activity.Dicranum angustum has the highest concentrations among those elements, and it can be a good bio-indicator for heavy metal pollution in Ny(A)lesund.Though Ny(A)lesund is less polluted by heavy metal than nearby Northern European human living areas, but much more than the tundras of the Alaska, Greenland and the Antarctic.  相似文献