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41.
John P. Boyd 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(2-4):163-182
Abstract The vortex pair known as a modon is a classical solitary wave in the sense that it decays exponentially with distance from the center of the wave whenever the modon's phase speed of the wave is outside the linear range. In contrast, when ?1 < c < 0, the modon “far field” is oscillatory so that the modon is “nonlocal” in the sense that it has nonzero amplitude even at arbitrarily far distances from the vortex maximum. However, Tribbia and Verkley have independently noted that the oscillatory far field may be very weak for some parameter ranges. 相似文献
42.
实验使用hiTAIL-PCR（high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR,高效热不对称交错PCR）方法,从海单胞菌Marinomonas sp. BSi20584中克隆β-半乳糖苷酶基因。从GenBank注册的已知β-半乳糖苷酶氨基酸序列出发,设计引物克隆编码β-半乳糖苷酶保守片段的DAN序列;根据Marinomonas sp. BSi20584天然酶N端氨基酸残基测序结果,设计上游引物,保守DNA片段5’端设计下游引物,克隆N端到保守序列之间的DNA片段;将所得的2个DNA片段拼接并命名拼接后的片段为nbs。根据hiTAIL-PCR方法设计引物,染色体步移克隆nbs上下游片段,拼接上下游片段得到全长序列,设计引物扩增全长片段并测序。本文成功克隆了Marinomonas sp. BSi20584菌株β-半乳糖苷酶的编码基因,全长1 971 bp,NCBI比对表明其编码产物为GH-42家族的一个新成员。 相似文献
43.
Increasing evidence indicates that transforming growth factor β(TGF-P) signaling pathways play many important roles in the early development of mollusks.However,limited information is known concerning their detailed mechanisms.Here,we describe the identification,cloning and characterization of two Smad genes,the key components of TGF-P signaling pathways,from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.Sequence analysis of the two genes,designated as cgi-smad1/5/8 and cgi-smad4,revealed conserved functional characteristics.The two genes were widely expressed in embryos and larvae,suggesting multiple roles in the early development of C.gigas.The mRNA of the two genes aggregated in the D quadrant and cgi-smad4 was highly expressed on the dorsal side of the gastrula,indicating that TGF-P signaling pathways may be involved in dorsoventral patterning in C.gigas.Furthermore,high expression levels of the two genes in the shell fields of embryos at different stages suggested important roles for TGF-P signaling pathways in particular phases of shell development,including the formation of the initial shell field and the biomineralization of larval shells.The results of this study provide fundamental support for elucidating how TGF-P signaling pathways participate in the early development of bivalve mollusks,and suggest that further work is warranted to this end. 相似文献
44.
从一株海洋放线菌株HY-G中纯化得到了一种胞内中性β-葡萄糖苷酶。通过SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和Superdex 200凝胶柱层析估计酶分子质量分别是43.3 kD和45.0 kD,两者估计值接近,表明该酶是一个单聚体,不含亚基。采用对硝基酚基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(p-NPG)做底物,测得该酶的最适pH和最适温度分别为pH 7.5和40?C。该酶在pH 6.0～7.0最稳定,在70?C保温30 min仍能保留56%的酶活力,表明具有一定的温度稳定性。基于16S rRNA基因的分类研究表明,该菌株属于拟诺卡氏菌属。 相似文献
45.
4株琼胶降解菌的分离、鉴定及产酶条件分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
从海藻及海参中分离筛选得到4株琼胶降解菌HD、JL、QJ和HS,均为革兰氏阴性菌,确定了它们发酵产酶的最佳条件均为：2216E海水培养基、初始 Ph 7.5、琼胶底物浓度0.30%、培养温度28℃、培养时间36 h。大部分酶分泌到细菌细胞外。生理生化检测、16SrDNA序列同源性及聚类分析结果表明, HD、JL、HS为白色噬琼胶菌(Agarivorans albus);QJ的16SrDNA序列与Simiduia sp.,糖噬胞菌属( Saccharophagus sp.)和船蛆杆菌(Teredinibacter sp.)的相似性为93%~94%,在进化树上单独形成一个分支,但生理生化特征与它们有所不同,分类地位需要进一步确定。从HD、JL和HS中能克隆到β-琼胶酶基因,它们与其他物种的β-琼胶酶基因序列的相似性为97%~98%。 相似文献
46.
四川盆地暖区暴雨特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
给出四川盆地暖区暴雨的定义,并根据天气形势和影响系统将其分为西南涡型、副热带高压边缘型、西南急流型和东南风型四类。然后利用2008—2018年5—9月常规和自动站逐时降水资料统计分析四类暖区暴雨的时空分布特征和降水性质,并选取典型个例,对暴雨中尺度特征和成因进行了分析。主要结论包括:四类暖区暴雨易发于山脉迎风坡、喇叭口地形、平原和丘陵山地不均匀下垫面附近。西南涡型和西南急流型暴雨范围广且成片,西南涡型暴雨主要位于盆地中部和南部,西南急流型暴雨主要出现在盆地中部到龙门山脉北段和大巴山脉;副热带高压边缘型和东南风型暴雨分散,主要出现在盆地西部;降水都具有明显的日变化,呈现为单峰型,夜间加强,白天减弱;暖区暴雨由对流性和稳定性降水组成,降水量级越大,对流性越明显,其中,副热带高压边缘型和东南风型对流性降水明显,西南涡型和西南急流型稳定性降水明显;暖区暴雨直接由β中尺度云团发展造成,西南涡型和西南急流型中尺度对流系统持续时间≥6 h,副热带高压边缘型和东南风型中尺度对流系统持续时间≤6 h,但四类暖区暴雨单站对流性降水(20~50 mm·h-1)的持续时间一般不超过3 h,≥50 mm·h-1的短时强降水维持时间不超过1 h,若超过1 h易造成极端降水事件,西南涡型和西南急流型容易出现极端强降水;四类暖区暴雨发生在高能高湿不稳定环境条件下,平均CAPE值超过1000 J·kg-1,K指数在40℃左右,850 hPa平均假相当位温在85℃左右,平均比湿可达16 g·kg-1。 相似文献
47.
内切葡聚糖酶是一种重要的纤维素酶,在纤维素水解过程中起到重要作用。本实验利用RT-PCR和cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)克隆获得了太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)内切葡聚糖酶基因,并对其基因结构和系统进化进行了分析。内切葡聚糖酶cDNA全长802bp,开放阅读框架630bp,编码209个氨基酸。基因组DNA全长505 6bp,含有两段内含子长度分别为205 3和231 3bp。cDNA具有与已发现的内切葡聚糖酶基因相同的保守区结构和功能域,并且与其他已知贝类的内切葡聚糖酶有较高的同源性。利用RT-PCR方法研究了该基因在太平洋牡蛎消化腺、外套膜、鳃、肌肉、性腺和唇瓣组织中的表达,发现内切葡聚糖酶基因仅在消化腺中表达,而在其他组织中没有表达。 相似文献
48.
Algal biotechnology has advanced greatly in the past three decades. Many microalgae are now cultivated to produce bioactive substances. Odontella aurita is a marine diatom industrially cultured in outdoor open ponds and used for human nutrition. For the first time, we have systematically investigated the effects of culture conditions in cylindrical glass columns and fiat-plate photobioreactors, including nutrients （nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur）, light intensity and light path, on O. aurita cell growth and biochemical composition （protein, carbohydrate, β-1,3-glucan, lipids, and ash）. The optimal medium for photoautotrophic cultivation of O. aurita contained 17.65 mmol/L nitrogen, 1.09 mmol/L phosphorus, 0.42 mmol/L silicon, and 24.51 mmol/L sulfur, yielding a maximum biomass production of 6.1-6.8 g/L and 6.7-7.8 g/L under low and high light, respectively. Scale-up experiments were conducted with fiat-plate photobioreactors using different light-paths, indicating that a short light path was more suitable for biomass production of O. aurita. Analyses of biochemical composition showed that protein content decreased while carbohydrate （mainly composed of 15-1,3-glucan） increased remarkably to about 50% of dry weight during the entire culture period. The highest lipid content （19.7% of dry weight） was obtained under 0.11 mmol/L silicon and high light conditions at harvest time. Fatty acid profiles revealed that 80% were Cx4, C~6, and C20, while arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA） accounted for 1.6%-5.6% and 9%-20% of total fatty acids, respectively. High biomass production and characteristic biochemical composition profiles make O. aurita a promising microalga for the production ofbioactive components, such as EPA and D-1,3-glucan. 相似文献
49.
琼胶酶是作用于琼胶的水解酶，在食品、化妆品和制药工业中有广泛的应用。本文建立了一种基于诱导模式和甘油补料优化的高细胞密度和高产β-琼胶酶策略，同时可以较好的控制乙酸盐产量。首先，在诱导前期采用不同的比生长速率（μ）的甘油指数补料策略。结果表明，低的比生长速率（μ=0.2）是细胞生长和β-琼胶酶产生的最佳条件。其次，研究了诱导阶段诱导温度和诱导物浓度对细胞生长和β-琼胶酶产生的影响。当异丙基-β-d-硫代半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导时，在20℃下0.8mmol/L的IPTG诱导策略对β-琼胶酶的产生效果最佳。采用1.0g/（L·h）的乳糖连续补料策略诱导培养，β-琼胶酶活性达到112.5U/mL，是目前报道的产量最高的β-琼胶酶。此外，β-琼胶酶能直接酶解龙须菜粉，产生新琼寡糖，水解产物为新琼胶四糖（NA4）和新琼胶六糖（NA6）。本文的研究为β-琼胶酶的工业化生产和应用提供了较好的理论依据。 相似文献
50.
本文采用"头尾翻转"策略,发展了一种通过烷氧自由基β-裂解(AOF)氟化反应,制备稀有L-糖氟苷的方法。通过容易制备的(-D-糖碳苷,选择性裸露伯羟基,再经二价银介导的AOF氟化反应制备了L-葡萄八碳糖氟苷,L-甘露八碳糖氟苷,L-来苏糖氟苷,5-氰基-L-来苏糖氟苷,为稀有L-糖氟苷的制备提供了新思路。 相似文献