利用HYSPLIT_4模式分析珠海地面SO₂浓度的变化规律   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

黄健  颜鹏  ROLAND R Draxler 《热带气象学报》2002,18(4):407-414

利用HYSPLIT_4传输、扩散模式，模拟大尺度气象场下的1999年10月-2000年1月珠海地面SO2浓度变化规律，结果与实测资料对比表明，模式较好地模拟出珠海地面SO2的浓度水平和变化趋势。模拟结果经过分析还表明，珠海地面S02浓度受到广东省其它地区尤其是珠江三角洲地区城市污染源排放的影响；其浓度变化与广州900m高度（或965hPa等压面）水平风场具有相当好的对应关系。  相似文献   

The Application of Sea-Surface Wind Detection with Doppler Lidar in Olympic Sailing     

WANG Gaili  LIU Liping  LIU Zhishen  LU Bo  MU Rong 《大气科学进展》2011,28(6):1471-1480

The mobile incoherent Doppler lidar(MIDL),which was jointly developed by State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LaSW) of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS) and Ocean University of China,provided meteorological services during the Olympic sailing events in Qingdao in 2008.In this study,two experiments were performed based on these measurements.First,the capabilities of MIDL detection of sea-surface winds were investigated by comparing its radial velocities with those from a sea buoy.MIDL radial velocity was almost consistent with sea-buoy data;both reflected the changes in wind with time.However,the MIDL data was 0.5 m s 1 lower on average than the sea-buoy data due to differences in detection principle,sample volume,sample interval,spatial and temporal resolution.Second,the wind fields during the Olympic sailing events were calculated using a four-dimensional variation data assimilation(4DVAR) algorithm and were evaluated by comparing them with data from a sea buoy.The results show that the calculations made with the 4DVAR wind retrieval method are able to simulate the fine retrieval of sea-surface wind data-the retrieved wind fields were consistent with those of sea-buoy data.Overall,the correlation coefficient of wind direction was 0.93,and the correlation coefficient of wind speed was 0.70.The distribution of retrieval wind fields was consistent with that of MIDL radial velocity;the root-mean-square error between them had an average of only 1.52 m s 1.  相似文献   

Impact of different forcing factors on N:P balance in a semi-enclosed bay: The Gulf of Trieste (North Adriatic Sea)     

M. Lipizer  G. Cossarini 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(16):1651-1662

The availability and partition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in inorganic and organic compartments, as well as their stoichiometric ratio, are influenced by both physical and biological forcing factors. On this basis, the temporal and spatial dynamics in N:P atomic ratios in different compartments may provide information on the functioning of marine ecosystems. Here we explore the relative importance of water temperature, river inputs, wind mixing, stratification, ingression of nutrient-depleted Eastern Adriatic Current and phytoplankton biomass on concentrations and ratios between nitrogen and phosphorus in a semi-enclosed bay (the Gulf of Trieste), using data from monitoring programs carried out during 8 years. Water samples are first classified in 6 water types based on N:P ratios in different components, and then relationships between water type space-time distribution and a set of forcing factors is sought. Results show that the gulf is characterised by relatively stable N:P ratios in all compartments (about 23-26), always exceeding the classical Redfield ratio. In the surface layer, however, nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics are decoupled because of river input and plankton productivity, and a significant spatial and temporal variability is observed in terms of stoichiometric balance, nutrient concentrations and partition among the different pools. Deviations from stable N:P ratios follow a seasonal evolution. In spring, continental inputs alter inorganic nutrient compartments (N:P up to 115); later on, during the seasonal succession of biological processes (e.g. late spring phytoplankton blooms, summer increase in microbial activities and autumn phytoplankton blooms), a change is also seen in the organic dissolved and particulate pools. Multivariate statistical analysis suggests that, among the considered forcing factors, the most relevant in modulating the N:P stoichiometry in the Gulf of Trieste are river inputs and ingression of the Eastern Adriatic Current (acting in opposite directions) along with phytoplankton dynamics. During the whole period, besides variations in N:P stoichiometry, in the Gulf of Trieste dissolved organic matter represents the largest pool of N and P, which can provide a source of nutrients for the planktonic community alternative to inorganic nutrient.  相似文献   

Coprecipitation with Cu(II)‐4‐(2‐Pyridylazo)‐resorcinol for Separation and Preconcentration of Fe(III) and Ni(II) in Water and Food Samples     

Şerife Tokalıoğlu  Osman Daşdelen 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(3):296-300

The coprecipitation method is widely used for the preconcentration of trace metal ions prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). A simple and sensitive method based on coprecipitation of Fe(III) and Ni(II) ions with Cu(II)‐4‐(2‐pyridylazo)‐resorcinol was developed. The analytical parameters including pH, amount of copper (II), amount of reagent, sample volume, etc., were examined. It was found that the metal ions studied were quantitatively coprecipitated in the pH range of 5.0–6.5. The detection limits (DL) (n = 10, 3s/b) were found to be 0.68 µg L^?1 for Fe(III) and 0.43 µg L^?1 for Ni(II) and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were ≤4.0%. The proposed method was validated by the analysis of three certified reference materials (TMDA 54.4 fortified lake water, SRM 1568a rice flour, and GBW07605 tea) and recovery tests. The method was successfully applied to sea water, lake water, and various food samples.  相似文献   

气体（CH4、H2S、CO2）在水溶液中的溶解度模型     

段振豪  卫清 《地质学报》2011,85(7):1079-1093

本文介绍一个通过状态方程和特定粒子相互作用理论建立起来的气体在水溶液中的溶解度模型,用以计算气体(CH4、H2S、CO2)在纯水和含盐水溶液中的溶解度、流体包裹体的均一条件、成矿热液沸腾、流体不混溶性、水合物形成条件、CO2地质储藏量等.该模型不仅重现了上百套实验数据(约8000多个数据点),而且具有很强的外延能力.因...  相似文献   

不同施肥处理下双季稻田CH4和N2O排放的全年观测研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

石生伟  李玉娥  李明德 《大气科学》2011,35(4):707-720

选取湖南典型红壤双季稻田为研究对象,采用静态箱—气相色谱法对不施肥对照(CK)、常规施化肥(NPK)、新鲜稻草与化肥配施(RS+ NPK1)、菌渣与化肥配施(MR+ NPK1)、新鲜牛粪与化肥配施(CD+NPK2)和沼渣与化肥配施(BD+NPK2)等6个处理的CH4和N2O排放通量进行为期一年的观测(早稻、晚稻和休闲期...  相似文献   

Net, actual, and potential sediment-water interface NH₄ fluxes in the northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOMEX): Evidence for NH₄ limitation of microbial dynamics     

Xiao Lin  Mark J. McCarthy  Stephen A. Carini  Wayne S. Gardner 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(2):120-128

A new approach, combining ¹⁵NH₄⁺ isotope dilution and continuous-flow techniques, provided estimates of “actual” and “net” NH₄⁺ flux and sediment NH₄⁺ demand (SAD) at the sediment-water interface (SWI) of sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOMEX). The sites included a hypoxic site (C6), two sites with intermediate oxygen levels (B7 and F5), and a normoxic site (CT). Control cores without isotope addition and other cores from the same site treated with ¹⁵NH₄⁺ labeled overflowing water differentiated between net and actual regeneration flux and actual vs. potential uptake flux of NH₄⁺. Experiments were conducted in 2008 before (July) and after (September) two successive hurricanes (Gustav and Ike) and in January and August, 2009. Actual regeneration was significantly higher than net flux at most sites. Net flux did not differ significantly in most sites/dates, but the actual regeneration, and the actual and potential uptake, showed temporal and spatial variation; the flux at the hypoxic site was more active than non-hypoxic sites. SAD, the difference between potential and actual NH₄⁺ uptake flux, was higher at the hypoxic site than at non-hypoxic sites before and after the hurricanes in 2008 and during the hypoxia season in 2009. SAD related negatively to bottom water DO values. Conclusions: (1) net flux often underestimated actual regeneration, (2) hurricane activity decreased N dynamics, and (3) microbial N limitation status at the hypoxic site related to NH₄⁺ removal processes that were independent of oxygen (e.g., anaerobic heterotrophic uptake or anammox). These results indicate a rather consistent NH₄⁺ demand at the SWI during the hypoxic season and suggest that reduced nitrogen may limit microbial dynamics in the region.  相似文献   

邦铺钼(铜)矿床二长花岗斑岩、黑云二长花岗岩锆石Hf同位素和Ce4+/Ce3+比值   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

罗茂澄  王立强  冷秋锋  陈伟 《矿床地质》2011,30(2):266-278

文章对邦铺钼(铜)矿区产出的中新世二长花岗斑岩[(16.23±0.19)Ma]及古新世黑云二长花岗岩[(62.1±1.9)Ma]的锆石进行了微量元素和Hf同位素组成的研究.锆石Hf原位分析表明,邦铺钼(铜)矿区含矿二长花岗斑岩、成矿前黑云二长花岗岩的176Hf/177Hf比值分别为0.282 818～0.282 904...  相似文献   

Discovery of type I X-ray bursts from the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1708 – 40     

S. Migliari  T. Di Salvo  T. Belloni  M. van der Klis  R. P. Fender  S. Campana  C. Kouveliotou  M. Méndez  W. H. G. Lewin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,342(3):909-914

We report the discovery of type I X-ray bursts from the low-mass X-ray binary  4U 1708 − 40  during the 100-ks observation performed by BeppoSAX on 1999 August 15–16. Six X-ray bursts have been observed. The unabsorbed 2–10 keV fluxes of the bursts range from ∼3 to  9 × 10⁻¹⁰ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹  . A correlation between peak flux and fluence of the bursts is found, in agreement with the behaviour observed in other similar sources. There is a trend of the burst flux to increase with the time interval from the previous burst. From the value of the persistent flux we infer a mass accretion rate     , which may correspond to the mixed hydrogen/helium burning regime triggered by thermally unstable hydrogen. We have also analysed a BeppoSAX observation performed on 2001 August 22 and previous RXTE observations of  4U 1708 − 40  , where no bursts have been observed; we find persistent fluxes of more than a factor of 7 higher than the persistent flux observed during the BeppoSAX observation showing X-ray bursts.  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷构造演化     

席云飞  李忠权  杭文艳  王适择 《云南地质》2013,(4):480-483

基于地震剖面,运用平衡剖面复原技术,将贝尔凹陷划分4个形成期：断陷期（铜钵庙组、南屯组）、断坳期（大磨拐河组、伊敏组）、坳陷期（青元岗组）和萎缩期（新生代）;4个改造期：南屯组一段及南屯组二段沉积末期张扭变形期、伊敏组沉积末期张扭变形期和青元岗组沉积末期反转变形期.  相似文献