Dynamics of fatty acids in newly biosynthesized phytoplankton cells and seston during a spring bloom off the west coast of Hokkaido Island, Japan     

K. H. Shin  T. Hama  N. Yoshie  S. Noriki  S. Tsunogai 《Marine Chemistry》2000,70(4):11

¹³C uptake experiments were carried out at a station off the west coast of Hokkaido Island, Japan, during the period between late winter and spring bloom in 1997. The composition of newly biosynthesized particulate fatty acids was determined using a ¹³C tracer and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (¹³C GC/MS), and compared with that of particulate matter (seston). Two fatty acid compositional ratios revealed that diatoms biomass (16:1(n−7)/16:0, ∑C₁₆/∑C₁₈) were strikingly high in new cells compared with seston on 17 April, coinciding with the dominance of fucoxanthin. In this study, the Polyunsaturation Index (a measure of the percentage of C₁₆ fatty acids that are polyunsaturated) in new cells is generally close to that in seston, while there was a notable discrepancy between new cells and seston in surface (10 m) waters on 17 April. This large difference between new cells and seston is ascribed to: (1) an increase of newly synthesized storage lipids (mainly 16:0 and 16:1) induced by nitrogen limitation in the top 10 m of the water column; (2) an addition of earlier synthesized phytoplankton cells (high Polyunsaturation Index at logarithmic growth stage) and non-phytoplankton components (detritus and bacteria and zooplankton) into seston. The highest Polyunsaturation Index of C₁₆ fatty acids in seston (33%) occurred at 100 m water depth. This may be caused by “settling planktonic aggregates” or “diatom resting spores”. In the present study, it is reasonable to suggest that the Polyunsaturation Index of C₁₆ fatty acids can be a useful indicator for the ecophysiological state of marine diatom populations.  相似文献   

氮源和N/P对眼点拟微球藻的生长、总脂含量和脂肪酸组成的影响   总被引：22，自引：3，他引：19  

魏东  张学成  隋正红  徐怀恕 《海洋科学》2000,24(7):46-51

报道了ＮａＮＯ３,ＮＨ４Ｃｌ和ＮＨ４ＮＯ３种氮源及Ｎ／Ｐ对海洋微藻眼点拟微球藻（Ｎａｎｎｏｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｓｉｓ ｏｃｕｌａｔａ）的生长、总脂含量和脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明,Ｎ／Ｐ从１０增加到９０,对细胸生长的影响不大,总脂含量最终都稳定在干重的２０％左右。１６：０、１６：Ｉｎ－９和２０：５ｎ－３（ＥＰＡ）是脂肪酸的主要组成,三者之和占总脂肪酸的７０％～８０％。在培养基Ｎ／Ｐ〉２０时,２０：５０ｎ  相似文献   

几种化合物改变纤维海泡石对红细胞毒性初探     

邓建军  董发勤  吴逢春  李国武  赵世泉  庄稼 《岩石矿物学杂志》2000,19(3):254-257

纤维海泡石对红细胞有毒性。本文采用阳离子交换、Ｇａｍｂｌｅ溶液、有机酸及尼古丁处理纤维海泡石,观察处理前后红细胞的溶血率及指质过氧化的主要产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的变化。结果显示：经过阳离子交换及Ｇａｍｂｌｅ溶液处理,纤维海泡石对红细胞的毒性显著降低,其机制可能是延长了界／膜形成时间,降低了脂质过氧化的强度;有毒物质,如尼古丁的参与则增强了海泡石对红细胞的毒性;有机酸处理对红细胞的毒性影响不明显。  相似文献   

Abundance, Sources and Speciation of Trace Elements in Humus-Rich Streams Affected by Acid Sulphate Soils   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Mats Åström  Nina Corin 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2000,6(3):367-383

The behaviour of trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr,Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Zn) was studied in five humus-richstreams (dissolved organic carbon = 14–40 mg/L)impacted by acid sulphate soils developed in marinesulphide-bearing fine-grained sediments. During heavyrainfalls in autumn, on which the study focusses, themetals Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn are extensivelyleached from these acidic soils (pH = 2.5–4.5), whileAs, Cr, Fe and V are not leached more strongly fromthis soil type than from areas of till and peat. Aspeciation experiment, based on anion and cationexchange of the stream waters in the field, showedthat (1) the metals Al, Cd, Co, Mn, Ni and Zn aretransported in the streams mainly as inorganiccations, (2) Cu exists mainly in cationic form but isalso to a significant extent associated with dissolvedhumic substances, (3) Fe occurs mainly in the anionicfraction explained by organic coating on colloidal Feoxyhydoxides and (4) the hydrochemistry of As, Cr andV is complex as these elements may exist in severalunquantified anionic fractions and to a minor extentin cationic species/forms. Whereas the proportion ofacid sulphate soils in the catchments had a largeimpact on concentrations levels of several elements inthe stream waters, these soils did not have a largeaffect on the speciation of elements in water.  相似文献   

养殖大黄鱼生化组份的分析   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

全成干  王军  丁少雄  苏永全 《台湾海峡》2000,19(2):197-200

本文测定了厦门火烧屿养殖大黄鱼成、幼鱼肌肉中蛋白质、脂类和糖类等生化组份,并计算其比能值;分析了肌肉蛋白南中１７种常见氨基酸的含量。结果表明：成鱼肌肉蛋白质占１８．９％（湿重比,下同）脂类为３．１１％,糖类为１．６２％,水份占７５．３０％,灰份为０．９５％。比能值为５．９７ＫＪ／ｇ,Ｅ／Ｐ值为３１．６２ＫＪ／ｇ。幼鱼肌肉中占７５．３０％,灰份为０．９５％。比值为５．９８ＫＪ／ｇ,Ｅ／Ｐ值为３１．６  相似文献   

Effects of indole-3-acetic acid and zinc on the growth, osmotic potential and soluble carbon and nitrogen components of soybean plants growing under water deficit     

M. A. A. Gadallah 《Journal of Arid Environments》2000,44(4):451

Three-week old soybean (Glycine max) plants were subjected to a factorial combination of four regimes of soil matric water potential (ψ_m=−0·03, −0·5, −1·0 and −1·5 MPa), two levels of supplementary Zn (O and 20 mgl⁻¹) and two levels of foliar IAA application (O and 10 mgl⁻¹). Under control conditions (no Zn, no IAA), increasing soil drying progressively retarded shoot and root growth (length and dry mass production), reduced leaf relative water content (RWC) and decreased the contents of chlorophyll (Chl) and shoot soluble sugars (SS), but increased soluble sugar content of roots and lowered osmotic water potential of shoots and roots (osmotic adjustment). Total free amino acid (TAA) content increased in shoots but decreased in roots whereas contents of soluble proteins (SP) decreased in shoots and roots. The effect of water stress was statistically significant (p<0·05) and had a major effect (as indicated by η²values) on leaf RWC, shoot and root dry masses and osmotic potential. Supplementary Zn improved root growth at all levels of stress and shoot growth under severe stress. Improvement of growth was positively correlated with the internal tissue Zn concentrations (r=0·91 and 0·86 for shoot and 0·94 and 0·82 for root length and dry mass respectively). Exogenous IAA raised (p<0·05) RWC, Chl, DM (slightly), root SS, and SP, whereas shoot TAA was lowered. Effects on root TAA and shoot SS were more complex: they were lowered at zero stress and raised under severe stress. IAA and Zn in combination had additive effects on Chl, growth and osmotic potential, but their combined effects on SP and TAA were more complex. It is concluded that the treatment of soybean plants grown under conditions of low soil water potentials and Zn deficiency with Zn and IAA solutions counteracted the deleterious effects of stress, especially at high stress levels, and helped stressed plants to grow successfully under these adverse unfavourable conditions.  相似文献   

淤泥固化处理中有机物成分的影响   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

朱伟  曾科林  张春雷 《岩土力学》2008,29(1):33-36

针对有机质对疏浚淤泥固化处理效果产生的影响,研究有机质的主要成分腐殖酸对水泥固化的影响。研究表明,腐殖酸对水泥的水化具有抑制作用,腐殖酸含量对淤泥固化土的无侧限抗压强度和破坏应变的影响存在一个极限含量（3.62 %）,超过这一极限含量,随腐殖酸含量的增加固化土的强度和破坏应变几乎不再变化。同时,研究结果表明,随着腐殖酸含量的增加,固化土塑性增强。  相似文献   

烟台海域柄海鞘的生长状况及营养成分分析     

姜爱莉  刘雪梅  王长海 《海洋通报》2005,24(3):13-16

对烟台海域的海鞘优势种——柄海鞘的生长状况及营养成份进行了初步研究,发现柄海鞘的体重及外形随季节的变化较大,以3—6月最盛。营养成分中,蛋白质含量以3月和6月最高,而脂肪在9月的柄海鞘体内含量较高。柄海鞘的油脂大约含有15种脂肪酸,其中6月和9月柄海鞘中的EPA、DHA的含量较高。而且柄海鞘的油脂、EPA和DHA等多不饱和脂肪酸主要集中于它的内囊。  相似文献   

两种氨基酸衍生化方法的比较研究     

李红燕  蔡德陵  苏远峰 《海洋科学进展》2004,22(3):346-351

氨基酸的衍生化过程是气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比值质谱法(GC/C/IRMS)测定单体氨基酸碳稳定同位素组成方法中的关键步骤之一。采用了2种氨基酸衍生化方法分别对17种标准氨基酸进行衍生化处理：一种是氨基酸N-乙酰基正丙酯(NAP)法,另一种是氨基酸N-三氟乙酰基异丙酯(TFAIP)法。通过测量17种氨基酸衍生化前后的稳定碳同位素组成,比较了每种方法的重复性及衍生化过程中的同位素分馏作用的大小。结果说明氨基酸N-三氟乙酰基异丙酯(TFAIP)法是一种较为理想的氨基酸衍生化方法。  相似文献   

梯度淋洗法在雪冰样品有机酸测试分析中的应用     

崔晓庆  任贾文  刘伟刚  王晓香 《冰川冻土》2006,28(3):360-363

离子色谱法是分析有机酸的有效方法之一,而梯度淋洗可一次分离与固定相亲合力差异较大的多种有机酸和无机阴离子,改善离子的色谱峰形,提高分离度和选择性.雪冰是记录有机酸的良好载体,对雪冰中有机酸的研究可认识过去大气中相应化合物含量及其变化,从而恢复过去生态环境和气候变化.利用Dx-600离子色谱仪及外加水梯度洗脱程序对南极雪冰样品中的有机酸离子组分进行了测试和分析,初步探讨雪冰中有机酸离子特征及其对雪冰化学记录的影响.  相似文献