NIZUSE: a deep seismic reflection line in north-eastern Germany     

Wolfgang Horst  Michael Börngen  Ernst R. flueh 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1994,83(1):161-169

Out of a dense network of seismic reflection lines for hydrocarbon exploration in the North-east German Basin, several lines were recorded to 12 s TWT to obtain information about the structure of the crust and the crust-mantle transition. One of these profiles is presented here. This stretches for 110 km in a NNE direction between Neustrelitz and the island of Usedom. It reaches from the External Variscides in the south across the North German Massif into the Rügen-Pomorze Terrane in the Baltic Sea. Below Cenozoic-Mesozoic-Paleozoic cover with clear reflections down to base Zechstein, the reflectivity varies considerably with depth and also laterally. The Paleozoic and Precambrian sediments and basement are generally void of reflections, but the lower crust and the Moho show strong reflections. To the north the reflectivity decreases, and the Moho depth increases to beyond the bottom of the record section at 12 s. There are no direct indications for deep-reaching faults such as the Trans-European Fault in the north. The North German Massif acted as a ramp towards the Variscan Orogeny, similar to the London-Brabant Massif further west.  相似文献   

Investigation of permeable fracture zones by tube-wave analysis     

Y. D. Li  W. Rabbel  R. Wang 《Geophysical Journal International》1994,116(3):739-753

  相似文献   

Deep seismic reflection profiling revealing the complex crustal structure of the Tongling ore district     

L Qingtian  HOU Zengqian  ZHAO Jinhua  SHI Danian  WU Xuanzhi  CHANG Yinfo  PEI Rongfu  HUANG Dongding & KUANG Chaoyang . Institute of Mineral Resources  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing  China  . The Sixth Geophysical Exploration Brigade  Petroleum Bureau of East China  Nanjing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(3)

Deep seismic reflection profiling has been the dominant method for probing the deep structure of continental crust since the initiation of the COCORP in 1974[1,2]. Over the past few decades, this tool has been applied to diverse geologic features from the Appalachian area of the United States, to the Rhine-graben area in Western Europe and to the Tibetan Pla-teau[36]. In recent years, the Australian Geodynamic Cooperative Research Center ( AGCRC ) has applied this technique to the stu…  相似文献   

A three-dimensional variational ocean data assimilation system:Scheme and preliminary results   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

ZHU Jiang  ZHOU Guangqing  YAN Changxiang  FU Weiwei  YOU Xiaobao 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(11):1212-1222

A new 3DVAR-based Ocean Variational Analysis System (OVALS) is developed. OVALS is capable of assimilating in situ sea water temperature and salinity observations and satellite altimetry data. As a component of OVALS, a new variational scheme is proposed to assimilate the sea surface height data. This scheme considers both the vertical correlation of background errors and the nonlinear temperature-salinity relationship which is derived from the generalization of the linear balance constraints to the nonlinear in the 3DVAR. By this scheme, the model temperature and salinity fields are directly adjusted from the altimetry data. Additionally, OVALS can assimilate the temperature and salinity profiles from the ARGO floats which have been implemented in recent years and some temperature and salinity data such as from expendable bathythermograph, moored ocean buoys, etc. A 21-year assimilation experiment is carried out by using OVALS and the Tropical Pacific circulation model. The results show that the assimilation system may effectively improve the estimations of temperature and salinity by assimilating all kinds of observations. Moreover, the root mean square errors of temperature and salinity in the upper depth less than 420 m reach 0.63℃ and 0.34 psu.  相似文献   

邢台7.2级地震震源区的电磁阵列剖面法测量与电性特征研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

邓前辉  张木生 《地球物理学报》1998,41(2):218-225

为了取得邢台地震区地壳细结构,对该区进行了综合地球物理方法探测,其中电磁阵列剖面法（EMAP）测量在我国尚属首次．EMAP剖面穿过邢台7．2级地震区,经过EMAP阻抗求取、空间滤波处理和二维反演解释,剖面显示出清晰的地壳电性细结构特征：4km以上电性简单,4-20km深度电性复杂;震源区电性复杂,非源区简单;发震深度变化复杂;震源区电性突变,显示隐伏高角度断裂,高寻层不连续部位为发震部位．其观测结果对于了解该区的构造背景、发震构造和深部构造的关系有重要意义．  相似文献   

俄歇电子谱学在地球化学中的应用     

李一良  魏春生 《地学前缘》1998,5(2):311-323

俄歇电子谱（ＡＥＳ）在研究ｎｍ厚度表面层物质的主量和微量元素组成有广泛用途。ＡＥＳ可以观察到高放大倍率的表面组构和形貌,其极端表面灵敏度、极好的侧向分辨率使它能够在μｍ尺度上对矿物表面不同的晶畴进行化学分析,证明在矿物单个表面上存在侧向不均一性。ＡＥＳ不仅在扫描模式下可检测痕量的二次相,也可用来分析直径在μｍ尺度的几个ｎｍ厚度的产物,同样ＡＥＳ在测定热爆低盐度流体包裹体极薄的盐膜时也显示出独特的能力。ＡＥＳ最有潜力的地质应用是可以在侧向分辨率为μｍ级时得到ｎｍ尺度上的深度剖面。用ＡＥＳ得到的深度剖面对于研究化学风化作用是很重要的,因为它们直接提供了反应随深度的变化规律。俄歇谱结合ＸＰＳ研究提供对矿物流体界面输运机制的研究方法和矿物流体之间的反应机制。  相似文献   

延庆─怀来地区地壳细结构──利用深地震反射剖面          下载免费PDF全文

张先康  王椿镛  刘国栋  宋建立  罗力雷  吴涛  吴建春 《地球物理学报》1996,(3)

１９９２年底在延庆－怀来地区实施了深地震反射剖面测量，目的是通过对该区地壳细结构的研究来探讨延庆－怀来盆地形成演化的机制和过程，以及与该区地震活动图像的关系．结果表明，研究区上部地壳总体上呈“透明”性质，厚２５－２６ｋｍ；下部地壳具有强烈的反射性质，厚约１４－１５ｋｍ．壳幔过渡带是由双程走时约２ｓ和厚约５－６ｋｍ的水平反射叠层所组成，莫霍界面具有深度深（约３９－４０ｋｍ）和平坦的特点。  相似文献   

Environmental applications of magnetometry profiling   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P. J. Gibson  P. Lyle  D. M. George 《Environmental Geology》1996,27(3):178-183

Environmental impact assessment is currently a standard procedure for assessing the possible consequences of any particular activity that may cause degradation of the environment. Magnetometry profiling, which involves accurate measurements of the Earth's magnetic field at closely spaced stations is a technique that has a large number of environmental applications that can greatly improve this assessment. The technique has been applied successfully for waste disposal site evaluation, toxic waste detection, assessment of the quality of roadstone before excavations and can provide information that allows subsurface water movement models to be refined. Magnetometry profiling is inexpensive, nondestructive, and a very costeffective method of acquiring useful information about the environment.  相似文献   

从地震折射和反射剖面结果讨论唐山地震成因   总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17       下载免费PDF全文

曾融生  陆涵行  丁志峰 《地球物理学报》1988,31(4):383-398

通过唐山震中的地震测深以及深反射剖面,揭示了唐山震源区的浅部及深部构造图象,它与以往的推测很不相同。 唐山东面的开平向斜属中生代构造,探测的结果表明,向斜轴是一近于直立的地壳断裂。唐山地震时的水平地形变主要是由开平地壳断裂的位移引起的,它是北北东-南南西向右旋走滑断裂。开平地壳断裂西面的陡河断层是一自地表向南东方向下插的正断层,断层倾角为26°,延伸至5km深处。陡河正断层刚好插到唐山市震中区的正下方。唐山地震时的垂直地形变主要是由陡河正断层的滑动引起的。 野鸡坨-丰台断层通过震源区的西部边缘,断层以西的第四纪沉积层,在过去一百万年间曾经沿北北东方向水平滑移15km,表明它也是一个右旋的走滑断层。但是它在近代数百年间并无地震活动,唐山地震时该断层的滑动亦不明显。 开平地壳断裂和陡河正断层在唐山地震时同时滑动,说明地震的作用力除区域水平构造力外,地壳上方还存在一个附加的引张力。在开平断裂处,上部地壳的反射面倾角杂乱,而且在它的正下方,莫霍界面明显错断,因此,地幔顶部的热物质可能自开平地壳断裂中上升。热物质产生的热应力在地壳上方可表现为张应力,而在地壳下方却表现为压应力,这与反射地震剖面图的现象相符合。开平地壳断裂中热物质的上升对地震的产生有  相似文献   

Study　on　Fine　Crustal　Structure　of　the　Sanhe-Pinggu　Earthquake　（M8.0）　Region　by　Deep　Seismic　Reflection　Profiling   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Zhang Xiankang  Zhao Jinren  Liu Guohu  Song Wenrong  Liu Baojin  Zhao Chengbin  Cheng Shuangxi  Liu Jian  Gu Menglin  Sun Zhenguo 《中国地震研究》2003,17(2):122-133

Two near-vertical deep seismic reflection profiles (140km-long, 24-fold) were completed in the 1679 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake (M8.0) region. The profiles ran through the Xiadian fault and the Ershilichangshan fault. The profiling result shows that the crust in this region is divided into the upper crust, the lower crust and the crust-mantle transitional zone by two powerful laminated reflectors: one at the two-way travel-time of about 7.0s (21 km), the other at about11.0～12.5s (33～37km). Crustal structure varies significantly in vertical direction. The shallow part is characterized by obvious stratification, multilayers and complexity. The upper crust on the whole features reflection “transparency“, while the lower crust features distinct reflectivity. Crustal structure also varies a lot in the lateral direction. The main fracture in this region is the deep fault under the Xiadian fault. This deep fault is steeply inclined (nearly vertical), and is supposed to be the causative fault of the Sanhe-Pinggu MS.0 earthquake. The two profiles respectively reveal the existence of local strong reflectivity in the lower crust and the lower part of the upper crust, which is assumed to be a dike or rock mass formed by the upwelling and cooling down of materials from the upper mantle. Magmatic activity in this part brought about differences in regional stress distribution, which then gave rise to the formation of the deep fault. That is supposed to be the deep structural setting for the Sanhe-Pinggu M8.0 earthquake.  相似文献