Maximising efficiency,marginalising equity: a genealogy of Australian wheat export market deregulation and ‘the good farmer’     

Patrick O’Keeffe 《The Australian geographer》2018,49(4):497-515

ABSTRACT

The Australian government deregulated the wheat export market in 2008, ending 60 years of statutory wheat marketing by the Australian Wheat Board (AWB). In this article, I explore the discursive shifts which contributed to this change. I adopt a genealogical approach to this research, by collecting and analysing policy documents produced between 1983 and 2012, to understand how truths—such as efficiency, competition and the ‘good farmer’—were constructed and reproduced to facilitate wheat export market deregulation in Australia. Through analysing the case of wheat export market deregulation, and the process by which this shift was made possible, this article contributes more broadly to research examining the neoliberalisation of Australian rural industries, and the discursive construction of norms, values and identities to facilitate these changes.  相似文献   

Does hostility affect public support for the provision of global public goods among competing neighboring countries? A survey experiment in Northeast Asia     

《Global Environmental Change》2022

Cooperation beyond the borders of sovereign states and investment in global public goods (GPGs) are essential for tackling transboundary challenges, such as climate change, marine pollution, and health security. However, little is known about how regional tension or isolationism might affect cooperation with neighboring countries on transboundary issues. Thus, in this study, using a conjoint experiment of representative samples from members of the public in Japan, China, and South Korea, we investigated: 1) public support for GPGs using the case of trilateral cooperation for the establishment of common global funds among Japan, China, and South Korea; and 2) the extent to which hostility toward neighboring countries affects such public support. The results showed that Chinese people had lower hostility toward neighboring countries and higher public support. Both Japanese and South Koreans had higher hostility. Meanwhile, public support was lower in Japan but moderate in South Korea. These results suggest that hostility toward neighboring countries affects public support for GPGs. The stronger the hostility toward neighboring countries is, the lower the public support for international cooperation becomes. However, the mechanisms of these effects are complex. Generally, hostility toward a government has more negative effects than hostility toward people of the same country. Furthermore, the present study provides important insights based on the findings that Chinese strongly supported building GPGs with neighboring countries, and people in all three countries somewhat supported equal sharing of the financial burden. However, authorization mechanisms for GPGs are essential, because citizens most supported GPGs managed by their home country. Thus, adopting authorization mechanisms to mutually manage funds is essential for widening public support for GPGs.  相似文献   

甘肃李坝金矿区强水敏分散剥落地层冲洗液的选型与使用          下载免费PDF全文

何玉云  王发民  熊正强  曹学斌  王文林 《探矿工程》2016,43(4):59-62

李坝金矿区位于甘肃省陇南市礼县,为甘肃的中型金矿床之一。矿区地层复杂,存在多层构造角砾岩及千枚岩,吸水易分散剥落导致孔壁坍塌。针对矿区地层特点,采用具有良好隔水及强抑制性特点的成膜防塌无固相冲洗液护壁,钻进效率高,共完成钻探工作量2000余米,成功地解决了该矿区遇水易分散剥落地层的孔壁坍塌问题,并显著提高了取心率与取心质量。  相似文献   

内蒙古桃-阿海子的生境演替与水鸟群落的兴衰   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

何芬奇  任永奇  郭玉民 《湿地科学与管理》2015,11(2):54-58

桃力庙-阿拉善湾海子是内蒙古西部鄂尔多斯高原上一个水面曾为10 km2的荒漠咸水湖泊,因其在20世纪90年代承载了遗鸥最大繁殖群,于2002年被认定为全球第1148号国际重要湿地。随后,干旱少雨加之严重的人为干扰使桃-阿海子趋于干涸,遗鸥繁殖群于2004年放弃该地点而迁居他地,2005年当地水鸟群落彻底消失。数年后,桃-阿海子干涸湖底发育起碱蓬群落。自2011年蓑羽鹤在其间营巢繁殖,且数量逐年增多,并出现蓑羽鹤非繁殖群在此停歇与栖居。在鄂尔多斯高原东部已干涸的湖泊中,桃-阿海子是唯一一处在其湖底碱蓬群落发育后进而成为大型鸟类繁殖与栖息生境的地点,它将以何种方式演替值得关注。  相似文献   

海绵共附生微生物中具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性菌株的筛选与初步鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

查鑫垚  靳翠丽  陈毓遒  缪莉  朱晓雯  周晓见 《台湾海峡》2012,31(3):380-386

通过建立α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂筛选模型,对美国圣璜岛海域海绵共附生微生物发酵产物进行活性筛选.其中,α-葡萄糖苷酶活性测试反应体系是在96孔酶标板中进行,在α-葡萄糖苷酶浓度为0.008 U/cm3,pH值为6.8,反应温度为37℃及测定生成物波长为405 nm的基础上,优化筛选模型.结果表明,模型的最佳筛选条件:底物PNPG的浓度为10 mmol/dm3、活性测试反应时间为25min,样品溶剂DMSO含量为2%(V/V).以α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂阿卡波糖作为阳性对照样品,根据优化后的抑制活性筛选模型对212株海绵共附生微生物的粗提物样品进行筛选.结果表明:19株微生物的粗提物抑制率大于50%;其中,抑制活性最高的5株菌株的粗提物,在浓度为0.4、0.6、0.8 mg/cm3时,其抑制活性均在70%以上,远远高于阿卡波糖的最高抑制率58%(1.6 mg/cm3).其中菌株HY936粗提物浓度在0.4 mg/cm3时,仍具有很高的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率79.3%.通过16SrDNA序列测定与分析,鉴定该菌株为坚强芽孢杆菌(Bacillus firmus).坚强芽孢杆菌代谢产物能显著抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性,这为研制新型α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂提供了有力的线索,对坚强芽孢杆菌有待作进一步的研究.  相似文献   

Organochlorine contaminants in endangered Hawaiian monk seals from four subpopulations in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands     

Ylitalo GM  Myers M  Stewart BS  Yochem PK  Braun R  Kashinsky L  Boyd D  Antonelis GA  Atkinson S  Aguirre AA  Krahn MM 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(2):231-244

We analyzed blubber and blood samples for organochlorines (OCs) from 158 Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi) at four of their six primary breeding colonies in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Levels of OCs in blubber were lower in adult females compared to juveniles or adult males, evidently owing to the transfer of these lipophilic compounds to pups by pregnant and lactating females. Concentrations of SigmaPCBs and p,p'-DDE in blubber generally increased with age until seals were sexually mature and then continued to increase with age in males after puberty. Average levels of PCBs and PCB toxic equivalents (TEQs) in blubber were significantly higher in adult male and juvenile seals at Midway Atoll than the same age class of seals at the other colonies. Unlike concentrations of OCs in blubber, circulating levels of OCs in blood did not vary consistently among age classes of seals or among breeding colonies. Though the concentrations of OCs measured in Hawaiian monk seals were generally equal to or lower than those reported for other pinniped species in the North Pacific Ocean, they were high enough in a few seals to potentially affect their health.  相似文献   

一种新的节理裂隙岩体弹塑性模型   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨万托  余天堂 《岩土力学》2003,24(2):270-272

提出一种节理裂隙岩体弹塑性模型,将结构划分为块体单元和缝单元,其中缝单元可以是实际节理裂隙,也可以是人为缝单元。以块体单元形心的刚体位移和块体的平均应变作为基本未知量。该模型能充分考虑节理裂隙材料和块体材料的本构关系,计算量不大,是一种位移不协调单元。该模型特别适合节理裂隙岩体的数值分析。  相似文献   

温、盐度及营养盐对不同藻株塔玛亚历山大藻生长的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方琦  顾海峰  蓝东兆  黄元辉 《海洋通报》2006,25(6):20-25

利用2001年11月至2003年2月从长江口、闽江口和北部湾水域表层沉积物中分离的休眠孢囊,萌发获得三株塔玛亚历山大藻,并研究了温度、盐度、营养盐对它们生长的影响。实验结果表明,来源于三个不同海区的藻株在水温32℃的条件下均无法存活,温度对长江口藻株(ATDH01)及广西北部湾藻株(ATGX02)的生长有极显著影响(P<0.01),而对闽江口藻株(ATMJ02)的生长无显著影响(P>0.05)。不同海区的藻株,其生长特性有明显差异,ATDH01藻株最适生长温度为24℃,最适生长盐度为30,且在盐度15和35仍有较高的生长率;而ATMJ02藻株及ATGX02藻株最适生长温度分别为24℃和20℃,最适生长盐度范围为20～30,盐度超出此范围生长率明显降低。ATDH01藻株的生长繁殖能力最强。营养盐对三个不同海区藻株生长的影响基本一致,在低P(1.2μmol/L)组中,三株藻的指数生长期较短,细胞密度明显的低于f/2组;而在低N(44μmol/L)组中,虽然在培养初期,三株藻的细胞生长明显快于f/2组,但在生长后期由于氮的限制,最终细胞密度仍低于f/2组。  相似文献   

增长模叠加方式及其对集合预报初始扰动的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张立凤  于永锋 《高原气象》2007,26(1):75-82

用增长模繁殖法(BGM)有效地构造集合预报初始扰动的一个前提是, 任两个扰动之间应尽可能的发散.本文从增长模发展和饱和的角度分析了增长模叠加方式与集合预报初始扰动"取样性"的关系, 无论是从扰动形势演变得出的定性结论还是定量计算的结果都显示: 在相同初始模的情况下, 通过改变扰动叠加方式分别构造多个扰动样本的做法是近似等效的.用这种方法增加的集合样本从"取样性"的角度来看是没有多大意义的, 更多的是在浪费有限的计算资源.构造多个初值的有效方法应该是从不同初始模出发进行增长模的繁殖.  相似文献   

Formulation of reference solutions for compaction process in sedimentary basins     

Paulo Sérgio B. Lemos  André Brüch  Samir Maghous 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(16):2135-2166

This paper is devoted to the development of semianalytical solutions for the deformation induced by gravitational compaction in sedimentary basins. Formulated within the framework of coupled plasticity–viscoplasticity at large strains, the modeling dedicates special emphasis to the effects of material densification associated with large irreversible porosity changes on the stiffness and hardening of the sediment material. At material level, the purely mechanical compaction taking place in the upper layers of the basin is handled in the context of finite elastoplasticity, whereas the viscoplastic component of behavior is intended to address creep-like deformation resulting from chemo-mechanical that prevails at deeper layers. Semianalytical solutions describing the evolution of mechanical state of the sedimentary basin along both the accretion and postaccretion periods are presented in the simplified oedometric setting. These solutions can be viewed as reference solutions for verification and benchmarks of basin simulators. The proposed approach may reveal suitable for parametric analyses because it requires only standard mathematics-based software for PDE system resolution. The numerical illustrations provide a quantitative comparison between the derived solutions and finite element predictions from an appropriate basin simulator, thus showing the ability of the approach to accurately capture essential features of basin deformation.  相似文献