排序方式： 共有71条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
P. F. L.Maxted T. R.Marsh C. K. J.Moran 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,332(3):745-753
Short-period double degenerates (DDs) are close white dwarf–white dwarf binary stars which are the result of the evolution of interacting binary stars. We present the first definitive measurements of the mass ratio for two DDs, WD 0136+768 and WD 1204+450, and an improved measurement of the mass ratio for WD 0957−666. We compare the properties of the six known DDs with measured mass ratios to the predictions of various theoretical models. We confirm the result that standard models for the formation of DDs do not predict sufficient DDs with mass ratios close to 1. We also show that the observed difference in cooling ages between white dwarfs in DDs is a useful constraint on the initial mass ratio of the binary. A more careful analysis of the properties of the white dwarf pair WD 1704+481.2 leads us to conclude that the brighter white dwarf is older than its fainter companion. This is the opposite of the usual case for DDs and is caused by the more massive white dwarf being smaller and cooling faster. The mass ratio in the sense (mass of younger star)/(mass of older star) is then 1.43±0.06 rather than the value of 0.70±0.03 given previously. 相似文献
62.
黄芩苷对中国对虾细胞色素P450酶及谷光甘肽-S-转移酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用紫外分光光度法及荧光分光光度法测定中国对虾肝胰腺及鳃氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶(APND)、乙氧基香豆素-O-脱乙基酶(ECOD)、谷光甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)几种药物代谢酶的活性,探讨黄芩苷对上述几种酶活性的影响.实验结果表明,中国对虾肝胰腺和鳃丝APND活性分别为3.172和2.242 nmol/(min·mgprotein~(-1))、ECOD活性分别为0.325 0和0.357 9 pmol/(min·mgprotein-~(-1))、GST活性分别为70.59和13.97 nmol/(min·mgprotein~(-1)).中国对虾连续7 d投喂黄芩苷药饵(100 mg/kg)后,黄芩苷对几种酶均有不同程度的诱导作用,酶的活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势.肝胰腺和鳃丝APND活性均在3 h左右达到最高,ECOD活性均在1 h左右达到最高,而GST活性迟于CYP450酶被诱导,2种组织GST活性分别在6,12 h达到最高水平.在临床用药中应考虑到黄芩苷对药物代谢酶的诱导作用,适当用药,合理配伍. 相似文献
63.
Mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed to different concentrations of estradiol (20, 200, and 2000 ng/l) in a semi-static regime (1-day dosing intervals) for up to 7 days in an attempt to see how mussels dealt with exogenous estrogenic compounds. Sex hormone levels were determined in whole tissue. Free-estradiol was only significantly elevated at the highest exposure dose (up to 10-fold). Most of the estradiol was in the tissues as fatty acid esters (>78%), which sharply increased in a dose-dependent manner (from 4 ng/g in controls to 258 ng/g at the high exposure group). In contrast, neither free nor esterified testosterone levels showed significant differences between control and exposure groups. The results suggest the existence of mechanisms that allow mussels to maintain their hormonal status, and the important role that fatty acid esterification may play within those mechanisms. Synthesis and conjugation rates of estradiol were further investigated by measuring the activity of P450 aromatase, and palmitoyl-CoA:estradiol acyltransferase, in digestive gland microsomal fractions. Overall, the study contributes to the better knowledge of molluscan endocrinology, and defines new mechanisms of regulation of free steroid-levels in mussels. 相似文献
64.
Information about the expression of CYP1A in wildlife species is essential for understanding the impact of organochlorine exposure on the health status of an exposed population. Therefore, we aimed at characterising a putative CYP1A enzyme expression in both hepatic and extrahepatic tissues of ringed and grey seals from the Baltic Sea and from less polluted waters. The cellular localisation of CYP1A was identified using a monoclonal antibody against scup P4501A1 (MAb 1-12-3). Immunohistochemical staining showed the highest level of CYP1A expression in liver hepatocytes, and the second highest level in the endothelial cells of capillaries and larger blood vessels in the liver and other organs. The most frequent and strongest staining was found in Baltic ringed seals. Although CYP1A-positive staining was observed in only a few tissues in the other seal populations, it was more intense in Baltic grey seals than in Canadian grey seals. The CYP1A enzyme activity, expressed as ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD), followed a similar tissue distribution and geographical pattern as the immunohistochemistry with clearly elevated EROD activities in most tissues of both Baltic seal populations. Immunochemical characterisation by immunoblotting confirmed the presence and elevation pattern of a putative CYP1A protein in ringed and grey seals, supporting our findings using other methods. The evenly distributed elevation of CYP1A expression among most of the tissues examined indicates that Baltic seals are exposed to CYP1A inducing agents affecting the whole body. This may result in an increased or decreased toxic potential of foreign substances, which may ultimately determine the biological effects of the contaminants. 相似文献
65.
Chronic exposure to organic contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can lead to the development of resistance to these chemicals, a condition associated with reduced response of CYP1A1, a pollutant-inducible biomarker. We measured CYP1A activity (ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase, EROD) and PCB concentrations in feral fish from the Town Branch/Mud River system (Logan County, KY), a stream historically contaminated with PCBs and partially remediated. As a first step in evaluating the possible development of resistant populations in this system, we measured CYP1A expression and PCB body burdens in resident fish from sites we previously characterized as containing biologically significant levels of CYP1A inducing compounds. Mean PCB concentrations in edible flesh ranged from 75.2 to 16.7 microg/g in fish collected from Town Branch remediated sites and were relatively low (1.23 microg/g) in Town Branch reference site fish. However, hepatic CYP1A activity was similar among individuals of most species collected from reference and contaminated/remediated sites. The absence of elevated CYP1A levels in resident fish species despite the presence of significant PCB body burdens may indicate these fish have developed reduced sensitivity to CYP1A induction, a condition associated with acquired resistance to toxicants. 相似文献
66.
通过基因组步移和3’RACE获得了牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)dmrt1的cDNA全序列,该基因开放阅读框全长909bp,其编码的蛋白具有高度保守的DM结构域,5’UTR区含有性别相关转录因子Sox9和Sox5的结合位点。牙鲆dmrt1基因只在牙鲆的性腺中表达,且在精巢中的表达明显高于卵巢,表明牙鲆的dmrt1可能是一种性别相关基因。同时,对牙鲆的另一性别相关基因P450arom在成体各组织的表达分析结果表明,该基因除在牙鲆的性腺中有表达外,在肾脏、脾脏、鳃和脑等其他组织中也有不同程度的表达。牙鲆P450arom基因在性腺中的表达也存在两性差异,其表达模式与dmrt1的正好相反,在卵巢中的表达量明显高于精巢。 相似文献
67.
Many genetic polymorphisms in metabolism enzymes are important for the risk of cancer as shown in a large number of case-control
studies. Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1 polymorphism is a widely mentioned for importance of its genetic polymorphisms in risk
assessment. However, the reports on the correlation between polymorphism and risk are inconsistent. To study the functional
aberration in the human wild and mutate types of CYP1A1 is hard. Here, the author used a new gene ontology technology to predict
the molecular function of human CYP1A1. Here, it can be seen that there is no functional difference between wild and mutate
types of CYP1A1. Therefore, there should be no difference in effect of wild and mutate types of CYP1A1. This can support the
null effect of this polymorphism in clinical findings of the population. This polymorphism might not be an important tool
for risk assessment. 相似文献
68.
Ruiqin Ma Feng He Haishen Wen Jifang Li Bao Shi Dan Shi Miao Liu Weijie Mu Yuanqing Zhang Jian Hu Weiguo Han Jianan Zhang Qingqing Wang Yuren Yuan Qun Liu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(1):99-104
As a specific gene of fish,cytochrome P450c17-Ⅱ(CYP17-Ⅱ) gene plays a key role in the growth,development and reproduction level of fish.In this study,the single-stranded conformational polymorphism(SSCP) technique was used to characterize polymorphisms within the coding region of CYP17-Ⅱ gene in a population of 75 male Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus).Three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were identified in CYP17-Ⅱ gene of Japanese flounder.They were c.G594A(p.G188R),c.G939A and c.G1502A(p.G490D).SNP1(c.G594A),located in exon 4 of CYP17-Ⅱ gene,was significantly associated with gonadosomatic index(GSI).Individuals with genotype GG of SNP1 had significantly lower GSI(P < 0.05) than those with geno-type AA or AG.SNP2(c.G939A) located at the CpG island of CYP17-Ⅱ gene.The mutation changed the methylation of exon 6.Indi-viduals with genotype AA of SNP2 had significantly lower serum testosterone(T) level and hepatosomatic index(HSI) compared to those with genotype GG.The results suggested that SNP2 could influence the reproductive endocrine of male Japanese flounder.How-ever,the SNP3(c.G1502A) located in exon 9 did not affect the four measured reproductive traits.This study showed that CYP17-Ⅱ gene could be a potentially useful candidate gene for the research of genetic breeding and physiological aspects of Japanese flounder. 相似文献
69.
以石油原油为唯一碳源,从中国海洋大学海洋微生物菌种库15株菌中筛选到5株石油降解菌。16SrRNA基因测序结果表明,WH072、WH069、WH303、ZXM008和ZXM183分别为耐盐芽孢杆菌(Bacillus halodurans)、除烃海杆状菌(Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus)、弯曲芽孢杆菌(B.flexus)、普里兹湾假交替单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas prydzensis)和嗜麦芽糖寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)。其中对石油降解率最高的为WH072(高达36.4%),其次是WH069(20.0%)。对这5株菌检测已报道的石油烃降解酶基因,结果在WH072和WH069中均检测到了alkB、P450和almA3种功能基因。根据功能基因编码的氨基酸序列构建系统发育树并分析其各自的进化关系,发现P450基因在一定程度上具有种属特异性。对本研究首次报道的高效石油降解菌耐盐芽孢杆菌WH072,采用高效热不对称性交错PCR(hiTAIL-PCR)方法,成功获得了这3种功能基因的全长序列,其中alkB与已知同源基因序列相似性较低,其结构和功能有待进一步研究。 相似文献
70.
以牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)为研究对象,通过观察水产用的3种喹诺酮类药物(FQ)恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星和氟甲喹分别对牙鲆肝组织中氨基比林N-脱甲基酶(AND)、红霉素N-脱甲基酶(ERND)和7-乙氧基异吩唑酮-脱乙基酶(EROD)活性的影响,探讨喹诺酮类药物对牙鲆肝药物代谢酶(细胞色素P-450)活性影响的差异.结果表明,与对照组比较,三组喹诺酮类药物对牙鲆肝S_9中AMND、ERND、EROD酶活性均具有抑制作用,其中恩诺沙星和诺氟沙星组中,3种酶的活性极显著下降(P＜0.01),而对于氟甲喹组而言,AMND、ERND酶活性显著下降(P＜0.05),EROD酶活性极显著下降(P＜0.01). 相似文献