三维粘弹性LDDA方法及其在地学中的初步应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘金朝  陆诗阔  许鹤华  王石  蔡永恩 《地震学报》2002,24(3):325-332

在二维弹性LDDA方法的基础上提出了三维粘弹性LDDA方法，并开发了相应的计算机软件．通过两个三维块体的摩擦滑动数值实验，证明了这个方法的理论和程序是正确和可靠的．用该程序研究了印度板块碰撞引起的东亚地区的现今速度场和沿主要断裂带的相对位移速率．初步结果表明，碰撞边界附近的速度最大，向内部衰减很快．青藏高原向北东方向运动，华北平原向东运动，东南亚向东南运动．在祁连山西南和东北速率变化的衰减梯度分别为0.05和0.007mm/a/km，衰减是非线性的，运动方向由北东转向近东西方向，变化很大．穿过龙门山断裂的速度衰减基本是线性的，其值为0.01 mm/a/km，运动方向为南东．印度板块碰撞对于东经115以东和北纬45以北的区域影响很小．由计算得到的速度场与GPS观测结果基本一致．计算得到的班公湖——怒江——澜沧江断裂带在近1Ma以来的相对滑动速率平均约0.5mm/a；金沙江断裂带相对滑动速率最大，为0.8 mm/a；郯庐断裂带基本不动．理论和计算表明，三维粘弹性LDDA方法可以用于研究具有断层的地球动力学问题．   相似文献   

Assimilation of SLA and SST data into an OGCM for the Indian Ocean   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Vibeke E. J. Haugen  Geir Evensen 《Ocean Dynamics》2002,52(3):133-151

 Remotely sensed observations of sea-level anomaly and sea-surface temperature have been assimilated into an implementation of the Miami Isopycnic Coordinate Ocean Model (MICOM) for the Indian Ocean using the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). The system has been applied in a hindcast validation experiment to examine the properties of the assimilation scheme when used with a full ocean general circulation model and real observations. This work is considered as a first step towards an operational ocean monitoring and forecasting system for the Indian Ocean. The assimilation of real data has demonstrated that the sequential EnKF can efficiently control the model evolution in time. The use of data assimilation requires a significant amount of additional processing and computational resources. However, we have tried to justify the cost of using a sophisticated assimilation scheme by demonstrating strong regional and temporal dependencies of the covariance statistics, which include highly anisotropic and flow-dependent correlation functions. In particular, we observed a marked difference between error statistics in the equatorial region and at off-equatorial latitudes. We have also demonstrated how the assimilation of SLA and SST improves the model fields with respect to real observations. Independent in situ temperature profiles have been used to examine the impact of assimilating the remotely sensed observations. These intercomparisons have shown that the model temperature and salinity fields better resemble in situ observations in the assimilation experiment than in a model free-run case. On the other hand, it is also expected that assimilation of in situ profiles is needed to properly control the deep ocean circulation. Received: 8 January 2002 / Accepted: 8 April 2002  相似文献   

A DIAGNOSIS OF THE INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE AND SURFACE WIND FIELD IN THE TROPICAL OCEANS AND ITS CORRELATIVE CHARACTERS WITH ENSO CYCLE^*          下载免费PDF全文

YIN Yonghong  SHI Li  NI Yunqi 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2002,16(1):21-36

Utilizing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly datasets,and based on the filter and standard deviation calculation,the interannual variability of sea surface temperature (SST) and 1000 hPa wind field for the tropical Pacific,Indian and Atlantic Oceans is investigated for the past 20 years (1979-1998).The characters of space-time evolution in SST anomalies (SSTA) for each ocean and corresponding wind anomaly field are acquired by using rotated principal component (RPC) and linear regression analysis methods.Using the method of correlation analysis.the characters of three tropical oceans correlated with ENSO are investigated.The contemporary correlation between the SSTA in the Indian Ocean and in the equatorial eastern Pacific is positive,and there is a weak negative correlation between the SSTA in the equatorial east Atlantic Ocean and in the equatorial eastern Pacific.The lead-lag correlation analysis indicates that the SSTA in the equatorial Indian Ocean lags the dominant Pacific ENSO mode by 3 months,and the SSTA in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean leads ENSO mode by 6 months.The ENSO-correlated components in tropical Indian Ocean and tropical Atlantic Ocean display much the same amount of total variance in each ocean,i.e..14% in the Indian Ocean and 12% in the Atlantic Ocean and the maximums are all above 40%.  相似文献   

INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ENSO MODE     

穆明权  李崇银 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2002,(4)

Near 100-year observed data sets are analyzed, and the results show that the variation of seasurface temperature(SST)in the equatorial Indian Ocean has a feature as a dipole oscillation.Thesituation of the dipole oscillation mainly shows the positive phase pattern(higher SST in the westand lower SST in the east than normal)and the negative phase pattern(higher SST in the east andlower SST in the west).The amplitude of the positive phase is larger than that of the negativephase.The dipole is stronger in September—November and weaker in January—April than inother months.It principally shows obviously inter-annual(4—5 year period)and inter-decadalvariation(25—30 year period).Although the Indian Ocean dipole in the individual year seems tobe independent of ENSO in the equatorial Pacific Ocean,in general,the Indian Ocean dipole hasobviously negative correlation with the Pacific Ocean “dipole”(similar to the inverse phase ofENSO).The atmospheric zonal(Walker) circulation is fundamental for relating the two dipoles toeach other.  相似文献   

Geodynamic evolution of southern Costa Rica related to low-angle subduction of the Cocos Ridge: constraints from thermochronology     

K. Grfe  W. Frisch  I. M. Villa  M. Meschede 《Tectonophysics》2002,348(4):105

The Late Tertiary shallow subduction of the Cocos ridge under the Caribbean plate controlled the evolution of the Cordillera de Talamanca in southeast Costa Rica, which is a mountain range that consists mainly of granitoids formed in a volcanic arc setting. Fission track thermochronology using zircon and apatite, as well as ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar and Rb–Sr age data of amphibole and biotite in granitoid rocks constrain the thermal history of the Cordillera de Talamanca and the age of onset of subduction of the Cocos ridge. Shallow intrusion of granitoid melts resulted in fast and isobaric cooling. A weighted mean zircon fission track age (13 analyses) and Rb–Sr biotite ages of about 10 Ma suggest rapid cooling and give minimum ages for granitoid emplacement. In some cases ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar and Rb–Sr apparent ages of amphibole and biotite are younger than the zircon fission track ages, which can be attributed to partial resetting by hydrothermal alteration. Apatite fission track ages range from 4.8 to 1.7 Ma but show no correlation with the 3090-m elevation span over which they were sampled. The apatite ages seem to indicate rapid exhumation caused by tectonic and isostatic processes. The combination of the apatite fission track ages with subduction parameters of the Cocos plate such as subduction angle, plate convergence rate and distance of the Cordillera de Talamanca to the trench implies that the Cocos ridge entered the Middle America Trench between 5.5 and 3.5 Ma.  相似文献   

滇中昆阳群刺穿构造形成机制研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李志伟  钟维敷  田敏 《云南地质》2002,21(3):230-249

从昆阳群内刺穿构造时、究分布特征出发，详细研究刺穿体边界特征及其性质，体内物质组成与结构、构造和变质变形特点。分析地质高孔隙流体作用在刺穿构造发生和成长中的地位和作用，提出地层高孔隙流体压力的波动和局部作用是导致刺穿的重要因素，逆冲推覆断裂作用应是继因民组地层岩石水力破裂、破裂作用之后所发生。昆阳群刺穿构造经历了本区地壳岩石圈由拉张体制下的张性破裂、断裂（刺穿）过程向挤压体制下的缩短、增厚过程的转化演化。最后，建立了刺穿构造形成的构造物理过程演化模型。  相似文献   

Sensitivity studies applied to a two-dimensional resistivity model from the Central Andes     

Katrin Schwalenberg  Volker Rath  Volker Haak 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,150(3):673-686

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An admittance study of the Reykjanes Ridge and elevated plateaux between the Charlie–Gibbs and Senja fracture zones     

Daniel&#;A. Heller  Gabriele Marquart 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,148(1):65-76

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基于贝叶斯时空模型的建设用地扩张格局差异分析——以长三角和中原城市群为例     

段琳琼  陈维肖  王楠楠  范昌盛  梁流涛 《地域研究与开发》2021,40(1):168-174

基于土地利用现状遥感监测数据,采用贝叶斯统计方法对长三角城市群和中原城市群城市建设用地扩张的时空特征及其影响因素进行研究,并探讨两个间差异规律。结果表明:(1)研究期内,两个城市群的建设用地均呈现快速扩张的态势,增长速度均在2000—2005年达到峰值,对应的净增长率分别为36.6%和31.1%。(2)两个城市群城市扩张空间演化过程差异显著,长三角城市群建设用地扩张表现为“点—轴—波式循环”模式,空间异质性较高,出现多个城市扩张热点区域;而中原城市群表现为“点—轴—网”模式,地区间扩张差异较小,温点扩张区域居多。(3)影响两个城市群建设用地扩张的主要因素有经济发展、产业结构、人口规模和居民收入。从影响程度大小的区域对比来看,经济规模、产业结构和居民收入对长三角城市群的影响程度高,人口规模对中原城市群的影响程度高。  相似文献   

Compressive palaeostress in the Mesozoic cover of the Tunisian atlas in relation with Africa–Europe moving together     

Houcine Chekhma  Mohsen Rabhi 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2008,340(6):414-419

The current structure of the central Tunisian Atlas fossilizes the different tectonic events that have succeeded and that have structured this region. The Lower Cretaceous of this sector reflects, through variations of thickness and facies, the importance of the tectonic activity during this period. The tectonic study detailed in this sector has revealed the existence of structures from the kilometric scale down to the metric one related to a compressive regime that has dominated the studied zone at least from the Upper Hauterivian until the Lower Aptian.  相似文献