Preliminary Assessment of Chemical Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Surface Waters of the Hulugou Watershed, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau     

ZHOU Min  Kale M. CLAUSON  SUN Ziyong  ZHENG Chunmiao  ZHENG Yan 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):669-671

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Mobilisation and transport of dissolved organic carbon and iron in peat catchments—Insights from the Lehstenbach stream in Germany using generalised additive models     

Benny Selle  Klaus‐Holger Knorr  Gunnar Lischeid 《水文研究》2019,33(25):3213-3225

During the last decades, increasing exports of both dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and iron were observed from peat catchments in North America and Europe with potential consequences for water quality of streamwater and carbon storages of soils. As mobilisation and transport processes of DOC and iron in peat catchments are only partly understood, the purpose of this study was to elucidate these processes in an intensively monitored and studied system. Specifically, it was hypothesised that dissimilatory iron reduction in riparian peatland soils mobilises DOC initially adsorbed to iron minerals. During stormflow conditions, both DOC and iron will be transported into the stream network. Ferrous iron may be reoxidised at redox interfaces on its way to the stream, and subsequently, ferric iron could be transported together with DOC as complexes. To test these hypotheses, generalised additive models (GAMs) were applied to 14 years of weekly time series of discharge and concentrations of selected solutes measured in a German headwater stream called Lehstenbach. This stream drains a 4.19‐km² forested mountain catchment; one third of which is covered by riparian peatland soils. We interpreted results of different types of GAM in the way that (a) iron reduction drove the mobilisation of DOC from peatland soils and that (b) both iron and DOC were transported as complexes after their joint mobilisation to and within the steam. It was speculated that low nitrate availability in the uppermost wetland soil layer, particularly during the growing season, promoted iron reduction and thus the mobilisation of DOC. However, the influence of nitrate on the DOC mobilisation remains relatively uncertain. This influence could be further investigated using methods similar to the GAM analysis conducted here for other catchments with long‐term data as well as detailed measurements of the relevant species in riparian wetland soils and the adjacent stream network.  相似文献   

Effect of land cover and hydro‐meteorological controls on soil water DOC concentrations in a high‐elevation tropical environment          下载免费PDF全文

Juan Pesántez  Giovanny M. Mosquera  Patricio Crespo  Lutz Breuer  David Windhorst 《水文研究》2018,32(17):2624-2635

Páramo soils store high amounts of organic carbon. However, the effects of climate change and changes in land cover and use (LC/LU) in this high‐elevation tropical ecosystem may cause a decrease in their carbon storage capacity. Therefore, better understanding of the factors influencing the Páramo soils' carbon storage and export is urgently needed. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated the differences in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content in the soil water of four LC/LU types (tussock grass, natural forest, pine plantations, and pasture) and the factors controlling its variability in the Quinuas Ecohydrological Observatory in south Ecuador. Weekly measurements of soil water DOC concentrations, meteorological variables, soil water content, and temperature from various depths and slope positions were monitored within the soils' organic and mineral horizons between October 2014 and January 2017. These data were used to generate regression trees and random forest statistical models to identify the factors controlling soil water DOC concentrations. From high to low concentrations, natural forest depict the highest DOC concentrations followed by pasture, tussock grass, and pine forest. For all LC/LU types, DOC concentrations increase with decreasing soil moisture. Our results also show that LC/LU is the most important predictor of soil water DOC concentrations, followed by sampling depth and soil moisture. Interestingly, atmospheric variables and antecedent evapotranspiration and precipitation conditions show only little influence on DOC concentrations during the monitoring period. Our findings provide unique information that can help improve the management of soil and water resources in the Páramo and other peat dominated ecosystems elsewhere.  相似文献   

Fluvial carbon flux from headwater peatland streams: significance of particulate carbon flux   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. R. Pawson  M. G. Evans  T. E. H. A. Allott 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2012,37(11):1203-1212

The extensive blanket peatlands of the UK uplands account for almost half of total national terrestrial carbon storage. However, much of the blanket peat is severely eroded so that the contemporary role of the peatland system in carbon sequestration is compromised by losses of organic carbon in dissolved (DOC) and particulate (POC) form in the fluvial system. This paper presents the first detailed assessment of dissolved and organic carbon losses from a severely eroded headwater peatland (River Ashop, South Pennines, UK). Total annual fluvial organic carbon losses range from 29–106 Mg C km,^‐2 decreasing from the headwaters to the main catchment outlet. In contrast to less eroded systems fluvial organic carbon flux is dominated by POC. POC:DOC ratios decrease from values of 4 in the headwaters to close to unity at the catchment outlet. These results demonstrate the importance of eroding headwater sites as sources of POC to the fluvial system. Comparison with a range of catchment characteristics reveals that drainage density is the best predictor of POC:DOC but there is scatter in the relation in the headwaters. Steep declines in specific POC yield from headwater catchments are consistent with storage of POC within the fluvial system. Key to the significance of fluvial carbon flux in greenhouse gas budgets is understanding the fate of fluvial carbon. Further work on the fate of POC and the role of floodplains in fluvial carbon cycling is urgently required. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

DOC遥感研究进展——基于全球大河DOC与CDOM保守性特征     

潘德炉  刘琼  白雁 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(4):1-11

目前,溶解有机碳(DOC)遥感反演研究主要集中在河口及陆源影响较大的边缘海区,大多数是利用DOC与有色溶解有机物(CDOM)或DOC与盐度的经验关系获取。为了较好的理解DOC的遥感反演机理,收集了全球主要大河(流量排名前25中16条)及边缘海DOC与CDOM浓度与保守性分布状况,发现大多数河口CDOM呈现保守性分布,DOC呈现非保守性分布。基于DOC与CDOM保守性行为的主要影响因素分析以及研究海区的生物地球化学特征,论述了DOC遥感反演算法的研究进展,提出了DOC遥感反演需要考虑DOC受不同主要控制因素(如保守混合与生物作用等)的影响,并对这些控制因素进行量化。  相似文献   

Degradation and Leaching of Napropamide in BRIS Soil Amended with Chicken Dung and Palm Oil Mill Effluent     

Fardin Sadegh‐Zadeh  Abd Wahid Samsuri  Othman Radziah  Omar Dzolkhifli  Bahi Jalili Seh‐Bardan 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(6):599-606

The degradation and leaching of napropamide were compared between Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales (BRIS) soil samples, and the same soil samples amended with 20 mg ha^?1 of either chicken dung (CD) or palm oil mill effluent (POME). The effects of removing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the soil samples on napropamide degradation and leaching were also studied. The addition of CD and POME to BRIS soil increased the napropamide half‐life values to 69 and 49.5 days, respectively. Sterilization of the soil samples resulted in partial inhibition of napropamide degradation in all soil samples. The half‐lives of napropamide in BRIS soils receiving 0, 20, 100, and 200 mg kg^?1 of DOC derived from CD were 43, 46.2, 53.4, and 63 days, respectively. The napropamide half‐lives in soil samples treated with 0, 20, 100, and 200 mg kg^?1 of DOC derived from POME were 43, 49.2, 57.7, and 69 days, respectively. However, in the sterilized soil samples, there were no significant effects of adding DOC derived from either CD or POME on napropamide half‐lives. Incorporating either CD or POME decreased napropamide leaching and total amounts of napropamide remained in the soil columns after two pore volumes of water has been leached were higher in the amended than the non‐amended soil. The CD was more effective in decreasing napropamide leaching than the POME. There were no effects of DOC on napropamide leaching in all soil treatments.  相似文献   

小叶章湿地土壤酶活性分布特征及其与活性有机碳表征指标的关系   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

万忠梅  宋长春 《湿地科学》2008,6(2)

选取三江平原小叶章（Calamagrostis angustifolia）沼泽湿地,研究了沼泽湿地土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性及土壤活性有机碳表征指标（土壤微生物量碳MBC,微生物量氮MBN、溶解有机碳DOC）在近表土层（0～30cm）的分布特征,及其内在相关性,探讨酶活性与土壤活性有机碳库的关系。结果表明：表层土壤的酶活性和活性有机碳表征指标含量最高,随着土壤深度增加,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性及MBC、MBN、DOC均显著降低。经相关分析表明,土壤酶活性与土壤活性有机碳表征指标间呈极显著正相关关系,其中蔗糖酶与MBC、DOC相关系数最高,过氧化氢酶活性与MBN的相关系数最高。表明不同土壤酶对湿地土壤活性碳表征指标转化循环的贡献不同,土壤酶活性对土壤活性有机碳库有显著的影响,以蔗糖酶对活性有机碳库影响最为显著。  相似文献   

Chemical properties of colored dissolved organic matter in the sea-surface microlayer and subsurface water of Jiaozhou Bay, China in autumn and winter     

ZHANG Jing  YANG Guipeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(6):26-39

The distribution and chemical properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the Jiaozhou Bay, China were examined during four cruises in 2010-2011. The influence of freshwater and industrial and municipal sewage along the eastern coast of the bay was clearly evident as CDOM levels (defined as a 305 ), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were well correlated with salinity during all the cruises. Moreover, DOC concentrations were significantly correlated with chlorophyll a concentrations in the surface microlayer as well as in the subsurface water. The concentrations of DOC and CDOM displayed a gradually decreasing trend from the northwestern and eastern coast to the central bay, and the values and gradients of their concentrations on the eastern coast were generally higher than those on the western coast. In addition, CDOM and DOC levels were generally higher in the surface microlayer than in the subsurface water. In comparison with DOC, CDOM exhibited a greater extent of enrichment in the microlayer in each cruise, with average enrichment factor (E F ) values of 1.38 and 1.84, respectively. Four fluorescent components were identified from the surface microlayer and subsurface water samples and could be distinguished as peak A, peak T, peak B and peak M. For all the cruises, peak A levels were higher in the surface microlayer than in the subsurface water. This pattern of variation might be attributed to the terrestrial input.  相似文献   

Variations of soil organic degradation conditions C components under different in Napahai wetland reserve     

《地理研究》2012,31(1)

纳帕海湿地区4类土壤退化程度由高到低依次为：弃耕地-中生草甸土（AFMMS）、中生草甸土（MMS）、湿草甸土（wMS）和沼泽土（MS）,对4类土壤0～10cm（上层）、10～20cm（中层）、20～30cm（下层）进行采样,分析土壤有机碳（SOC）、活性有机碳（LOC）和溶解有机碳（DOC）含量。结果表明：4类土壤间,除AFMMS中下层L0c含量略高于MMS对应层LOC含量外,其它各层SOC、LOC、DOC含量都为AFMMS〈MMS〈wMS〈MS;剖面垂向上,MS的s0C和LOC含量由上向下先增后减,其它土壤SOC、LOC、DOC含量以及MS的DOC含量均由上向下减少;LOC／SOC（％）变化于8．6～16．8％,而DOC／SOC（％）、DOC／LOC（％）更低;除AFMMS外,其它3类土壤SOC和LOC含量呈显著正相关,且LOC和LOC／SOC（％）分异与土壤类型分异有明显的对应关系,而DOC含量与s0C和LOC含量的相关性无明显规律。本研究表明,微地貌制约下的水文情势一植被生态分异对湿地SOc及活性组分的分异有显著影响,而强人为干扰会带来湿地土壤有机碳活性组分的明显损失,缺乏水文生态调控的撂荒式恢复难以有效恢复退化高寒湿地土壤有机碳库;LOC是表征湿地土壤有机碳库及其活性组分变化更为敏感和合适的指标。  相似文献   

Seasonal variations in the production and consumption of amino acids by coastal microplankton     

Maureen D. Keller  Timothy H. Mague  Marguerite Badenhausen  Hilary E. Glover 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1982,15(3):301-315

A seasonal study on coastal microplankton was conducted in surface waters near Boothbay Harbor, Maine. Phytoplankton biomass, particulate production and extracellular organic release were examined in conjunction with microheterotrophic biomass and the uptake and respiration of amino acids. In situ dissolved free amino acid (DFAA) concentrations were also determined. Several phytoplankton blooms occurred throughout the year, in mid-summer, late autumn and in mid-winter. Heterotrophic activity and biomass paralleled phytoplankton extracellular release more closely than either phytoplankton particulate production or biomass. DFAA concentrations were not wholly dependent on extracellular release. Heterotrophic uptake did not appear to be dependent on DFAA concentrations but rather on rates of production of DOC by phytoplankton.  相似文献