共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
DOC遥感研究进展——基于全球大河DOC与CDOM保守性特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
目前,溶解有机碳(DOC)遥感反演研究主要集中在河口及陆源影响较大的边缘海区,大多数是利用DOC与有色溶解有机物(CDOM)或DOC与盐度的经验关系获取。为了较好的理解DOC的遥感反演机理,收集了全球主要大河(流量排名前25中16条)及边缘海DOC与CDOM浓度与保守性分布状况,发现大多数河口CDOM呈现保守性分布,DOC呈现非保守性分布。基于DOC与CDOM保守性行为的主要影响因素分析以及研究海区的生物地球化学特征,论述了DOC遥感反演算法的研究进展,提出了DOC遥感反演需要考虑DOC受不同主要控制因素(如保守混合与生物作用等)的影响,并对这些控制因素进行量化。 相似文献
2.
卫星遥感的边缘海溶解有机碳(DOC)的时空分布对于厘清区域和全球碳循环具有重要意义。有色溶解有机物(CDOM)吸收系数[a_g(λ)]被广泛应用于构建边缘海DOC的卫星反演模型。不同的研究选择不同波长的a_g(λ),而不同波长的选择是否影响DOC反演结果的准确度却未见报导。针对此问题,本文以长江口为例,以2017年冬季、春季和夏季的调查数据为基础,探讨如何选择合适波长的a_g(λ)用于优化边缘海DOC的反演模型。首先,通过分析不同波长的a_g(λ)和DOC的相关性显示,当波长在250～385 nm时,a_g(λ)和DOC浓度呈现良好的线性关系(r~(2 )=0.67±0.01),DOC的均方根误差(RMSE=(25.1±0.5)μmol·L~(-1))也较小;随着波长的增大,两者之间的相关性急剧减弱,对应的RMSE也急剧增大。因此,DOC的反演宜选择波长小于385 nm的a_g(λ)。其次,通过分析a_g(λ)随波长的对数衰减关系显示,紫外波段的衰减速度通常要快于可见光波段。当以可见光波段的数据来拟合建立a_g(λ)随波长的对数衰减公式时,该公式可延伸用于估计波长大于380 nm的a_g(λ),其产生的误差通常在±5%以内;而对于波长小于380 nm的a_g(λ)则往往产生较大低估,且低估程度随波长减小而增大。因此,对于目前的水色卫星(未包含紫外波段),当使用可见光波段的遥感反射率[R_(rs)(λ)]通过GSM、QAA等模型进行反演时,对于波长大于380 nm的a_g(λ)的反演结果的置信度较高。综合上述分析,选择波长380～385 nm的a_g(λ)来构建长江口DOC的反演模型有利于降低反演结果的系统误差。长江口作为全球边缘海的典型代表,本研究的结果对于优化全球边缘海的DOC反演模型具有重要的指示意义。 相似文献
3.
厦门湾有色溶解有机物的光吸收特性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了厦门湾九龙江河口区、西海域、同安湾及东侧水道海水中有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的光吸收特性,分析了CDOM的河口行为,并讨论了CDOM光吸收特性与其荧光性质之间的关系。结果表明,厦门湾表层海水CDOM光吸收系数a(355)的水平分布表现为河口区最高、东侧水道最低、西海域和同安湾介于两者之间,底层水a(355)的分布与表层基本相似,表明陆源河流输入是厦门湾CDOM的主要来源;a(355)的垂直分布为表层高于底层,主要受水文和生物因素控制。厦门湾表层水CDOM光谱斜率S的平均值介于0.014—0.018nm-1,但河口低盐度区S值较小,反映陆源腐殖质的影响。a(355)在河口混合中呈保守行为,表明CDOM具有良好的保守性质。CDOM的吸收系数a(355)与其荧光强度之间表现为较好的相关关系,指示可以用灵敏度更高的荧光方法来研究CDOM的分布和行为。 相似文献
4.
2014年夏季长江口有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的分布、光学特性及其来源探究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过测定有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的吸收光谱、荧光光谱、溶解有机碳(DOC)浓度,探究了2014年夏季长江口CDOM的来源及河口混合行为。结合吸收系数a(355)、光谱斜率S275-295、比紫外吸光度SUVA254与盐度的关系,结果表明南港水道受黄浦江输入影响显著,北港水道由长江径流控制呈保守性混合行为,二者CDOM的物质结构性质较为相似。DOC的浓度可通过a(275)与a(295)模拟估算:ln[DOC]=4.94–0.87ln[a(275)]+0.90ln[a(295)],a(275)8.0 m–1;ln[DOC]=4.77–6.79ln[a(275)]+8.05ln[a(295)],a(275)≥8.0 m–1。模拟结果表明,在长江口及邻近海域,CDOM对DOC具有示踪意义。利用三维荧光光谱-平行因子分析(EEMs-PARAFAC)技术,可得到夏季长江口FDOM含有3个类腐殖质组分(C2,C4和C5)和3个类蛋白质组分(C1,C3和C6)。类腐殖质组分具有相似的来源及地球化学行为,且与a(355)及盐度存在显著相关性;类蛋白质组分则与a(355)及盐度之间无显著相关性,揭示其与区域内微生物的活动有关。 相似文献
5.
双台子河口水体有机碳分布特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于2011年5月和8月通过研究双台子河口水体溶解有机碳(DOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)和化学耗氧量(COD)的分布特征,阐述双台子河口水体有机碳的河口过程及其影响因素,并探讨总有机碳(TOC)和COD表征河口有机污染的区域性和季节性特征。研究表明:2011年5月双台子河口DOC、POC和COD含量范围分别为4.04~5.06mg/L(平均4.60mg/L)、2.93~10.85mg/L(平均7.01mg/L)和5.65~14.07mg/L(平均9.04mg/L);8月分别为10.87~46.04mg/L(平均26.75mg/L)、0.88~17.27mg/L(平均4.16mg/L)和2.42~67.62mg/L(平均17.85mg/L)。DOC、POC和COD的含量由河到海总体呈现逐渐降低的趋势,双台子河口不同区段DOC、POC和COD的时空分布,及其主要和次要影响因素具有一定的差别。有机碳来源和海水的稀释作用是影响双台子河口有机碳分布的主要因素,现场生物生产和悬浮颗粒物影响较小。双台子河口水体中TOC和COD呈现线性不显著正相关关系,二者关系的季节差异显著。 相似文献
6.
依据2017年8—9月对黄海海域溶解有机物(DOM)的调查，探讨了夏季黄海海水中溶解有机碳(DOC)和有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的空间分布特征。在表层海水中，受陆源影响较大的近岸海域CDOM含量相对较高，北黄海冷水团区域由于水产养殖的饵料引起DOC浓度升高，且该部分DOC以无色为主。DOC浓度随深度逐渐降低，而CDOM逐渐升高，该特征在冷水团区域更为显著，因此DOC和CDOM在冷水团区域的表底差异远大于浅水区的非冷水团区域。陆源输入和初级生产是引起表层DOC升高的主要原因，而光漂白则引起CDOM降低，同时光漂白还导致表层水体中CDOM分子量和芳香性低于底层。底层溶解氧饱和度在冷水团为80%～93%，均表现为弱不饱和状态。层化不仅阻碍了O2向底层水体输送，还抑制了DOC和CDOM的垂向混合，这是引起冷水团区域表底层DOC和CDOM差异较大的主要原因。 相似文献
7.
本文以2021年5月长江口南北支采集的表层水为研究对象,通过测定氢、氧同位素,溶解有机碳(DOC)浓度,有色溶解有机质(CDOM)的吸收光谱和荧光光谱参数,探讨了夏季长江口北支、南支(北港、北槽、南槽)水体溶解有机质的组成、分布及其影响因素。沿长江下游到河口近海,南、北支DOC浓度分别为1.68±0.16mg/L和1.46±0.31mg/L,CDOM的吸光系数a350分别为2.37±0.61m-1和1.59±0.24m-1。南支整体具有“高类腐殖质、低类蛋白”的特征,北支则具有“低类腐殖质、低类蛋白”的特征,这可能与南北支的径流量差异有关。在南北支不同分汊河道(北支、南支北港、南支北槽和南支南槽)中,南槽和北支有类似的海水入侵特征,但南槽具有较强的类蛋白组分输入,而南支北港和北槽样品间无显著差异,均表现为河流有机质为主的特征。对比2011年长江南北支DOC和CDOM数据显示,作为长江主河道的南支在2021年无明显变化,而北支有显著的变化。这些结果综合表明长江口DOM的变化格局可能受水动力条件(径流量)、人类活动因素共同作用的影响。比较全球河口DOC和CDOM浓度数据后发现,不同区域的河口具有明显的差异,这可能是因为不同流域在植被覆盖、工农业生产水平、水利工程强度、以及气候变化对土壤侵蚀作用等方面的差异。 相似文献
8.
溶解有机物(DOM)经太阳光照射导致其吸光度(光漂白)和溶解有机碳(光矿化)损失,从而影响水体生态系统光学特性及碳循环。本文通过测定冬季长江口及其邻近海域DOM光降解表观量子产率(AQY),初步探讨了DOM光反应活性在河口及陆架海的变化特征。DOM光降解AQY由口内至口外逐渐递减,且有色溶解有机物(CDOM)光漂白速率是溶解有机碳(DOC)光矿化速率的10倍。Φble(CDOM光漂白表观量子产率)和Φmin(DOC光矿化平均量子产率)在最大浑浊带以东海域与盐度和SUVA254分别呈显著的线性负相关与正相关,表明DOM光反应活性在长江口外受物理混合影响为主,且陆源DOM光反应活性比海源高。此外,最大浑浊带下游DOM光降解AQY显著低于上游。DOM光降解速率随波长的变化呈现非高斯分布,且峰值出现在330 nm,积分结果表明UVA是DOM光降解的主要贡献者。本研究结果将为完善我国东海碳通量模型提供帮助。 相似文献
9.
长江口盐度梯度下不同形态碳的分布、来源与混合行为 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河口碳的生物地球化学过程是全球碳循环的重要组成。通过测定溶解无机碳（DIC）及其稳定同位素丰度（δ13CDIC），溶解有机碳（DOC），有色溶解有机物（CDOM），颗粒有机碳（POC）及其稳定同位素丰度（δ13CPOC）与元素比值（N/C）及相关指标，研究了2014年7月长江口盐度梯度下不同形态碳的分布、来源和混合行为。结果表明，DIC浓度、DOC浓度、POC含量分别为1 583.2~1 739.6 μmol/L，128.4~369.4 μmol/L和51.2~530.8 μmol/L，这些不同形态碳及CDOM的荧光组分的分布模式相似，均是从口内到口外，整体呈现先增大后减小的趋势，并与盐度呈现非保守混合行为。添加作用主要发生在在口门处最大浑浊带附近。与含量相反，从口内到口外，δ13CDIC和δ13CPOC均呈现逐渐减小再增大的趋势，在口门附近达到最低值，分别为-9.7‰和-26.7‰。在口门附近不同形态碳含量上升及δ13CDIC、δ13CPOC的降低可能主要与沉积物再悬浮及微生物作用有关。基于蒙特卡洛模拟的三端元混合模型的结果显示，河口内外POC来源变化明显，口内POC以陆源有机碳贡献为主，平均为62.3%，口外海源贡献逐渐增加。CDOM相关参数结果表明长江口CDOM主要来自陆源输入，海源及人类活动等也对其产生影响。 相似文献
10.
当前极端气候事件频发,引起了人们广泛的关注。然而,气候变化对中国典型河流溶解有机物(DOM)的影响尚且未得到充分的认识。2021年11月至2022年10月,每月于珠江下游广州段采集河水样品,并分析其中溶解有机碳(DOC)、发色溶解有机物(CDOM)和荧光溶解有机物(FDOM)的浓度和组成。采样期间, 2022年6月珠江流域遭遇百年一遇的洪水。结果显示,洪水大幅度降低了河水中的DOC和CDOM浓度,并提高了DOM的芳香化程度。尽管洪水对DOM浓度产生了明显的稀释效应,但通过分析FDOM组成,进一步发现FDOM中不同组分对洪水的响应存在较大差异。FDOM短激发波长(230～235nm)处的类蛋白质组分峰值在洪水期间出现高值;与此同时,长激发波长(280～285nm)的类蛋白质组分和激发波长在345nm处的类腐殖质组分峰值在洪水期间出现最低值。此外,与长江下游相比,珠江下游水体中往往具有较高的DOC和CDOM浓度、DOM芳香化程度以及CDOM分子量。研究将有助于进一步了解珠江等世界大河DOM浓度和组成的变化规律和控制机制,以及揭示极端洪水对大河DOM动态变化产生的影响。 相似文献
11.
LIU Qiong PAN Delu BAI Yan WU Kai CHEN Chen-Tung Arthur SUN Jun ZHANG Lin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(2):1-11
The retrieval of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) distribution by remote sensing is mainly based on the empirical relationship of DOC concentration and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) concentration in many literatures. To investigate the nature of this relationship, the distributions and mixing behaviors of DOC and CDOM are reviewed in the world’s major estuaries and bays. It is found that, generally, the CDOM concentration is well correlated with the salinity in most estuaries, while DOC usually shows a nonconservative behavior which leads to a weak correlation between the DOC concentration and the CDOM concentration. To establish a good satellite reversion of the DOC concentration, the East China Sea(ECS) was taken as an example, and the mixing behavior of DOC and CDOM as well as the influence of biogeochemical processes were analyzed except for the physical mixing process with the data from late autumn (November, 2010) and winter (December, 2009) cruises. In the two ECS cruises, the CDOM concentration was found to be tightly correlated with the salinity, influenced little by the photochemical or biological processes. The data from the winter cruise show that DOC followed a conservative mixing along the salinity gradient, while in the late autumn cruise it was significantly affected by the biological activities, resulting in a poor correlation between the DOC and the CDOM. Accordingly, an improved DOC algorithm (CSDM) was proposed: when the biological influence was significant (Chl a greater than 0.8 μg/dm3 ), DOC was retrieved by the conservative and biological model, and if the conservative mixing was dominant (Chl a less than 0.8 μg/dm3 ), the direct DOC concentration and CDOM concentration relationship was used. Based on the proposed algorithm, a reasonable DOC distribution for the ECS from satellite was obtained in this study, and the proposed method can be applied to the other large river-dominant marginal sea. 相似文献
12.
The absorption coefficient of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (aCDOM) has been found to be correlated with fluorescence emission (excitation at 355 nm). In the coastal European Atlantic area and in the Western Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lions), a significant statistical dependence has been found between aCDOM and fluorescence with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration. The relationship shows that, in the river plume areas (Rhine in the North Sea and Rhône in the Gulf of Lions), a consistent fraction of DOC (from 40% to 60% of the average of the DOC measured) is non-absorbing in visible light range, where the dissolved organic matter (DOM) is typically absorbent. In comparison, in the open sea, apparently not affected by the continental inputs, the entire DOC belongs to the chromophoric DOM whose specific absorption is lower (5 to 10 times) than that found in the river plume areas. 相似文献
13.
Absorption and fluorescence of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurements were performed during three oceanographic surveys in 1994 in the southern Baltic Sea (Polish area of the Baltic Proper). DOC was measured both by high-temperature catalytic oxidation (HTCO) and low-temperature oxidation (LTO) conventional persulphate methods. CDOM fluorescence was shown to be highly correlated with absorption, with the same regression parameters, despite the seasonal change in different hydrographic conditions and the fluorescence quantum yield variations (1.23 ± 0.07 in April and 0.97 ± 0.12 in September). The results show a good correlation between the optical parameters and DOC although ˜ 70% of the DOC does not display significant absorption in the UV-visible range (350–750 nm). The non-absorbing DOC measured with HTCO method appears unaffected by seasonal changes. Consequently, total DOC can be predicted by optical methods using remote sensing techniques. The non-absorbing DOC measured by LTO method varies from 62% (April) to 76% (September), which implies that there is requirement for estimates on a seasonal basis. 相似文献
14.
Review and suggestions for estimating particulate organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon inventories in the ocean using remote sensing data 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Dissolved organic carbon（DOC） and particulate organic carbon（POC） are basic variables for the ocean carbon cycle.Knowledge of the distribution and inventory of these variables is important for a better estimation and understanding of the global carbon cycle.Owing to its considerable advantages in spatial and temporal coverage,remote sensing data provide estimates of DOC and POC inventories,which are able to give a synthetic view for the distribution and transportation of carbon pools.To estimate organic carbon inventories using remote sensing involves integration of the surface concentration and vertical profile models,and the development of these models is critical to the accuracy of estimates.Hence,the distribution and control factors of DOC and POC in the ocean first are briefly summarized,and then studies of DOC and POC inventories and flux estimations are reviewed,most of which are based on field data and few of which consider the vertical distributions of POC or DOC.There is some research on the estimation of POC inventory by remote sensing,mainly in the open ocean,in which three kinds of vertical profile models have been proposed：the uniform,exponential decay,and Gauss models.However,research on remote-sensing estimation of the DOC inventory remains lacking.A synthetic review of approaches used to estimate the organic carbon inventories is offered and the future development of methods is discussed for such estimates using remote sensing data in coastal waters. 相似文献
15.
研究溶解有机碳(DOC)在海水和黄河水所组成的混合水中的迁移转化行为,结果表明,海水和已过滤黄河水混合时,DOC呈近似的保守性;海水与未过滤的黄河水混合时,DOC呈明显的非保守性。通过研究沉积物对DOC的解吸过程,发现沉积物在盐水中能解吸出DOC,随着盐度的增大,其解吸量也迅速增大。因此可以认为,DOC在河口区的非保守行为是DOC的絮凝和颗粒物的解吸共同作用的结果。 相似文献
16.
Carbon distribution and fluxes of 16 rivers discharging into the Bohai Sea in summer 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Riverine carbon input is closely related to the inshore aquatic environment,the marine carbon pool and climate change.Samples were synchronously obtained from 16 rivers discharging into the Bohai Sea (China) in 1-5 July 2005.The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations of the 16 rivers were mainly controlled by anthropogenic activities.The particulate organic carbon (POC) of the Haihe,Luanhe,Ziyaxinhe,Chaobaixinhe,Xiaoqinghe,Xiaolinghe,Duliujianhe,Jiyunhe,and Majiahe Rivers mainly originated from pollu... 相似文献
17.
Kevin J. Collier 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):349-351
Absorbance at 360 nm and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration were measured on 47 filtered water samples collected from streams and rivers of the west coast of South Island, New Zealand. The regression equation (DOC (g m‐3) = 59.6 Abs1 cm + 1.9) calculated from the data, reliably predicted DOC concentration within the range 1.6–43.2 gm‐3. This relationship is similar to that found fsr some Venezuelan and south‐eastern United Stales waters indicating that it may have widespread utility for estimating DOC concentrations in soft waters where DOC is dominated by humic substances 相似文献
18.
Ernesto Otero Randolph Culp John E. Noakes Robert E. Hodson 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,56(5-6):1187-1194
In this study, we examine the distribution and carbon stable isotope signature of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and humic substances (HS) along a salinity gradient in the Altamaha and Satilla River estuaries. The maximum DOC concentrations in the Altamaha and Satilla were 10 and 29 mg C l−1, respectively, though concentrations were similar at the mouth of both estuaries. There was a decrease in HS content of DOC from 50 to 80% at the head of the estuaries to 10% at salinities higher than 30‰. The δ13C DOC varied between −25.5 and −19‰ and between −27 and −21‰ in the Altamaha and Satilla estuaries, respectively. The tendency towards more depleted δ13C DOC in the Satilla, especially in the lower salinity portion of this estuary, suggests greater terrestrial inputs in the Satilla than in the Altamaha. Seasonal fluctuations were observed in the form of increased (two to three times) range in DOC concentration, heavier δ13C DOC and increased proportion of estuarine–marine-derived DOC (average enrichment of δ13C DOC from +1 to +2) during low river flow (July–October). The δ13C HS in both rivers showed a similar trend, but was consistently more depleted than DOC, with an average range from −28 to −24.5‰. This suggests that HS have larger proportions of terrestrial components (a maximum of >60% at the mouth of the estuary) than DOC. The less depleted δ13C values of DOC in comparison with HS indicate a different source for the non-humic (non-HS) component of DOC (range in δ13C non-HS, −22 to −16‰). That source could either be the decomposition of detrital material derived from saltmarsh environments or microalgal-derived DOC of estuarine or marine origins. 相似文献