Abundance,distribution, and fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in four small sub-tropical rivers of the Tampa Bay Estuary (Florida,USA)     

《Applied Geochemistry》2015

The delivery of organic carbon (C) from rivers to the coastal ocean via estuaries is recognized as an important component of the global C budget however, smaller river systems are often overlooked and modern flux estimates are not very different from historical estimates. Here, the seasonal (wet vs. dry) concentration and fluxes of dissolved organic C (DOC) were measured in five small sub-tropical rivers that drain into the Tampa Bay (FL, USA) estuary. DOC distributions were highly variable among riverine, mesohaline, and marine end-member samples in all river catchments and no significant differences were observed among or between DOC concentrations with respect to river catchment, season, or year of sampling. In general, DOC mixed non-conservatively during the wet seasons, and conservatively during the dry seasons, with the estuarine reaches of each river serving as a sink of DOC. Fluxes were strongly tied to discharge irrespective of season, and the estuaries removed 15–65% of DOC prior to export to coastal Bay and Gulf of Mexico waters. DOC concentrations were similar to others reported for low-elevation sub-tropical rivers, and a combination of elevation, residence time, and climate appear to control the abundance and variability of DOC in sub-tropical vs. tropical river systems. The characterization of DOC in small, sub-tropical rivers, which share characteristics with both their temperate and tropical counterparts, is critical for quantitatively constraining the importance of these systems in local-to-regional scale ocean C budgets. In addition to geomorphic properties, the role of past, present, and future land cover and other environmental change in small coastal rivers also exerts control on the quantity and flux of DOC in these systems.  相似文献   

南祁连党河南山地区巴龙贡噶尔组的解体与岩石地层单位厘定——来自岩石学与年代学的证据     

计波  余吉远  李向民  黄博涛  王磊 《地质通报》2018,37(4):621-633

南祁连党河南山地区分布一套变形较强的区域低温动力变质岩系,前人将其划归为巴龙贡噶尔组。通过对该套地层开展岩石学、同位素年代学及地层对比研究,发现其明显区别于典型的巴龙贡噶尔组,将该地层重新厘定为拐杖山组。该组岩石由片岩段与火山岩段组成,构造变形强烈,片岩段原岩为成熟度较低的杂砂岩与岩屑砂岩,火山岩段则以中基性火山岩与火山碎屑岩为主,总体表现为火山-沉积建造特征。在火山岩段获得玄武安山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为734±8.5Ma,确定其形成时代为新元古代。地层对比结果显示,研究区拐杖山组在南祁连地区出露较好,分布广泛。在沉积环境上,拐杖山组的物源与沉积建造均指示其具有大陆裂谷盆地特征,是对Rodinia超大陆裂解事件的沉积响应。因此,拐杖山组的发现与确立为正确建立祁连陆块地层格架、研究祁连山构造演化提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

基于DEM的中国山地空间范围定量界定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张伟  李爱农  江晓波 《地理与地理信息科学》2013,29(5)

目前为止,中国的山地空间范围尚没有一致的划定和界线.在众多影响山地和非山地划分的因素中,山地的界定标准和地形起伏度计算尺度最为重要.山地是一个令许多科学工作者难于严密定义的科学对象和学术用语,到目前为止,仍然没有统一的山地定义出现.该文对前人研究成果进行了总结和分析,提出4种关于我国山地的定量界定标准,结合作者关于地形起伏度计算尺度的研究,分别得出4种定义下的我国山地的范围和面积.通过与现有资料(《中国地貌类型图》)的对比和分析,确定适合于我国的山地定量界定标准,并最终计算出我国山地面积为658.81万km2,占国土面积的68.2％.  相似文献   

汶川震区暴雨泥石流发生的降雨阈值   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

周伟  唐川 《水科学进展》2013,24(6):786-793

搜集了汶川震区暴雨泥石流发生的降雨数据,采用詹氏法和修正法两种雨场分割法对其进行处理,研究了降雨参数（降雨强度、累积雨量和降雨历时）与泥石流发生之间的关系,建立了汶川震区暴雨泥石流发生的降雨阈值模型。结果表明:采用詹氏法和修正法这两种雨场分割方法所获得的降雨参数之间存在差异。两者的累积雨量差异不大,但后者的平均雨强要小于前者,其原因在于修正法改善了詹氏法估计降雨时间过短的缺点,延长了降雨历时。通过分析平均雨强~历时、累积雨量~历时、标准化平均雨强~历时和标准化累积雨量~历时之间的关系,采用单线法建立了汶川震区暴雨泥石流发生的降雨阈值。研究成果在四川省绵竹市清平乡的泥石流灾害事件中进行了应用与验证,结果表明该方法具有合理性和可行性。  相似文献   

论湖相滩与坝的成因差异     

王冠民  王群  王春阳  付尧 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(1):1-10

滩坝是滨浅湖地区常见的一种沉积体系类型,自20世纪90年代起,滩坝作为良好的油气储集体受到人们重视。本文在国内外大量文献资料查阅以及现代沉积考察的基础上,追溯滩坝定义来源,并从水动力搬运和沉积方式上对湖相滩与坝的差异进行重新讨论,将滩与坝划分为两种能够完全区分的沉积体。滩是自浪基面至最大湖泛面范围内,碎屑物质在波浪作用下垂直于湖岸搬运和沉积的、与岸大致平行的席状(或条带状)沉积体,向陆地方向直接与湖岸平原相连。滩可以呈大面积席状展布,也可以呈滩脊、滩槽状相间分布,沿岸沙坝本质是形成于水下的滩脊。坝是在沿岸流作用下,碎屑物质平行湖岸搬运并沉积于岸线向陆弯折处、一端与岸相连、另一端向湖区自由伸展的沉积体,坝与湖岸平原常有湖湾或泻湖相隔。滩与坝的形成水动力条件不同,平面上无法共生,不应该将坝砂作为滩砂的特殊类型进行研究。厘清滩与坝的成因和差别,将有助于陆相含油气盆地滩坝砂储层的精确勘探与开发。  相似文献   

X射线粉晶衍射仪在千枚岩鉴定与分类中的应用     

迟广成  肖刚  陈英丽  伍月  胡建飞  王海娇  岳明新  王鑫 《地质与资源》2013,22(5):409-414,434

以往千枚岩是依据显微镜下观察岩石结构构造及矿物成分进行分类定名.实际上千枚岩中鳞片状绿泥石和黑云母以及微粒石英、钾长石和斜长石在岩石薄片中区分十分困难.为了准确鉴定千枚岩中鳞片状和微粒状造岩矿物种类及其相对含量,利用X射线粉晶衍射半定量技术对19件千枚岩岩石进行分析测试.研究结果显示：利用云母、绿泥石、石英、钾长石和斜长石等造岩矿物X射线衍射峰的明显差异,结合X射线衍射全谱拟合半定量分析测试技术,能快速检测云母、绿泥石、石英、钾长石和斜长石等造岩矿物种类与含量.实践证明,将千枚岩岩石野外观察、岩石薄片鉴定和X射线粉晶衍射技术紧密结合起来,才能准确定出千枚岩岩石的名称.  相似文献   

中国城市密集区空间识别及其与国家主体功能区的对接关系   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

薛俊菲  陈雯  曹有挥 《地理研究》2013,32(1):146-156

城市密集区是城市化发展到高级阶段的一种地域空间组织形式,是社会经济发展的主体。对城市密集区进行空间划分与识别,有助于明确国家开发格局和促进区域的一体化发展。本文在已有研究成果的基础上,根据中国城市化发展的水平和阶段,从中心城市、标准市、其他中小城市和城镇、边界识别等方面界定了中国城市密集区的识别标准,并通过基于交通可达性测算的城市密集区边界划分,将中国城市划分为15个典型城市密集区和8个准城市密集区,形成“三纵两横”的城市密集区空间格局。通过与国家主体功能区规划的对比发现,本文提出的城市密集区划分方案与国家主体功能区规划提出的城市化战略格局基本相符,城市密集区的发展应在国家主体功能区战略指导下,参照规划设定的定位和目标,选择适合的路径和方向。  相似文献   

Initial growth of phytoplankton in turbid estuaries: A simple model     

H.E. de Swart  H.M. Schuttelaars  S.A. Talke 《Continental Shelf Research》2009

An idealised model is presented and analysed to gain more fundamental understanding about the dynamics of phytoplankton blooms in well-mixed, suspended sediment dominated estuaries. The model describes the behaviour of subtidal currents, suspended sediments, nutrients and phytoplankton in a channel geometry. The initial growth of phytoplankton and its spatial distribution is calculated by solving an eigenvalue problem. The growth rates depend on the position in the estuary due to along-estuary variations in nutrient concentration and suspended sediment concentration. The model yields an insight into how the onset of blooms in the model depends on physical and biological processes (turbulent mixing, fresh water discharge, light attenuation, imposed nutrient concentrations at the river and sea side). In particular, the model demonstrates that the joint action of spatial variations in turbidity and in nutrients causes the maximum phytoplankton concentrations to occur seaward of the estuarine turbidity maximum.  相似文献   

新时期中伊关系特征和战略定位分析     

陈俊华 《世界地理研究》2009,18(3):110-118

本文首先概括了中国与伊朗建交以后两国关系的发展历程以及两国间商品贸易、投资和经济技术合作、政治、文化宗教等领域的关系特征．然后在此基础上阐释了中伊关系对中国在中东地区的大国话语权、能源安全战略、经贸和投资战略、对伊斯兰世界影响力和中美关系博弈的重要影响,最后从特殊重要性国家、石油贸易伙伴关系国等方面对中伊关系的未来发展进行了战略定位分析．  相似文献   

Changes in metal contamination levels in estuarine sediments around India – An assessment     

《Marine pollution bulletin》2014,78(1-2):15-25

This review is the first attempt to comprehend the changes in metal contamination levels in surface estuarine sediments with changing time around India. Contamination factor, geoaccumulation index, pollution load index, effects range low and effects range median analysis were used to evaluate the quality of the estuarine sediments (by using the available literature data). This study suggests that estuarine sediments from the east coast of India were comparatively less contaminated by metals than the west coast. Sediments from those estuaries were found to be more contaminated by metals on which major cities are located. An improvement in estuarine sediment quality (in terms of metal contamination) over time around India was noticed. This study provides managers and decision-makers of environmental protection agency with a better scientific understanding for decision-making in controlling metal pollution in estuarine sediments around India.  相似文献