HY-1C Coastal Zone Imager observations of the suspended sediment content distribution details in the sea area near Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge in China     

Lina Cai  Minrui Zhou  Xiaojun Yan  Jianqiang Liu  Qiyan Ji  Yuxiang Chen  Juncheng Zuo 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(11):126-138

The impacts of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HKZMB) on suspended sediment content (SSC) were analysed in the Zhujiang River Estuary based on data from HY-1C, which was launched in September 2018 in China, carrying Coastal Zone Imager (CZI) and Chinese Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner on it. A new SSC inversion model was established based on the relationship between in-situ SSC and the remote sensing reflectance in red and near-infrared bands of CZI image. HY-1C satellite data obtained from October to December 2019 were applied to retrieve SSC in the Zhujiang River Estuary. The results show that SSC around the HKZMB is ranging from 20 mg/L to 95 mg/L. SSC change obviously on two sides of the bridge. During flooding and ebbing period, SSC increases obviously downstream of the bridge. SSC difference between upstream and downstream is ranging from 5 mg/L to 20 mg/L. Currents flowing across the HKZMB, the change trend of SSC in most places upstream and downstream is almost the same that SSC downstream of the bridge is higher than SSC upstream. The tidal currents interact with bridge piers, inducing vortexes downstream, leading the sediment to re-suspend downstream of the bridge piers. Other factors, including seafloor topography and wind, can also contribute to the distribution of SSC in the Zhujiang River Estuary.  相似文献   

黄河入海径流对河口海域盐度影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

王海霞  秦华伟  乔守文  李凡  石洪源  张旭日 《海岸工程》2022,41(2):115-127

为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明：黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km²,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km²;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。  相似文献   

基于高光谱传感器的长江口表层悬浮泥沙质量浓度光谱曲线特征研究#br#          下载免费PDF全文

栾奎峰  徐航  潘与佳  李慧  张鹏  裘诚  朱卫东  冯贵平 《海洋学研究》2022,40(1):64-71

悬浮泥沙质量浓度（SSC）是我国河口水体研究的重要水质参数之一,遥感测定SSC是一种重要的方法。为了研究遥感光谱数据和表层悬浮泥沙质量浓度（SSSC）之间的定量梯度关系,本文采集了长江口南汇嘴附近的表层沉积物,定量设计了SSSC的梯度变化值,利用ASD高光谱仪对不同质量浓度含沙水体进行了光学特性测量。结果表明,随着SSSC的增加,水体的光谱反射率曲线具有相似的形态,但也存在一定的差异。当SSSC<36.59 mg/L时,光谱曲线仅在560～580 nm之间有1个反射峰;当SSSC>52.69 mg/L时,光谱曲线第一反射峰位于570～710 nm,并在近红外波段780～820 nm处出现第二反射峰。光谱曲线第一峰值区间存在明显的“红移”现象,且波长的“红移”变化与SSSC的线性拟合R²达到0.91,说明两者呈较强的线性相关性。在400～900 nm光谱范围内,600～860 nm波段对0～200 mg/L范围内的SSSC变化较敏感且比较稳定,740～900 nm波段对>200 mg/L的SSSC的变化具有更强的响应能力。  相似文献   

Controls on effective settling velocities of mud flocs in the Changjiang Estuary,China     

Z. Shi  H. J. Zhou 《水文研究》2004,18(15):2877-2892

Theoretical and experimental studies were undertaken to gain insight into physical parameters controlling the flocculation and settling properties of mud flocs in the Changjiang Estuary, China. The Rouse equation is applied to vertical profiles of suspended sediment concentration to determine the bulk mean settling velocity (w_s) of sediment suspended in the Changjiang Estuary. Both in situ point‐sampled and acoustically measured profiles of suspended mud concentrations were fit selectively. The calculated settling velocities w_s mainly ranged from 0·4 to 4·1 mm s^?1 for the point‐sampled data set, and from 1·0 to 3·0 mm s^?1 for the acoustically measured data set. Furthermore, the settling velocities of mud flocs increased with mean concentration (C?) of mud flocs in suspension and were proportional to increasing bottom shear stress (τ_b) of tidal flow. The best equation for the field settling velocity of mud flocs in the Changjiang Estuary can be expressed by the power law: w_s = mC?ⁿ (m, 1·14–2·37; n, 0·84–1·03). It is suggested that C? and τ_b were the dominant physical parameters controlling the flocculation and w_s of mud flocs in suspension. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Characteristics and sources of microplastic pollution in the water and sediments of the Jinjiang River Basin,Fujian Province,China     

《China Geology》2022,5(3):429-438

Microplastic pollution is widely distributed from surface water to sediments to groundwater vertically and from land to the ocean horizontally. This study collected samples from surface water, groundwater, and sediments from upper to lower reaches and then to the estuary in 16 typical areas in the Jinjiang River Basin, Fujian Province, China. Afterward, it determined the components and abundance of the microplastics and analyzed the possible microplastic sources through principal component analysis (PCA). As a result, seven main components of microplastics were detected, i.e., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyformaldehyde (POM), nylon 6 (PA6), and polystyrene (PS). Among them, PE and PP were found to have the highest proportion in the surface water and sediments and in the groundwater, respectively. The surface water, groundwater, and sediments had average microplastic abundance of 1.6 n/L, 2.7 n/L and 33.8 n/kg, respectively. The microplastics in the sediments had the largest particle size, while those in the groundwater had the smallest particle size. Compared with water bodies and sediments in other areas, those in the study area generally have medium-low-level microplastic abundance. Three pollution sources were determined according to PCA, i.e., the dominant agriculture-forestry-fishery source, domestic wastewater, and industrial production. This study can provide a scientific basis for the control of microplastics in rivers.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

近33ka以来辽河口沉积环境演变与生物硅记录          下载免费PDF全文

王雪飞  叶思源  韩宗珠袁红明  杨士雄  丁喜桂  赵广明  何磊  王锦  刘瑾 《中国地质》2015,(4):1092-1102

沉积物岩心记录着沉积环境的演变过程,其中生物硅(BSi)记录能反映硅质生物的生产力时间和空间变化,2012年5月在下辽河平原西南缘得到了ZK2钻孔柱状样,通过对其沉积物原位密度、生物硅、碳埋藏、粒度、AMS~(14)C和OSL测年、有孔虫鉴定、孢粉鉴定,将ZK2孔的沉积环境主要划分为上三角洲平原相沉积、海洋主导的沉积、湖相沉积、河道沉积4个沉积单元,其相应的生物硅(BSiO_2)浓度分布依次为(2.85±0.23)%、(1.55±0.10)%、(1.96±0.10)%、(0.92±0.05)%,并且生物硅的波动与颗粒有机碳浓度的波动同步。特别是在17~25 cal ka BP冰期形成的湖沼沉积出现较大的颗粒无机碳(PIC)浓度的波动,推测与当时干冷气候条件下CaCO_3过饱和从湖水中沉淀析出有关。钻孔沉积物生物硅浓度记录对格陵兰冰芯~(18)O同位素值的响应存在大约300 a的滞后现象。  相似文献   

Wave–current interaction in a river and wave dominant estuary: A seasonal contrast     

《Applied Ocean Research》2015

The dynamic feature of the Modaomen Estuary (ME) in the Pearl River Delta in southern China has been the subject of extensive research. In previous studies, wave–current interaction (WCI) was often neglected due to its complexity. This study uses a coupled hydrodynamic module TELEMAC-2D and wave propagation module TOMAWAC in the TELEMAC-Mascaret modeling system to quantify the effects of WCI on the hydrodynamics in the ME. The coupled wave and current modeling system was well validated against the field measurements at selected locations. The model results show that WCI varies with the seasonal change in runoff in the ME. The effect of waves on the currents is insignificant during the wet season with a current change of no more than 0.07 m/s; but, in contrast, the currents have a noticeable effect on waves. However, during the dry season, the interactions of waves and currents on each other are found to be equally significant. When wave model and current model are coupled, the velocity could increase up to a maximum of 0.30 m/s and decrease up to a maximum of 0.17 m/s. WCI is greatly affected by the propagation directions of wave and current in both seasons. Generally, wave height decreases and current increases for a following wave and current; wave height increases and current decreases for an opposing wave and current. The effects of waves on currents change with the tide. Changes are larger during neap tide than during spring tide, and stronger during ebb tide than during flood tide.  相似文献   

基于水淘选分级的长江口最大浑浊带附近颗粒有机碳的来源、分布和保存   总被引：6，自引：6，他引：0  

潘慧慧  姚鹏  赵彬  孟佳  李栋  王金鹏 《海洋学报》2015,37(4):1-15

从分粒级的角度研究大河河口颗粒有机碳的输送特征是深刻理解河口淡咸水混合过程中有机碳的生物地球化学过程的关键。于2011年6月采集了长江口最大浑浊带附近盐度梯度下的表层悬浮颗粒物,采用水淘选方法对其按照水动力直径大小进行了分级分离,分析了这些颗粒物的有机碳含量、稳定碳同位素组成及颗粒物比表面积等参数,讨论了不同粒级颗粒物上有机碳的来源、分布和保存随盐度的变化特点及其影响因素。结果表明,随着盐度的增加和粒径的增大,长江口最大浑浊带附近分级颗粒有机碳逐渐降低,颗粒有机碳含量主要集中在小于32μm的粒级。相对于长江干流,长江口颗粒有机碳含量偏低,可能归因于河口最大浑浊带附近特殊的生物地球化学作用,如细颗粒物絮凝——沉降、微生物分解等。基于蒙特卡洛模拟的三端元混合模型的计算表明长江口分级颗粒有机碳主要来源于河流和三角洲输入,海洋来源贡献较小,三者的平均贡献比例分别为40%、35%和25%。在河口盐度梯度的淡水端,不同粒级颗粒物上三角洲来源的有机碳比例均随着盐度升高而增加,而在咸水端,海源有机碳的贡献比例升高,尤其是在16-32μm粒级,最高达39%。32-63μm粒级的颗粒物单位比表面积有机碳含量均大于1.0mg/m~2,小于32μm的颗粒物单位比表面积有机碳含量均在0.4-1.0mg/m~2的范围之内,符合河流颗粒物的一般特点,同时也说明细颗粒物上的有机碳可能已经发生了一定程度的分解,不过相对于长江口表层沉积物,颗粒物单位比表面积有机碳含量普遍较高,表明这些颗粒有机碳在沉降过程中或沉积之后还要经历进一步的再矿化分解,初步的估算表明,长江所输送的陆源有机碳约71%会在沉积过程中损失掉。本研究有助于深入了解大河河口不同粒级颗粒物在有机碳迁移转化过程中的作用,深化对高浊度河口有机碳生物地球化学过程的认识。  相似文献   

2009—2011年东海陆架海域网采浮游植物群落的季节变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘海娇  傅文诚  孙军 《海洋学报》2015,37(10):106-122

根据2009年7、8月(夏季)、12月到翌年1月(冬季)、2010年11月(秋季)和2011年4、5月(春季)共4个航次在东海陆架区进行的现场多学科综合调查,报道了4个季节在整个东海海域的浮游植物的空间分布及群落结构特征,并探讨了影响其分布格局的环境因子效应。结果表明,东海浮游植物群落主要由硅藻、甲藻组成。共检出浮游植物5门88属299种(含未定种)。调查区夏季细胞丰度达最高,平均为(8 659.572±28 937.27)cell/L,其次是秋、冬季,春季最低,分别为(4 413.726±12 534.573)cell/L、(421.773±647.532)cell/L和(218.479±265.897)cell/L。硅藻细胞丰度在夏、秋、冬3个季节占总平均丰度的95%以上,甲藻细胞丰度在春季最高,占总浮游植物细胞丰度的69%。调查海区浮游植物丰度高值区主要集中在长江口海域,并向外海呈递减趋势。不同群落间存在季节更替和演替现象。物种丰富度自春夏秋冬逐渐升高。香农指数(Shannon-Wiener index)和均匀度指数(Pielou index)分布较为一致,物种丰富度指数(Margalef index)呈现时空分布差异。Pearson相关分析结果表明:不同季节的物种间更迭与海区特定的物理化学参数显著相关。  相似文献   

地形作用下的珠江河口能量平衡   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

LIU Huan  WU Chaoyu  WU Yaju 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(1):148-158

The Zhujiang River(Pearl River) Estuary(ZRE) is a very complicated and large-scale estuarine system in China. It consists of two parts: the river networks and the estuarine bays. Not only is the network system one of the most complicated in the world, but also each estuarine bay has a very special morphodynamic feature due to the geological settings. Morphological boundary conditions have direct effects on the energy dissipation and balance. On the basis of a three-dimensional(3-D) barotropic model whose domain includes the river networks and the estuarine bays, the energy budget is discussed under the influence of topography in the ZRE. The elevation and discharge of this model are validated by the observations collected in July 1999 and February 2001. The results show that(1) the source of energy in the ZRE is mainly generated by tides and river runoffs, which have an obvious seasonal change, and(2) there are some typical hotspots where the energy dissipation is 1–2 orders higher than those in the immediate upstream and downstream sections in the ZRE. These hotspots are linked with the small-scale dynamic structures(SSDS) and morphological units. On the basis of the characteristics of the morphology and the energy dissipation, the hotspots can be categorized into three types: the outlet of the ZRE, the meandering river, the branch and junction.  相似文献