2009—2011年东海陆架海域网采浮游植物群落的季节变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘海娇  傅文诚  孙军 《海洋学报》2015,37(10):106-122

根据2009年7、8月(夏季)、12月到翌年1月(冬季)、2010年11月(秋季)和2011年4、5月(春季)共4个航次在东海陆架区进行的现场多学科综合调查,报道了4个季节在整个东海海域的浮游植物的空间分布及群落结构特征,并探讨了影响其分布格局的环境因子效应。结果表明,东海浮游植物群落主要由硅藻、甲藻组成。共检出浮游植物5门88属299种(含未定种)。调查区夏季细胞丰度达最高,平均为(8 659.572±28 937.27)cell/L,其次是秋、冬季,春季最低,分别为(4 413.726±12 534.573)cell/L、(421.773±647.532)cell/L和(218.479±265.897)cell/L。硅藻细胞丰度在夏、秋、冬3个季节占总平均丰度的95%以上,甲藻细胞丰度在春季最高,占总浮游植物细胞丰度的69%。调查海区浮游植物丰度高值区主要集中在长江口海域,并向外海呈递减趋势。不同群落间存在季节更替和演替现象。物种丰富度自春夏秋冬逐渐升高。香农指数(Shannon-Wiener index)和均匀度指数(Pielou index)分布较为一致,物种丰富度指数(Margalef index)呈现时空分布差异。Pearson相关分析结果表明:不同季节的物种间更迭与海区特定的物理化学参数显著相关。  相似文献   

基于水淘选分级的长江口最大浑浊带附近颗粒有机碳的来源、分布和保存   总被引：6，自引：6，他引：0  

潘慧慧  姚鹏  赵彬  孟佳  李栋  王金鹏 《海洋学报》2015,37(4):1-15

从分粒级的角度研究大河河口颗粒有机碳的输送特征是深刻理解河口淡咸水混合过程中有机碳的生物地球化学过程的关键。于2011年6月采集了长江口最大浑浊带附近盐度梯度下的表层悬浮颗粒物,采用水淘选方法对其按照水动力直径大小进行了分级分离,分析了这些颗粒物的有机碳含量、稳定碳同位素组成及颗粒物比表面积等参数,讨论了不同粒级颗粒物上有机碳的来源、分布和保存随盐度的变化特点及其影响因素。结果表明,随着盐度的增加和粒径的增大,长江口最大浑浊带附近分级颗粒有机碳逐渐降低,颗粒有机碳含量主要集中在小于32μm的粒级。相对于长江干流,长江口颗粒有机碳含量偏低,可能归因于河口最大浑浊带附近特殊的生物地球化学作用,如细颗粒物絮凝——沉降、微生物分解等。基于蒙特卡洛模拟的三端元混合模型的计算表明长江口分级颗粒有机碳主要来源于河流和三角洲输入,海洋来源贡献较小,三者的平均贡献比例分别为40%、35%和25%。在河口盐度梯度的淡水端,不同粒级颗粒物上三角洲来源的有机碳比例均随着盐度升高而增加,而在咸水端,海源有机碳的贡献比例升高,尤其是在16-32μm粒级,最高达39%。32-63μm粒级的颗粒物单位比表面积有机碳含量均大于1.0mg/m~2,小于32μm的颗粒物单位比表面积有机碳含量均在0.4-1.0mg/m~2的范围之内,符合河流颗粒物的一般特点,同时也说明细颗粒物上的有机碳可能已经发生了一定程度的分解,不过相对于长江口表层沉积物,颗粒物单位比表面积有机碳含量普遍较高,表明这些颗粒有机碳在沉降过程中或沉积之后还要经历进一步的再矿化分解,初步的估算表明,长江所输送的陆源有机碳约71%会在沉积过程中损失掉。本研究有助于深入了解大河河口不同粒级颗粒物在有机碳迁移转化过程中的作用,深化对高浊度河口有机碳生物地球化学过程的认识。  相似文献   

地形作用下的珠江河口能量平衡   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

LIU Huan  WU Chaoyu  WU Yaju 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(1):148-158

The Zhujiang River(Pearl River) Estuary(ZRE) is a very complicated and large-scale estuarine system in China. It consists of two parts: the river networks and the estuarine bays. Not only is the network system one of the most complicated in the world, but also each estuarine bay has a very special morphodynamic feature due to the geological settings. Morphological boundary conditions have direct effects on the energy dissipation and balance. On the basis of a three-dimensional(3-D) barotropic model whose domain includes the river networks and the estuarine bays, the energy budget is discussed under the influence of topography in the ZRE. The elevation and discharge of this model are validated by the observations collected in July 1999 and February 2001. The results show that(1) the source of energy in the ZRE is mainly generated by tides and river runoffs, which have an obvious seasonal change, and(2) there are some typical hotspots where the energy dissipation is 1–2 orders higher than those in the immediate upstream and downstream sections in the ZRE. These hotspots are linked with the small-scale dynamic structures(SSDS) and morphological units. On the basis of the characteristics of the morphology and the energy dissipation, the hotspots can be categorized into three types: the outlet of the ZRE, the meandering river, the branch and junction.  相似文献   

淡水径流影响下珊瑚温度计(B/Ca、Mg/Ca、Sr/Ca、U/Ca和δ¹⁸O)的稳定性测试     

陈天然  余克服  赵建新  严宏强  宋垠先  俸月星  陈特固 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(8):20-26

对南海北部珠江口采集的滨珊瑚骨骼地球化学温度计指标B/Ca、Mg/Ca、Sr/Ca、U/Ca和δ¹⁸O进行了分析,目的在于测试这些地化指标在径流冲淡水影响下的稳定性.测试方法是将各个地化指标与水温对比并进行相关性分析.结果表明,Sr/Ca比值与当地水温有最好的相关性(r²=0.59),说明Sr/Ca是最稳定的温度计指标.而δ¹⁸O(r²=0.46)、B/Ca(r²=0.43)和U/Ca(r²=0.41)与水温的相关系数相对较低,说明这些指标除受到水温控制以外还受到其他环境因素的影响.在这些指标中,相关性最低的是Mg/Ca(r²=0.27),说明Mg/Ca受到除水温以外的因素影响最为显著,这就限制了Mg/Ca作为有效的温度计指标应用于古气候重建的研究.  相似文献   

Seasonality of modern pollen and sediment deposition in an estuarine context: the Severn Estuary Levels,southwest England     

J. R. L. Allen  Petra Dark 《第四纪科学杂志》2008,23(3):213-228

Recent sedimentological and palynological research on subfossil Holocene banded sediments from the Severn Estuary Levels suggested seasonality of deposition, registered by variations in mineral grain‐size and pollen assemblages between different parts of the bands. Here we provide data that strengthen this interpretation from sampling of modern sediments and pollen deposition on an active mudflat and saltmarsh on the margin of the Severn Estuary, and comparison with a vegetation survey and contemporary records of climate, river and tidal regimes. The results of grain‐size analysis indicate deposition of comparatively coarse‐grained silts during the relatively cool and windy conditions of winter and comparatively fine‐grained sediments during relatively warm and calm summer months. Pollen analysis demonstrates the significance of long‐term storage of pollen grains and fern spores in the estuarine waterbody, superimposed on which seasonal variations in pollen inputs from local and regional vegetation remain detectable. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Suspended particulate matter and dynamics of the Mfolozi estuary,Kwazulu-Natal: Implications for environmental management     

P. Lindsay  T. R. Mason  S. Pillay  C. I. Wright 《Environmental Geology》1996,28(1):40-51

 The Mfolozi Estuary on the KwaZulu-Natal coast of South Africa is the most turbid estuary in Natal due to poor catchment management, leading to large quantities of suspended particulate matter (SPM) entering the estuary from the Mfolozi River. This paper quantities some of the solute and sediment dynamics in the Mfolozi Estuary where the main documented environmental concern is the periodic input of SPM from the Mfolozi Estuary to the St. Lucia system, causing reduction of light penetration and endangering biological productivity in this important nature reserve. Synoptic water level results have allowed reach mean bed shear stresses and velocities to be calculated for an observed neap tidal cycle. Results indicate that ebb velocities dominate the sediment transport processes in the estuary when fluvial input in the Mfolozi River is of the order of 15–20 m³ s^–1. Observed and predicted flood tide velocities are too low (<0.35 m s^–1) to suspend and transport significant amounts of SPM. Observed results indicate that although the SPM load entering the estuary is dominantly from the Mfolozi River, the Msunduzi River flow plays a major role in the composition of the estuary's salinity and velocity fields. It is calculated that the Mfolozi Estuary would fill with sediment in 1.3 years if it was cut off from the sea. The major fluvial flood events help maintain the estuary by periodically pushing sediment seawards (spit progrades seawards 5 m yr^–1) and scouring and maintaining the main flow channel in the estuary. During low fluvial flow conditions, tidal flow velocities will become the dominant control on sediment transport in the estuary. Interchange of SPM between the St. Lucia and Mfolozi estuaries under present conditions is complicated by the strong transverse velocity shear between the two systems at their combined mouth. This is creating a salinity-maintained axial convergence front that suppresses mixing of solutes and SPM between the systems for up to 10 h of the tidal cycle during observed conditions. Received: 22 May 1995 · Accepted: 31 July 1995  相似文献   

Sediment source variations and lead-210 inventories in recent Potomac Estuary sediment cores     

Frank Oldfield  Barbara A. Maher  Peter G. Appleby 《第四纪科学杂志》1989,4(3):189-200

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长江河口三角洲问题评述   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

李春初 《地理学报》1991,46(1):115-121

本文评述了古冈身、太湖成因及长江三角洲发育阶段性的研究现状,并对若干问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Evaluation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen eliminating capability of the sediment in the tidal wetland of the Yangtze Estuary     

WANG Jun  CHEN Zhen-Lou  WANG Dong-Qi  SUN Xiao-Jing  HU Shi-Yuan 《地理学报》2009,30(4):447-460

Estuarine wetlands serve as a natural barrier to remove the land-generated pollutants and attenuate the pollutant load from the land to the sea.As one of the most important estuarine wetlands,the Yangtze estuarine wetlands have attracted particular interests in the biogeochemical studies of nutrients.The objectives of this study were to characterize the seasonal and spatial distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) fluxes across the sediment-water interface;to calculate the total DIN fluxes in a year and different seasons;and to evaluate the DIN removing capability of the sediment in the tidal wetlands of the Yangtze Estuary.The spatial distribution of DIN fluxes shows complicated seasonal variations and spatial differences.The annual DIN fluxes range from-22.22 mmol N m-2 h-1 to 19.54 mmol N m-2 h-1,with an average of-1.48±1.34 mmol N m-2 h-1.The tidal wetlands in the Yangtze Estuary behave as a source of water DIN in spring when DIN is released from sediment into overlying water,and the released amount of DIN is 1.33×104 tons of nitrogen(T N).In summer,autumn and winter,the sediment absorbs the DIN from the overlying water,and the absorbed amounts of DIN are 4.36×104 T N,6.81×104 T N and 2.24×104 T N,respectively.The average amount of DIN in overlying water of the Yangtze Estuary is 52.6×104 T N yr-1,and the perennial average amount of DIN absorbed from the overlying water by the sediment is 12.1×104 T N yr-1.The annual DIN elimination rate of the tidal wetlands was 23.0%.  相似文献   

Classification of highly turbid Jiaojiang Estuary     

Dong Lixian 《海洋学报(英文版)》1998,17(4):469-482

ThisstudywassupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChinaundercontractNo.49276274,theZhejiangProvinceNaturalScienceFoundationundercontractNo.490013,theChina-Australiabilateralscienceandtechnologyprogram,theAustralianInstituteofMarineScience,theModellingLaboratoryoftheMarineScienceintheSecondInstituteofOceanographyoftheStateOceanicAdministration.INTRODUCTIONTheJiaojiangEstuaryis1ocatedintheeasterncoastofChina,2OokmfromthesouthoftheChangjiangRiver(YangtzeRiver),linkedin…  相似文献