扫描电镜分析各类微体化石样品最佳镀膜的探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张素新  严春杰 《地质科技情报》1998,17(4):98-100

根据多年的工作经验和试验对比,总结出了非导电微体化石－放射虫,硅藻,竹节石,有孔虫,介形虫,轮藻,牙形石,海绵骨针等的最佳镀膜方法和最佳镀膜厚度。  相似文献   

Soil water residence times and solute uptake on a dolomite bedrock—preliminary results     

Stephen T. Trudgill  Ian M. S. Laidlaw  Peter L. Smart 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1980,5(1):91-100

Calcium and magnesium levels have been monitored in slope foot drainage waters on a dolomite bedrock. Both calcium and magnesium rich pulses occur. Short term dissolution experiments demonstrate high calcium levels in solution while other authors have suggested that long residence time groundwater has relatively high levels of magnesium due to calcite precipitation. Patterns of field fluctuations in Ca: Mg ratios can thus be tentatively interpreted in terms of short residence time water of high calcium content mixing with long residence time water of high magnesium content. Fluorometric dye tracing has been used to indicate the orders of magnitude of soil water residence times, suggesting that quickflow components are resident in the system for a few hours to a few days. Further work is in progress.  相似文献   

裸体方格星虫和可口革囊星虫精子超微结构的比较分析     

陈慧  林国文  柯才焕  王兴春  陈武 《台湾海峡》2009,28(4)

用透射电子显微镜,观察了裸体方格星虫和可口革囊星虫精子的超微结构.这2种星虫成熟精子均由头部、中部和尾部组成,但其精子头部的超微结构不尽相同:裸体方格星虫精子的头部与可口革囊星虫精子的头部相比较小,由棒状"八"字形顶体与哑铃形细胞核及顶体下腔构成,而顶体下腔内没有明显的顶体棒结构.可口革囊格星虫精子的头部虽也由顶体、顶体下腔和核组成,其顶体呈圆弧形,精核为鸭梨形,核物质电子密度高,核内含空泡,顶体下腔中似有一顶体棒结构.这2种星虫精子的中部和尾部基本类似,仅中部的线粒体数目不同,裸体方格星虫精子的线粒体略少,有4～5个,而可口革囊星虫精子有5～7个.精子的尾部由远端中心粒延伸而出,均为细长鞭状,由轴丝及包绕轴丝的质膜组成,轴丝为典型的"9+2"结构.研究结果表明,精子的超微结构可以作为鉴别这2种星虫的依据.  相似文献   

Reinvestigation of the irregularities in the 3H decay     

《Astroparticle Physics》2013

Having in mind the potential impact of the results presented by Veprev and Muromtsev (2012) [13] on our knowledge of the universe, we reinvestigated the liquid scintillation measurement of the count rate variations of ³H. Making use of the sophisticated Quantulus liquid scintillation spectrometer, we found that the measurement of the high-energy tail of ³H spectrum may be significantly influenced by instrumental instability. Thus, the possible explanation for the relatively high count rate variations of Veprev and Muromtsev (2012) [13] can be attributed mainly to the walk of the cut-off in the integrated spectrum, although weak variations of different origin could be masked by such cut-off drifts. In our experiment we have also registered the oscillatory behavior of measured high-energy tail of ³H spectrum, but with very small amplitude (less than 0.5%), which cannot be easily explained only by instrumental instability. When the total ³H spectrum was measured, no significant variations in the count rate were found.  相似文献   

液闪法测量水中氚放射性活度的淬灭效应   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

张向阳  刘福亮  张琳  郭华良 《岩矿测试》2010,29(4):469-471

采用液体闪烁计数法进行放射性同位素测量时存在淬灭效应,而且几乎每个样品的淬灭程度都不同,并影响测量精度。采用液体闪烁计数法测量水中氚的放射性活度,淬灭是难以避免的,因此要进行淬灭校正,才能使不同淬灭程度的样品的测量结果具有可比性。淬灭校正的方法有很多,外标准校正法是一种比较可靠的方法。文章采用氚外标准校正法进行实验,得出淬灭校正曲线即探测效率E与淬灭参数SQP(E)的关系式为E=0.001 3SQP(E)-0.707 6,经过样品验证,该曲线是可靠的。采用外标准校正法适合于大批样品的测量。  相似文献   

基于深度学习的循环水养殖鳗鲡(Anguilla)计数研究     

李凯  江兴龙  陈尔康  陈彭  许志扬  林茜 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(3):664-674

鳗鲡(Anguilla)作为我国优质水产养殖种类,精准掌握其数量对高效养殖有重要意义。为实现对循环水养殖鳗鲡的准确计数,提出了一种基于深度学习的改进Faster RCNN模型。针对检测目标即鳗鲡头部尺寸小的问题,选择在特征提取网络ResNet50中加入FPN结构来作为模型的骨干网络,以提取并融合多尺度的特征;针对原模型锚框都是基于人工经验设置的,并不适用于鳗鲡数据集的问题,使用k-means聚类算法对训练集中标注的鳗鲡头部检测框进行聚类分析,获得了适合鳗鲡数据集的15种不同尺度的锚框;针对图像中存在鳗鲡头部重叠的问题,选择使用Soft-NMS算法替代原NMS算法对RPN部分生成的候选框进行筛选,以减少模型对鳗鲡重叠部分的漏检情况。试验结果表明:改进后的Faster RCNN模型对鳗鲡头部的检测精度(mAP^0.5)高达96.5%,较原Faster RCNN模型(Backbone为ResNet50)显著提升了14%,与SSD300和YOLOV3模型相比分别显著提升了24.9%和15%;在鳗鲡计数上,利用改进后的Faster RCNN模型检测结果进行计数,计数准确率达到90%以上,提升了模型对鳗鲡的检测识别能力。  相似文献   

基于残差神经网络改进的密集人群计数方法     

史劲霖  周良辰  闾国年  林冰仙 《地球信息科学学报》2021,23(9):1537-1547

为避免密集人群踩踏事件发生,从监控图像中准确获取密集人群人数信息非常重要。针对密集人群计数难度大、人群目标小、场景尺度变化大等特点,本文提出一种新型神经网络结构VGG-ResNeXt。本网络使用VGG-16的前10层作粗粒度特征提取器,使用改进的残差神经网络作为细粒度特征提取器。利用改进的残差神经网络“多通道,共激活”的特点,使得单列式人群计数神经网络获得了多列式人群计数网络的优点（即从小目标、多尺度的密集人群图像中提取更多人群特征）,同时避免了多列式人群计数网络训练难度大、结构冗余等缺点。实验结果表明本模型在UCF-CC-50数据集、ShangHaiTech B数据集和UCF-QNRF数据集中取得了最高精度,MAE指标分别优于其他同期模型7.5%、18.8%和2.4%,证明了本模型的在计数精度方面的有效性。本研究成果可以有效帮助城市管理,有效缓解公安疏导压力,保障人民生命财产安全。  相似文献   

Tracing dissolved organic matter cycling in the eastern boundary of the temperate North Atlantic using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

Apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption spectra, and CDOM fluorescence characteristic of aromatic amino acids (excitation/emission 280 nm/320 nm; F(280/320)) and marine-humic like substances (320 nm/410 nm; F(320/410)) were measured in full depth during a cruise in the temperate Eastern North Atlantic (ENA). An optimum multi-parameter (OMP) inverse method was run to calculate water mass proportion-weighted average (archetypal) concentrations of these chemical parameters for all water masses and samples. Archetypal concentrations retain the variability due to water mass mixing and basin scale mineralization from the water mass formation sites to the study area. Conversely, the difference between measured and archetypal concentrations, retain the variability due to dissimilarities in mineralization processes within the study area. Our analysis indicates that DOC supported 26±3% of the AOU in the dark temperate ENA and that basin scale processes occurring at and from the formation area of the water masses explained 63% of the total DOC variability. Our data also suggests that DOC remineralized at the basin scale was of lower molecular weight, and with a lower proportion of fluorescent aromatic amino acids than found within the study area. The relationship between the absorption coefficient at 254 nm (a_CDOM(254)) and AOU indicates that a_CDOM(254) was consumed during organic matter remineralization in the dark ocean, with 55% of the variability being explained by basin scale processes. The relationships of F(320/410) with AOU and DOC confirmed that marine humic-like substances are produced by microbial degradation processes, at a rate of 6.1±0.9×10⁻³ mg equivalents of QS mol AOU⁻¹. Our results also indicate that basin-scale remineralization processes account for 85% of the total variability of F(320/410), emphasizing that large scale processes control the formation of humic-like substance in the dark ENA.  相似文献   

光学显微镜成像方式及投影冷光源的分频合成探讨     

赵应权  沈忠民  王鹏 《岩矿测试》2014,33(5):674-680

传统显微镜光源主要包括卤素灯光源、纯水过滤热射线光源、LED光源等,由于卤素灯光源含有大量760~1400 nm区段的红外线,纯水过滤热射线光源滤除红外线不彻底且水会导致透射光线的部分散射,LED光源在500 nm波长附近的光照强度不足、波形存在缺陷,容易灼伤样品或使成像质量受限,都难以满足需要采用大功率冷光源进行无损、高质量显微观察成像和测试的要求。本文在总结光学显微镜的成像方式、光源类型及各类光源优缺点的基础上,提出了采用三棱镜-凸透镜组分频合成冷光源的新思路。该思路首先利用三棱镜将卤素灯光源光谱按频率顺序打开,然后选择可见光区域内的光谱,用凸透镜组校正可见光方向后,再由三棱镜将这些可见光合成不含热射线的冷光源。理论和砂岩荧光薄片实际测试效果表明,该方法既可完全排除热射线,从而使样品免遭受破坏,又保持了完整的可见光光谱,解决了大功率冷光源红外线生热和光谱存在缺陷的难题,这为采用大功率冷光源的光学显微镜投影高质量成像提供了新的方法及切实可行的依据。该套分频合成光源的装置主要配置为:玻璃材质的同规格的三棱镜与凸透镜各两个,卤素灯光源一个。结构简单,可在需使用大功率冷光源进行无损成像和测试等方面获得广泛的应用。  相似文献   

Rapid assessment of beta dose variation inside cobbles,and implications for rock luminescence dating     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

Variation in beta dose rate within rocks may impact the results of rock surface luminescence dating, for both the burial age of cobbles and exposure age of rock surfaces. Current methods of rock surface luminescence dating assume that radionuclides are homogeneously distributed inside rocks. In this study, two rapid methods based on beta counting and on a portable XRF instrument were developed to measure the radioactivity of rock slices. These methods were applied to rock slices from four glaciofluvial granite cobbles that had previously been used for equivalent dose determination to test whether beta dose variation could be observed. Results from beta counting and K content from XRF show similar patterns and both vary along the depth profiles, but the magnitude of this variability is very different amongst the four cobbles. In rocks where the dose rate is highly variable, bleaching may not be the only source of variation of L_n/T_n or equivalent dose (D_e) along the luminescence-depth profile of cobbles, and it may be necessary to measure the beta dose rate for every single slice to determine whether multiple bleaching events are recorded or variations in D_e are due to dose rate heterogeneity.  相似文献