玉环坎门排污口邻近岩相潮间带生物分布特征   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

高爱根  杨俊毅  曾江宁  王春生  胡锡钢  陈全震  朱根海 《海洋学研究》2004,22(4):24-30

2002年8月对玉环坎门污水处理厂排污口邻近岩相潮间带生物进行定性和定量样品采样,共鉴定出生物57种,其中大型藻类8种、多毛类动物2种、软体动物28种、甲壳类动物13种、棘皮动物1种和其它类动物5种。该排污口邻近两侧岩相潮间带平均生物量为1544.72g/m2,平均栖息密度为3948个/m2。位于排污口左侧的I断面生物量和栖息密度(2406.19g/m2和7415个/m2)明显高于II断面(683.27g/m2和484个/m2),I断面的生物多样性指数(0.91)和均匀度指数(0.39)小于II断面(1.80和0.68);两条断面生物量垂直分布均为中潮区>低潮区>高潮区,I断面栖息密度分布为中潮区>低潮区>高潮区,II断面栖息密度分布为中潮区>高潮区>低潮区。对排污口邻近岩相潮间带生物生态分析表明,该潮间带生物数量的水平分布受海岸开敞度的影响,而垂直分布则与潮区的不同和浪击度的强弱有关。  相似文献   

Weathering of granite in Antarctica: I. Light penetration into rock and implications for rock weathering and endolithic communities     

Kevin Hall  Mauro Guglielmin  Andrea Strini 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2008,33(2):295-307

Where rocks are composed of translucent minerals, light penetrates the rock and, in so doing, impacts on the thermal conditions. Where minerals are not translucent all the heat transformation must be at the rock surface, and steep thermal gradients can occur. Where light does penetrate, a component of the incoming radiation is transformed to heat at differing depths within the rock, thereby decreasing the thermal gradient. Equally, light transmissive minerals facilitate endolithic communities, which can also play a role in rock weathering. The attribute of light transmission within rock and the impact this has on the resulting thermal conditions has not been considered within rock weathering studies. An attempt was made to monitor the amount of light penetrating the outer 2 mm of coarse granite under Antarctic summer conditions and to evaluate the thermal impact of this. It was found that the amount of light penetration at this site exceeded modeled or postulated values from biological studies and that it could significantly impact the thermal conditions within the outer shell of the rock. Although the resulting data highlighted a number of flaws in the experimental procedure, sufficient information was generated to provide the first assessment of the range of thermal responses due to light transmissive minerals in rock. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Volatile Organic Compounds in Various Marine Organisms From the Southern North Sea     

Patrick Roose  Udo A. Th. Brinkman 《Marine pollution bulletin》2000,40(12):1167-1177

The concentration levels of 12 priority volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were determined in two species of vertebrates and four species of invertebrates from sampling stations in the southern North Sea, using a modified Tekmar LSC 2000 purge and trap system coupled to gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer (GC–MS). In general, concentration levels of VOCs found in this study were of the same order of magnitude as those previously reported in the literature. The concentrations of the chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), with the exception of chloroform, tended to be lower than those of the monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs). The experimental data were statistically evaluated using both cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). From the results of cluster analysis and PCA, no specific groups could be distinguished on the basis of geographical, temporal or biological parameters. However, based on the cluster analysis and the PCA, the VOCs could be divided into three groups, C₂-substituted benzenes, CHCs and benzene plus toluene. This division could be related to different types of sources. Finally, it was shown that organisms can be used to monitor the presence of VOCs in the marine environment and the observed concentrations levels were compared with proposed safety levels.  相似文献   

粘土-MMH体系絮凝赤潮生物的动力学研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

宋秀贤  俞志明  孙晓霞 《海洋与湖沼》2000,31(4):434-440

根据分子碰撞理论和粘土表面改性对絮凝作用的影响,进行了粘土－ＭＭＨ体系絮凝沉降赤潮异弯藻（Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｓｉｇｍａ ａｋａｓｈｉｗｏ针藻）和新月菱形藻（Ｎｉｔｚｓｃｈｉａ ｃｌｏｔｅｒｉｕｍ）硅藻）表面电性,并对上述两种藻进行絮凝动力学实验。结果表明,一定颗粒度的粘土对赤潮异弯藻和新月菱表藻的絮凝速率随体系中ＭＭＨ比例的增大而呈不同程度的提高,对于粘土／ＭＭＨ比一定的混合体系,絮凝速率随粘土浓度的增  相似文献   

舟山朱家尖海域污损生物的分布特征及其与环境因子的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王晓波  龙绍桥  何东海  魏永杰  杨耀芳  杨元利 《海洋学研究》2012,30(1):41-50

根据2007年3月至2008年2月在舟山朱家尖蜈蚣客运码头进行的污损生物挂板试验,对该海域污损生物的种类组成、附着季节、生物量分布及生态特点进行了初步研究。结果表明:该海域共鉴定出污损生物85种,其中,藻类13种,腔肠动物13种,苔藓虫4种,多毛类12种,软体动物8种,甲壳类22种和其它13种。优势种为中胚花筒螅Tubularia mesembryanthemum、泥藤壶Balanus uliginosus、白脊藤壶Balanus albicostatus、僧帽牡蛎Saccostrea cucullata、近江牡蛎Crassostrea rivularis、马尔他钩虾Melita sp.、圆鳃麦杆虫Caprella acutifrons、长鳃麦杆虫C.equilibra和盘管虫Hydroides sp.。朱家尖海域全年都有污损生物繁殖附着,其中6—10月为附着盛期,表层和中层月板生物量的高峰值均出现在7月,最低值分别出现在2月和1月,表层月板全年附着总生物量为2 006.1g/m2,月平均生物量为167.18g/m2;中层月板全年附着总生物量为2 388.15g/m2,月平均生物量为199.01g/m2;季度板污损生物生物量按高低依次为:夏季>秋季>春季>冬季;上半年板污损生物的生物量>下半年板。在垂直分布上,除季度板外,其它试板的生物量和附着密度均为中层>表层。根据污损生物的生态习性、分布特征及对盐度的适应,可将舟山朱家尖海域主要污损生物定义为河口低盐种。水温是影响调查海域污损生物分布的主要因素,水体盐度则对朱家尖海域污损生物的种类及指标种分布具有决定性作用。  相似文献   

Contamination of harbor sediments in the eastern Gulf of Finland (Neva Bay), Baltic Sea     

S. M. Ussenkov 《Environmental Geology》1997,32(4):274-280

 The areal distribution of oil products and various trace metals have been studied in bottom surface deposits from the harbors of Neva Bay. The data of contents were normalized to natural background concentrations. Also the size and biomass of benthos groups were analyzed. The results show clearly that industrial discharges have elevated levels of contamination in the sediments. Few efficient measures against environmental contamination have been taken. The sediments contain very high concentrations of oil products and such heavy metals as Hg, Pb, Cu, and Zn. The benthic organisms most sensitive to heavy metal contamination are Chironomidae. The dredging and dumping of the contaminated deposits can lead to secondary contamination of the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic proper. Received: 18 November 1996 · Accepted: 17 March 1997  相似文献   

泛华北区石炭系、二叠系内部的重要地质演化转折     

陶明华  赵力民陶亮 《地层学杂志》2005,29(11):534-540

对华北地台及邻近区域内重要露头及钻井剖面的石炭系及二叠系展开新一轮系统研究，发现在这一套地层中存在两个重要的地质演化过程转折，即下石炭统、上石炭统之间及中二叠统、上二叠统之间（相当于华北新分层系统上石盒子组与平顶山组之间）存在两个地质演化过程转折。后一转折更为显著：转折面之下，气候背景干热化特征突出，沉积序列呈显著水退趋势，盆地萎缩，石膏质或红色泥质岩系发育，层系沉积缺失或剥蚀缺失现象严重，特化生物类型发育；转折面之上，气候背景呈现降温趋势，沉积序列呈显著水进趋势，盆地覆盖范围急剧扩展，沉积层系在区域上呈大规模超覆，与强烈引张断陷活动相关的砂砾岩发育，暗色泥质岩层系随之出现，特化生物类型迅速衰退。从地球表层系统演化及盆地发育角度考虑，后一转折面在地史占有更为突出的地位，应受到充分关注。  相似文献   

卤虫在单细胞藻类培养中作用的初步观察   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于琳江 《海洋科学》1999,23(6):58-60

在扁藻（Ｔｅｔｒａｓｅｌｍｉｓｓｐ．和Ｐｌａｔｙｍｏｎａｓｓｐ．）藻液中接种适量的卤虫（Ａｒｔｅｍｉａｓａｌｉｎａ）,通过卤虫对藻液中细菌及原生动物等敌害生物的捕食作用,可以有效地控制敌害生物对藻类的危害。通过卤虫对藻液中衰老及死亡的藻细胞的捕食,可以使藻种得以优化。而且,通过卤虫的代谢作用,藻类生长所必需的营养元素得以还原。  相似文献   

饵料生物生产与自然耕种及生活污水、农业废物的处理     

朱祖培 《台湾海峡》1998,(Z1)

高畦深沟种植水稻、有机蔬菜,沟中施投化粪池污水、生活废水、腐烂瓜果蔬菜、各类粪便、田间杂草、藤蔓秸秆等培养水蚯蚓、福寿螺、小球藻、水蚤等饵料生物,构成良性循环的人工生态系统,通过水生生物和农作物的作用使有机污染物在田间得到衰减和清除。这种立体生产、综合利用集约生产模式,有利于降低饵料生物生产成本,有助于解决自然耕种收获量较少、成本较高的问题,能使有机垃圾、污水处理工艺简单、费用少,并能变废为宝生产出大量的动物蛋白和植物蛋白。  相似文献   

北部湾东北部海区污着生物研究     

严涛  严文侠  董钰  王华接  严岩  梁冠和  朱金龙 《热带海洋学报》1998,(2)

1986年6月至1987年6月,在北部湾东北部离岸分别为40和3．6nmile处布设了BZ,B3两个浮标调查站,以了解该海区的污着生物生态特点。调查结果表明,该水域的污着生物主要为热带、亚热带海域沿岸常见种类,其中无柄蔓足类在近岸的B3站处于绝对优势的地位;至于远岸的BZ站;不仅珍珠贝和牡蛎等双壳类软体动物的生物附着量（湿重）高于B3站,而且还有少量的茗荷Lepasanatifera、鹅茗荷L．anserdera等外海性种类出现。  相似文献