赣南横市辉长岩的成因及其地质意义:年代学、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素证据     

贾小辉  王晓地  杨文强  周岱 《岩石学报》2021,37(5):1405-1418

华南早古生代基性岩浆岩出露少而小,对其岩石成因的研究仍存在较大争议,较大地制约了对华南早古生代造山作用的深入理解。横市辉长岩位于赣南地区,有数个小的侵入体组成,SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果显示其形成时代为423.3±4.9Ma。辉长岩具有均一的硅含量(Si O_2=49.14%～52.05%),相对高的镁含量(Mg O=7.16%～9.43%)和Mg~#值(60.7～67.3)。稀土总量(∑REE)为80.6×10~(-6)～131.5×10~(-6),无-弱的铕正异常(δ_(Eu)=0.97～1.21)。Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素组成为:ISr=0.7048～0.7060,ε_(Nd)(423Ma)=-3.11～-1.97;(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i=17.73～18.03,(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i=15.57～15.59,(~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb)i=37.80～38.19;ε_(Hf)(t)=-3.71～+1.55。元素及同位素组成表明,横市辉长岩可能源自类似于EMⅠ和EMⅡ混合的富集地幔源区的部分熔融。大规模的岩石圈拆沉作用可能是形成华南早古生代基性岩石的动力学机制。  相似文献   

地球化学场及其在隐伏矿体三维预测中的作用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张宝一  陈伊如  黄岸烁  陆浩  成秋明 《岩石学报》2018,34(2):352-362

本文从物理学"场论"的角度介绍了地球化学场的概念,并从场源、场作用及地球化学指标分布三个基本要素出发阐述了地球化学场的扩散、对流-扩散的动力学机制。首先,按照采样介质,将地球化学场分为原生的岩石地球化学场,以及次生的土壤、水系沉积物、水文和气体地球化学场,描述了组成各类地球化学场的要素。其次,将地球化学场的分析方法概括为静态的空间结构分析和动态的时空结构分析两种,提出要以场的动力学机制为基础,利用地球物理学中的正、反演理论来研究四维时空中地球化学场的发展和演化。最后,探讨了地球化学场时空结构分析与三维地学模拟两者之间彼此补充和相互验证的关系,三维地学模拟构建的场源及空间介质模型,为地球化学场的正、反演提供了初始条件,地球化学场反演的结果又可用来修正三维地质模型;探讨了地球化学场与大数据分析技术间的关系,即采用大数据的"数据驱动"的思路来挖掘其与多元地学数据之间的隐性联系,探索其与成矿过程的关联性。地球化学场与三维地学模拟、大数据分析技术的结合将为隐伏矿体三维预测中地下成矿物质的分布和演化提供依据。  相似文献   

滇西北普朗斑岩铜矿与成矿有关的花岗岩与全球埃达克岩的对比:大数据研究的初步结果   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘学龙  李文昌  张娜  朱俊  罗应  杨富成  张昌振  王帅帅 《岩石学报》2018,34(2):289-302

云南格咱岛弧是西南三江构造-岩浆岩带中义敦岛弧的重要组成部分,位于义敦岛弧带的南端,是中国西部地区一个重要的铜铅锌多金属成矿带和印支期斑岩铜矿带,其中普朗斑岩型铜矿是印支期斑岩铜矿的典型代表。本文在前人研究基础上,采用大数据分析技术,对普朗斑岩铜矿与成矿有关的花岗岩与全球埃达克岩进行了对比研究,得到506个元素组合,获得交叠率比值127765个。结果表明,普朗斑岩与全球埃达克岩的地球化学数据基本上重叠,具有与全球埃达克岩类似的特征;但Cu、Mo、Pb、Zn成矿元素明显超出全球埃达克岩的分布范围,REE和Ga与主元素的比值虽然在全球埃达克岩范围内,却显示了位于全球埃达克岩某个端元的现象。另外,与斑岩铜矿有关的埃达克岩分布于全球埃达克岩范围的局部,数据部分或大部分逸出了全球埃达克岩分布的范围,具有低Sr/Cu、Ta/Cu、Al/Mo、Mn/Zn、Mn/Cu、Mn/Mo以及Hf、K、Ti、P、Co、Th、Ca/Cu比值的特征,数据点偏离全球埃达克岩范围越远,蚀变与矿化作用越强烈,与铜钼成矿关系越密切。本文地球化学数据挖掘结果可以作为找矿标志来使用,这为普朗铜矿床深部及外围的地质找矿提供了新的科学依据。  相似文献   

不同养生龄期下水泥土经冻融循环后力学性能试验探究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

崔宏环  裴国陆  姚世军  王高勇  张治国 《冰川冻土》2018,40(1):110-115

针对季节性冻土区域,对不同养护期龄的水泥改良土在不同冻融循环次数条件下进行单轴抗压强度试验。探究养护期龄、冻融循环次数对抗压强度、质量损失率以及变形模量E₅₀的影响。结果表明：受冻融循环与水泥水化反应的影响,龄期28 d时,二者共同作用,使其结构重塑,导致三种掺量下的抗压强度随冻融循环次数增加均先减小后增大;质量损失率均先下降后上升,且小于0;变形模量E₅₀数据随循环次数增加整体呈收敛趋势,即掺量10%时呈下降趋势,6%时呈上升趋势。而龄期90 d后,水化反应基本完全,结构近于稳定,经冻融循环造成不可修复的损伤,导致抗压强度均随循环次数增加呈下降趋势;掺量6%时的质量损失率也逐渐增长大于0;E₅₀数据整体呈发散状。  相似文献   

承德市矿泉水资源分布规律及其形成的地球化学条件     

苏宏建  杨瑞  多晓松  赵婧  孙志辉  赵红瑞 《化工矿产地质》2019,41(1):27-34

承德作为京津冀水源涵养地,其天然矿泉水和山泉水等水资源丰富,分布广、流量大、水质优,且多为弱碱性或中性淡水,富含钾、钙、镁、锶、锂、锌、偏硅酸等多种矿物质及微量元素。通过对承德地区矿泉水资源分布情况的研究,总结不同类型的矿泉水在承德地区的分布规律,并对不同类型矿泉水形成的地球化学条件做了阐述。  相似文献   

北祁连山东段西吉地区辉长岩的地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴文忠  马瑞赟  张晓东  马风华  潘进礼  王泽晶 《地质论评》2019,65(1):211-220

西吉地区辉长岩属于拉斑系列,具有高Al、低碱、低Ti、低P2O5的特征。辉长岩富集大离子亲石元素(LILE) Rb、Sr、K,高场强元素(HFSE) Nb、Ta、Ce、Nd、Sm、Tb、Y、Yb相对亏损,而且Nb、Ta为负异常,具有形成于消减带之上火山弧岩浆的特征。稀土配分曲线为向右缓倾斜的轻稀土富集型,其曲线型式与岛弧、弧后盆地相似,形成于陆缘弧环境。U-Pb测年结果显示,辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年为437. 0±2. 8 Ma,形成时代为早志留世。辉长岩与西吉地区花岗岩具有相同的形成环境和非常接近的锆石U-Pb年龄,二者为同期岩浆活动的产物。结合区域地质资料,认为西吉地区辉长岩体为板块俯冲的产物,晚奥陶世—早志留世时,北祁连山海盆趋于闭合时,洋壳板块俯冲脱水,提供给地幔楔,橄榄岩发生熔融,形成的基性(辉长岩)、酸性(花岗岩)岩体。通过区域对比,认为西吉地区辉长岩与甘肃东部葫芦河群、甘肃景泰老虎山地区的蛇绿岩带中的辉长岩很可能是相同构造环境下构造—岩浆作用的产物。西吉地区可能存在由于构造作用破坏的蛇绿岩套层序的部分组成或杂乱堆积的混杂岩块。  相似文献   

稀散金属超常富集的主要科学问题   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

温汉捷  周正兵  朱传威  罗重光  王大钊  杜胜江  李晓峰  陈懋弘  李红谊 《岩石学报》2019,35(11):3271-3291

稀散金属对国民经济、国家安全和科技革新具有重要的意义,特别是对高、精、尖科技和未来能源的发展具有举足轻重的地位。稀散金属的储量相对稀少且地域分布高度不均,供需矛盾日益突出,存在较高供应风险;另一方面,其"稀"、"伴"、"细"的特点决定了对其地球化学性质和行为认识的薄弱,元素超常富集机理的问题仍存在较大争议。近20年以来关于稀散金属的研究主要集中在矿床类型和成矿专属性、资源储量评估、超常富集机制等方面,突破了"稀散金属不能形成独立矿床"的认识,初步建立了稀散金属成矿理论体系。稀散元素的超常富集往往需要十分苛刻的条件和特殊的地球化学过程:铼的超常富集受制于地幔熔融过程和洋壳沉积物的再循环,以及岩浆氧逸度、去气过程;铟与锡的关系紧密,岩浆中镁铁质矿物结晶过程及挥发组分控制成矿热液中铟的金属量;碱性岩的幔源性、高氧逸度、高挥发性促进碲的迁移和富集,铁锰结壳中δ-Mn O2或Fe OOH可以吸附大量的碲;镉的超常富集行为主要与锌相关,不同类型铅锌矿床中镉的富集程度具有明显的差别;锗在铅锌矿床中主要以类质同象替代锌进入闪锌矿中,煤层中倾向于和有机质结合形成锗的络合物及有机化合物。基于已有认识,今后应当重点加强元素地球化学行为对稀散金属富集控制的研究,壳幔相互作用、热液过程、表生风化沉积以及多期多阶段地质事件耦合机制的研究,以及非常规类型稀散金属矿床的成矿潜力研究。本专辑报道了近年来这些方面的最新研究进展,包括13篇文章,主要涉及岩浆热液型矿床、低温热液型铅锌矿床、表生风化-沉积过程中稀散金属的富集成矿,以及稀散金属矿床的探测技术与预测方法研究等。  相似文献   

Subduction zone geochemistry   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yong-Fei Zheng 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(4):1223-1254

Crustal recycling at convergent plate boundaries is essential to mantle heterogeneity.However,crustal signatures in the mantle source of basaltic rocks above subduction zones were primarily incorporated in the form of liquid rather than solid phases.The physicochemical property of liquid phases is determined by the dehydration behavior of crustal rocks at the slab-mantle interface in subduction channels.Because of the significant fractionation in incompatible trace elements but the full inheritance in radiogenic isotopes relative to their crustal sources,the production of liquid phases is crucial to the geochemical transfer from the subducting crust into the mantle.In this process,the stability of specific minerals in subducting crustal rocks exerts a primary control on the enrichment of given trace elements in the liquid phases.For this reason,geochemically enriched oceanic basalts can be categorized into two types in terms of their trace element distribution patterns in the primitive mantle-normalized diagram.One is island arc basalts(IAB),showing enrichment in LILE,Pb and LREE but depletion in HFSE such as Nb and Ta relative to HREE,The other is ocean island basalts(OIB),exhibiting enrichment in LILE and LREE,enrichment or non-depletion in HFSE but depletion in Pb relative to HREE.In either types,these basalts show the enhanced enrichment of LILE and LREE with increasing their incompatibility relative to normal mid-ocean ridge basalts(MORB).The thermal regime of subduction zones can be categorized into two stages in both time and space,The first stage is characterized by compressional tectonism at low thermal gradients.As a consequence,metamorphic dehydration of the subducting crust prevails at forearc to subarc depths due to the breakdown of hydrous minerals such as mica and amphibole in the stability field of garnet and rutile,resulting in the liberation of aqueous solutions with the trace element composition that is considerably enriched in LILE,Pb and LREE but depleted in HFSE and HREE relative to normal MORB.This provides the crustal signature for the mantle sources of IAB.The second stage is indicated by extensional tectonism at high thermal gradients,leading to the partial melting of metamorphically dehydrated crustal rocks at subarc to postarc depths.This involves not only the breakdown of hydrous minerals such as amphibole,phengite and allanite in the stability field of garnet but also the dissolution of rutile into hydrous melts.As such,the hydrous melts can acquire the trace element composition that is significantly enriched in LILE,HFSE and LREE but depleted in Pb and HREE relative to normal MORB,providing the crustal signature for the mantle sources of OIB.In either case,these liquid phases would metasomatize the overlying mantle wedge peridotite at different depths,generating ultramafic metasomatites such as serpentinized and chloritized peridotites,and olivine-poor pyroxenites and hornblendites.As a consequence,the crustal signatures are transferred by the liquid phases from the subducting slab into the mantle.  相似文献   

Time series analysis of mantle cycles Part Ⅱ:The geologic record in zircons,large igneous provinces and mantle lithosphere     

Kent C.Condie  Stephen J.Puetz 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(4):1327-1336

Igneous and detrital zircons have six major U/Pb isotopic age peaks in common(2700 Ma,1875 Ma.1045 Ma,625 Ma,265 Ma and 90 Ma).For igneous rocks,each age peak is comprised of subpeaks with distinct geographic distributions and a subpeak age range per age peak ≤100 Myr.There are eight major LIP age peaks(found on≥10 crustal provinces)of which only four are in common to major detrital zircon age peaks(2715 Ma,1875 Ma,825 Ma,90 Ma).Of the whole-rock Re depletion ages,58% have correspo nding detrital zircon age peaks and 55% have corresponding LIP age peaks.Ten age pea ks are fou nd in common to igneous zircon,detrital zircon,LIP,and Re depletion age time series(3225 Ma,2875 Ma,2145 Ma,2085 Ma,1985 Ma,1785 Ma,1455 Ma,1175 Ma,825 Ma,and 90 Ma).and these are very robust peaks on a global scale as recorded in both crustal and mantle rocks.About 50% of the age peaks in each of these time series correspond to predicted peaks in a 94-Myr mantle cycle,including four of the ten peaks in common to all four time series(2875 Ma,1785 Ma,825 Ma and 90 Ma).Age peak widths and subpeak ranges per age peak suggest that mantle events responsible for age peaks are100 Myr and many50 Myr in duration.Age peak geographic distributions show three populations(≤1000 Ma,2500-1000 Ma,2500 Ma),with the number of new provinces in which age peaks are represented decreasing with time within each population.The breaks between the populations(at 2.5 Ga and 1 Ga)fall near the onsets of two transitions in Earth history.The First Transition may represent a change from stagnant-lid tectonics into plate tectonics and the Second Transition,the onset of subduction of continental crust.The major factor controlling geographic distribution of age peaks is the changing locations of orogeny.Before ～2 Ga,age subpeaks and peaks are housed in orogens within or around the edges of crustal provinces,mostly in accretionary orogens.but beginning at 1.9 Ga,collisional orogens become more important.The coincidence in duration between magmatic flare-ups in Phanerozoic arcs and duration of age subpeaks(10-30 Myr)is consiste nt with subpeaks representing periods of enhanced arcrelated magmatism.probably caused by increased subduction flux.The correlation of isotopic age peaks between time series supports a cause and effect relationship between mantle plume activity,continental magma production at convergent margins,and crustal deformation.Correlation of over half of the detrital zircon age peaks(and six of the nine major peaks)with Re depletion age peaks supports an interpretation of the zircon peaks as crustal growth rather than selective preservation peaks.  相似文献   

Arsenic variability and groundwater age in three water supply wells in southeast New Hampshire     

Joseph P.Levitt  James R.Degnan  Sarah M.Flanagan  Bryant C.Jurgens 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(5):1669-1683

Three wells in New Hampshire were sampled bimonthly over three years to evaluate the temporal variability of arsenic concentrations and groundwater age.All samples had measurable concentrations of arsenic throughout the entire sampling period and concentrations in individual wells had a mean variation of more than 7 μg/L.The time series data from this sampling effort showed that arsenic concentrations ranged from a median of 4 μg/L in a glacial aquifer well(SGW-65)to medians of 19μg/L and37 μg/L in wells(SGW-93 and KFW-87)screened in the bedrock aquifer,respectively.These high arsenic concentrations were associated with the consistently high pH(median≥8)and low dissolved oxygen(median0.1 mg/L)in the bedrock aquifer wells,which is typical of fractured crystalline bedrock aquifers in New Hampshire.Groundwater from the glacial aquifer often has high dissolved oxygen,but in this case was consistently low.The pH also is generally acidic in the glacial aquifer but in this case was slightly alkaline(median = 7.5).Also,sorption sites may be more abundant in glacial aquifer deposits than in fractured bedrock which may contribute to lower arsenic concentrations.Mean groundwater ages were less than 50 years old in all three wells and correlated with conservative tracer concentrations,such as chloride;however,mean age was not directly correlated with arsenic concentrations.Arsenic concentrations at KFW-87 did correlate with water levels,in addition,there was a seasonal pattern,which suggests that either the timing of or multiple sampling efforts may be important to define the full range of arsenic concentrations in domestic bedrock wells.Since geochemically reduced conditions and alkaline pHs are common to both bedrock and glacial aquifer wells in this study,groundwater age correlates less strongly with arsenic concentrations than geochemical conditions.There also is evidence of direct hydraulic connection between the glacial and bedrock aquifers,which can influence arsenic concentrations.Correlations between arsenic concentrations and the age of the old fraction of water in SGW-65 and the age of the young fraction of water in SGW-93 suggest that water in the two aquifers may be mixing or at least some of the deeper,older water captured by the glacial aquifer well may be from a similar source as the shallow young groundwater from the bedrock aquifer.The contrast in arsenic concentrations in the two aquifers may be because of increased adsorption capacity of glacio-fluvial sediments,which can limit contaminants more than fractured rock.In addition,this study illustrates that long residence times are not necessary to achieve more geochemically evolved conditions such as high pH and reduced conditions as is typically found with older water in other regions.  相似文献