Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Intraseasonal Oscillations in the Meridional Wind Field over the Subtropical Northern Pacific   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

HAN Rongqing  LI Weijing  DONG Min 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2010,24(3):276-286

Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis I daily data from 1958 to 2002, climatic characteristics of the 30-60-day intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) of the zonal wind (u), meridional wind (v), and geopotential height (h) over global areas and especially the ISO of v over the subtropical northern Pacific are analyzed using the space-time spectrum analysis and wavelet transform methods. The results show that the ISO of v is very different from those of u and h, with the former representing the meridional low-frequency disturbances, which are the most active in the subtropics and mid-high latitudes, but very weak in the tropics. In the subtropical Northern Hemisphere, the energies of the ISOs of u and h are both concentrated on the waves with wave number of 1 and periods of 30-60 days, while the main energy of the ISO of v is concentrated on the waves with wave numbers of 4-6 and periods of 30-60 and 70-90 days. The westward propagating energies for the 30-60-day oscillations of u, v, and h are all stronger than the eastward propagating energies in the subtropics. In addition, the ISO of v is the strongest (weakest) in summer (winter) over the subtropics of East Asia and northwestern Pacific, while the situation is reversed over the subtropical northeastern Pacific, revealing a "seesaw" of the ISO intensity with seasons over the subtropics from the northwestern to northeastern Pacific. In the subtropical northwestern Pacific, the interannual and interdecadal changes of the ISO for v at 850 hPa indicate that its activities are significantly strong during 1958 1975, while obviously weak during 1976-1990, and are the strongest during 1991-2000, and its spectral energy is obviously abnormal but ruleless during the ENSO periods. However, in the 2 7-yr bandpass filtering series, the interannual changes of the v ISO over the subtropical northwestern Pacific contain distinct ENSO signals. And in the 9-yr low-pass filtering series, the v ISO changes over the subtropical northwestern Pacific are significantly out of phase with the changes of the Ni(n)o -3.4 SST, whereas the v ISO changes in the subtropical northeastern Pacific are significantly in phase with the changes of the Ni(n)o-3.4 SST.  相似文献   

IMU/DGPS辅助航空摄影测量中检校场布设方案研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李学友  倪忠礼 《测绘工程》2005,14(4):14-18

在IMU/DGPS辅助航空摄影测量生产中,布设检校场的作用、检校场如何布设、飞行的频率以及飞行中的注意事项等一直是国内外众多学者专家积极讨论的内容.文中对检校场所起的作用进行了系统分析,提出了检校场的布设方案,并进行了大量的实测数据实验,探讨了上述问题.  相似文献   

The Infrared Spectrum of Comet Hele–Bopp as Seen by the Infrared Space Observatory     

Leech  K.  Crovisier  J.  Bockelée-Morvan  D.  Brooke  T. Y.  Hanner  M. S.  Altieri  B.  Keller  H. U.  Lellouch  E.  Lim  T. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1997,78(1-3):81-83

Spectra of comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) were obtained with the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) at medium resolution with the grating spectrometer in the photometer (PHT-S) and/or at high resolution with the short wavelength spectrometer (SWS) and long wavelength spectrometer (LWS) in April 1996 (Crovisier et al., 1996), September–October 1996 (Crovisier et al., 1997a, b) and December 1997, at distances from the Sun of 4.6, 2.9 and 3.9 AU, respectively. For the first time, high-resolution spectra of a comet covering the entire 2.4 to 200 μm spectral range were obtained. The vibrational bands of H₂O, CO₂ and CO are detected in emission with PHT-S. Relative production rates of 100:22:70 are derived for H₂O:CO₂:CO at 3 AU pre-perihelion. H₂O is observed at high spectral resolution in the ν₃ group of bands around 2.7 μm and the ν₂ group around 6 μm with SWS, and in several rotational lines in the 100–180 μm region with LWS. The high signal-to-noise ratio of the ν₃ band observed on September–October 1996 allows accurate determinations of the water rotational temperature (28 K) and of its ortho-to-para ratio(2.45 ± 0.10, which significantly differs from the high temperature limit and corresponds to a spin temperature of 25 K). Longward of 6 μm the spectrum is dominated by dust thermal continuum emission, upon which broad emission features are superimposed. The wavelengths of the emission peaks correspond to those of Mg-rich crystalline olivine (forsterite). In the September–October 1996 spectra, emission features at 45 and 65 μm and possible absorption at 2.9–3.2 μm suggest that grains of water ice were present at 3 AU from the Sun. The observations made post-perihelion in late December 1997 led to the detections of H₂O, CO₂ and CO at 3.9 AU from the Sun (Figures 1 and 2). The production rates were ≈3.0 × 10²⁸,3.5 × 10²⁸ and ≈1.5 × 10²⁹ s^-1, respectively. This corresponds to H₂O:CO₂:CO = 100:110:500 and confirms that at such distances from the Sun, cometary activity is dominated by sublimation of CO and CO₂ rather than by H₂O. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

The continuum and line spectra of SGR 1806-20 bursts     

Alaa I. Ibrahim  William C. Parke  Jean H. Swank  Hisham Anwer  Roberto Turolla  Silvia Zane  M. T. Hussein  T. El-Sherbini 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,308(1-4):43-50

The defining property of Soft Gamma Repeaters is the emission of short, bright bursts of X-rays and soft γ-rays. Here we present the continuum and line spectral properties of a large sample of bursts from SGR 1806-20, observed with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) onboard the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). Using 10 trail spectral models (5 single and 5 two component models), we find that the burst continua are best fitted by the single component models: cutoff power-law, optically thin bremsstrahlung, and simple power-law. Time resolved spectroscopy show that there are two absorption lines at ∼5 keV and 20 keV in some bursts. The lines are relatively narrow with 90% upper limit on the line widths of 0.5–1.5 keV for the 5 keV feature and 1–3 keV for the 20 keV feature. Both lines have considerable equivalent width of 330–850 eV for the 5 keV feature and 780–2590 eV for the 20 keV feature. We examined whether theses spectral lines are dependent upon the choice of a particular continuum model and find no such dependence. Besides, we find that the 5 keV feature is pronounced with high confidence in the cumulative joint spectrum of the entire burst sample, both in the individual detectors of the PCA and in the co-added detectors spectrum. We confront the features against possible instrumental effects and find that none can account for the observed line properties. The two features do not seem to be connected to the same physical mechanism because (1) they do not always occur simultaneously, (2) while the 5 keV feature occurs at about the same energy, the 20 keV line centroid varies significantly from burst to burst over the range 18–22 keV, and (3) the centroid of the lines shows anti-correlated red/blue shifts. The transient appearance of the features in the individual bursts and in portions of the same burst, together with the spectral evolution seen in some bursts point to a complex emission mechanism that requires further investigation.   相似文献   

The radio nebula produced by the 27 December 2004 giant flare from SGR 1806-20     

Joseph D. Gelfand 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,308(1-4):39-42

On 27 December 2004, just the third giant flare was observed from a magnetar, in this case SGR 1806-20. This giant flare was the most energetic of the three, and analysis of a Very Large Array observation of SGR 1806-20 after the giant flare revealed the existence of a new, bright, transient radio source at its position. Follow-up radio observations of this source determined that initially, this source underwent a mildly relativistic one-sided expansion which ceased at the same time as a temporary rebrightening of the radio source. These observational results imply that the radio emission is powered by ∼10²⁴ g of baryonic material which was ejected off the surface on the neutron star during the giant flare.   相似文献   

ISO19100地理信息系列标准特点及其本土化   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6  

蒋景瞳  刘若梅 《地理信息世界》2003,1(1):34-40

采用国际标准和国外先进标准是国民经济发展的重要技术基础工作。文章简略介绍国际标准化组织地理信息技术委员会(ISO/TC211)研制ISO19100地理信息系列标准的概况，着重分析其结构体系、研制特点，讨论将这些标准转化为国家标准，即本土化工作应当遵循的原则、方法、国家标准与国际标准一致性程度划分等问题，并提出ISO19100地理信息系列标准本土化工作的建议。  相似文献   

基于ISO元数据扩展模型的土地覆盖遥感分类体系框架研究     

王卷乐  贾文臣 《地球信息科学学报》2008,10(6):781-786

由于研究主题和应用目的的不同,国内外已经存在和正在产生着越来越多的遥感数据源的土地覆盖分类体系。这不仅使得分类体系缺乏可扩展性与互操作性,而且使得不同分类体系的土地覆盖数据难以对比、交换和集成。本文借鉴ISO 19115地理信息元数据的扩展经验,设计了基于ISO元数据扩展模型的土地覆盖分类体系框架,并研究其动态扩展方法。提出一种包括核心分类、全集分类和专题应用分类的三层土地覆盖可扩展分类体系框架。其中,核心分类是从国内外主要的土地利用/覆盖分类系统中抽取的共性分类元素;全集分类收集全部可能的土地覆盖分类元素;专题应用分类通过对核心分类的继承,和对全集分类的裁剪和扩展生成。该分类框架将为土地利用/覆盖的研究和应用提供一种科学的、可比的动态分类扩展模型和方法。  相似文献   

谈测绘单位的贯标认证     

朱妙珍  傅晓明 《地理信息世界》2000,(1)

ＩＳＯ９０００系列标准是国际公认的质量管理和质量保证统一标准，具有科学性、有效性、通用性的特点。贯彻ＩＳＯ９０００系列标准，是深化和发展单位管理规范、建立和完善质量体系的需要。通过贯标取得认证，可以提高测绘单位的知名度，取得用户的信任，在市场竞争中立于不败之地。  相似文献   

REST-based semantic feature catalogue services     

Kim Tracy Finney  David Watts 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(9):1507-1524

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地质图件数据库建库的新概念和新思维——浅谈贯彻ISO/DIS 19117地理信息图示表达国际标准的体会   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

邬宽廉  邬可筠 《地质通报》2007,26(5):620-624

在建立全国1∶250万地质图数据库工作中贯彻执行了ISO/DIS19117地理信息图示表达(Geographic information-Portray-al)国际标准,实现了图示属性与数据库和软件的完全脱离,从而达到了彻底甩掉系统库(子图库、符号库、线型库、色标库、花纹库、网纹库)的目标,大大简化了建库工作,并从根本上解决了图元属性与图示属性不一致的矛盾。  相似文献