热带扰动在大尺度经圈中的行为   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

巢纪平  徐昭 《地球物理学报》2008,51(6):1657-1662

在赤道β平面上经圈流的背景流场内,利用等值浅水模式来分析波动的不稳定性.结果显示,在经圈半地转假设下,扰动信号通过变性的Rossby波来传递.对于大洋西部,由于向极地方向经圈流的引入,赤道对称的扰动模态对所有的波数k都是不稳定的.对于大洋东部的向赤道流,对赤道对称的扰动却是稳定的.由于一般来讲,扰动倾向于对赤道对称,因此西边界的向极流,如黑潮,比东边界的向赤道流,如加尼福尼亚洋流,更易因扰动的不稳定而产生涡旋.  相似文献   

The instability of the vortex sheet along the shear line   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

Gao Shouting 《大气科学进展》2000,17(4):525-537

The traditional Kelvin-Helmholtz notion of studying the shear instability is not suitable for the case associated with shear line with the strong wind shear in the vortex sheet. Since then, the shear instability be-comes the instability of the vortex sheet. If the velocity is induced by the vortex sheet, the inequalities (1 – Rv + Rid)> 0 and U (y,t)> U{A(t)} become the criterion of the vortex sheet instability. This criterion indicates that 1) the disposition of environment field restrains the disturbance developing along the shear line. 2) There exist multi-scale interactions in the unstable process of the shear line. The calculation of the necessary condition for the instability is also presented in this paper.  相似文献   

南京地区7—8午后雷阵雨天气   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

陶玫  夏文梅 《气象科学》2000,20(2):216-223

本文主要分析南京地区７－８月发生午后雷阵雨天气,气候与其相关的革些参数的特征,以及大尺度的天气形势条件,用南京单站资料分析位热不稳定度和不稳定能量,从物理场判定南京是否处于产生雷阵雨的潜在不稳定区内,从相关资料中建立南京地区７￣８月午后雷阵雨天气的概率预报方程。e  相似文献   

Rossby波的发展与结构变化     

侯志明  李昕东 《气象科学》2000,20(1):65-69

本文采用ＷＫＢ方法,讨论了地形正压Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波的发展与结构变化问题。指出波动的发展和衰减不仅与波幅和波长的增减有关,还与波的结构状态有关。  相似文献   

Designing against parametric instability in following seas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. J. Spyrou 《Ocean Engineering》2000,27(6):1001

We investigate the characteristics of parametric instability when very large variations of restoring between the wave trough and the wave crest are taking place, creating a restoring that is alternating between negative (or nearly negative) and strongly positive values. The possible ways to consider the nonlinearities in damping and in restoring are discussed in detail. The boundary separating parametric instability from pure-loss is identified. In depth studies are carried out to ascertain the practical relevance of the parametric mechanism. Instability regions are identified in terms of transient motions, rather than in terms of the customary asymptotic stability chart associated with Mathieu's equation. A basis for comparing parametric roll behavior for different representations of restoring is established. Asymmetric variation laws and bi-chromatic waves are considered.  相似文献   

基于突变理论深埋硬岩隧道的失稳分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

闫长斌  徐国元 《工程地质学报》2006,14(4):508-512

在分析隧道开挖引起围岩扰动和损伤的基础上,运用突变理论探讨了深埋硬岩隧道失稳的机理;基于势能原理,建立了深埋硬岩隧道失稳的尖点突变模型,导出了失稳的力学判据条件。结果表明:深埋硬岩隧道的失稳不仅受岩体特性及所受载荷的影响,而且与围岩中弹性区刚度和塑性区刚度的比值有关;开挖过程中,围岩受扰动和损伤程度越大,岩体完整性系数越小,力学参数指标弱化程度越高,塑性区范围越大,刚度比越小,围岩系统发生失稳的可能性就越大。工程实例分析表明,分析结果与实际经验基本一致;研究成果可为预防隧道失稳、采取合理的施工工艺和支护措施提供参考依据。  相似文献   

The mesoscale variability in the Caribbean Sea. Part I: Simulations and characteristics with an embedded model     

Julien Jouanno  Julio Sheinbaum  Bernard Barnier  Jean-Marc Molines  Laurent Debreu  Florian Lemari 《Ocean Modelling》2008,23(3-4):82-101

The variability in the Caribbean Sea is investigated using high resolution (1/15°) general circulation model experiments. For the first time in this region, simulations were carried out with a 2-way nested configuration of the NEMO primitive equation model. A coarse North Atlantic grid (1/3°) reproduces the main features of the North Atlantic and Equatorial circulation capable of influencing ocean dynamics in the Caribbean Sea. This numerical study highlights strong dynamical differences among basins and modifies the view that dynamics are homogeneous over the whole Caribbean Basin. The Caribbean mean flow is shown to organize in two intense jets flowing westward along the northern and southern boundaries of the Venezuela Basin, which merge in the center of the Colombia Basin. Diagnostics of model outputs show that width, depth and strength of baroclinic eddies increase westward from the Lesser Antilles to the Colombia Basin. The widening and strengthening to the west is consistent with altimetry data and drifter observations. Although influenced by the circulation in the Colombia Basin, the variability in the Cayman Basin (which also presents a westward growth from the Chibcha Channel) is deeper and less energetic than the variability in the Colombia/Venezuela Basins. Main frequency peaks for the mesoscale variability present a westward shift, from roughly 50 days near the Lesser Antilles to 100 days in the Cayman Basin, which is associated with growth and merging of eddies.  相似文献   

修正的粘滞律及有磁吸积盘的稳定性研究     

吴少平  吴学兵 《天文学报》1995,36(3):252-260

本文采用修正的粘滞定律及磁流体力学研究了薄吸积盘内区及外区的稳定性问题。运用微扰方法导出了色散方程，分析了四种情况下吸积盘的不稳定性，结果表明：在同时考虑磁场和修正的粘滞律时，吸积盘中存在着三种振荡模式，其中粘滞模式总是稳定的，磁声速模式（包括向里、向外传播两种模式）通常是不稳定的。这些结果为解释ＢＬ Ｌａｃ天体、Ｓｅｙｆｅｒｔ星系、类星体等活动星系核的光变现象提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

不同结构岩石标本声发射b值和频谱的时间扫描及其物理意义   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

刘力强  马胜利  马瑾  扈小燕  刘天昌  吴秀泉 《地震地质》2001,23(4):481-492

对几种不同结构的岩石标本在变形过程中声发射b值和频谱随时间的变化特征进行了对比研究 ,其中包括完整花岗岩标本、含有天然愈合节理的花岗岩标本、含有拉张型和挤压型雁列式断层以及平直断层的标本等。研究表明 ,声发射b值和频谱的特征不仅会受标本结构的影响 ,而且在同一标本的不同变形阶段也可能表现出不同的特征 ,其机制与变形方式以破裂为主或以摩擦为主有关。当变形以破裂为主时 ,声发射b值和频谱在失稳前会出现明显的下降 ;当变形以摩擦为主时 ,声发射b值和频谱在失稳前变化相对较小 ,且上升或下降均可能出现。实验结果意味着b值和频谱特征作为失稳前兆 ,在不同的构造环境下可能会有不同的特征 ,而强震孕震区内不同断裂构造的存在会造成前兆时空分布的非均匀性  相似文献   

地球远磁尾中的磁场重联（Ⅰ）流动撕裂模不稳定性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

王水  郑惠南 《地球物理学报》1991,34(6):663-671

本文数值研究了地球远磁尾中流动撕裂模不稳定性所引起的磁场重联过程.结果表明,在短暂的指数增长之后,当磁岛宽度接近等离子体片厚度时,流动撕裂模不稳定性的增长率大大降低,最终磁岛宽度趋于饱和.磁岛的饱和宽度随着磁Reynolds数S的增大而减小,随着剪切流动层宽度δV的增大而增加.在S→∞的情况下,流动撕裂模将退化为流动颈缩模,磁场重联不再发生.当飞船通过由流动撕裂模不稳定性所形成的磁岛时,即可观测到磁场B_z分量由北转南或由南转北的现象.  相似文献