卵胎生硬骨鱼褐菖精子发生的超微结构研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

尤永隆  林丹军  钟秀容 《热带海洋学报》2002,21(1):70-75

研究了卵胎生硬骨鱼褐菖 Sebastiscus marmoratus精子发生的过程.褐菖的精子发生经历了初级精原细胞、次级精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞等阶段,最终形成精子.在初级精原细胞和次级精原细胞阶段,细胞核中释放出拟染色体.拟染色体分布于精原细胞和前期Ⅰ的初级精母细胞的细胞质中.在前期Ⅰ以后的初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞和精子细胞中,拟染色体已消失.在初级精母细胞阶段,前期Ⅰ至末期Ⅰ的细胞形态变化明显.在前期Ⅰ的偶线期,同源染色体开始配对并形成联会复合体;在粗线期,联会复合体完全形成;在双线期,联会复合体开始解体.  相似文献   

日本在中国、印度投资的比较   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王承云 《世界地理研究》2008,17(2):22-29

近年来,中国和印度的崛起成为全球热点。根据2007年世界银行计算,中、印已分别成为世界第四大和第九大经济体。“关注中国和印度”已成为世界性的课题,欧美发达国家跨国公司纷纷在加快进入中国、印度市场的投资步伐。作为同是亚洲近邻的日本跨国公司更是不甘落后,在对华、对印投资的时机、方式和区位选择上既存在许多共性,更多的是寻求不同点和差异性,以期达到规避投资风险,实现投资效益最大化的目的。  相似文献   

Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry in Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) from the Huanghai Sea, China     

HUANG Liang  WU Ying  WAN Ruijing  ZHANG Jing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(4):154-160

Generally, nutrient cycle is closely related to the element distribution in biomass and the population dynamics in ecosystems. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) of different body lengths from the Huanghai Sea (Yellow Sea) were determined to better understand their variability and reasons during its life history. The mean content was 45.12%, 10.12% and 2.02% for C, N and P, respectively. Significant differences in C, N and P elemental composition were found among different sizes, which could be explained by varying proportions of storage compounds in whole body fish, and varying degrees of ossification. Considering abundant resources in Japanese anchovy, it was an important P-pool in the cycle of P. Moreover, the excreted N/P ratio was significantly different in fishes of different sizes, especially at high gross growth efficiency. In the past two decades, overexploitation tended to cause smaller body length in the community structure of anchovy, which presumably changed the nutrient cycle in food webs of the Huanghai Sea. Exptrapolation of the results indicates that Japanese anchovy may be important for conveying nutrient in the Huanghai Sea.  相似文献   

日本专业主妇视角下的广州城市宜居性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘云刚  周雯婷  谭宇文 《地理科学》2010,30(1):39-44

宜居城市理念近年来日益受到关注,但相关的标准仍是模糊不定。在回顾和检讨宜居城市相关界定方法的基础上,从特定生活者的视角出发,以在广州居住的日本专业主妇为评价主体,采用问卷调查和半结构化访谈相结合的方法,探讨了广州城市的宜居性。通过日本专业主妇对广州和日本城市的对比评价,探讨了广州的宜居程度和改进重点。研究表明,广州在日本专业主妇眼中距宜居城市尚有较大的距离。其原因一方面是现实中的广州城市宜居水平不高,另一方面也与日本专业主妇的角色、文化理念及她们在广州居留时间的长短相关。  相似文献   

日本国民海外旅行信息来源及旅行动机影响因素研究——与国内旅行对比分析     

张立生 《世界地理研究》2010,19(4):163-168

日本一直是我国最重要的客源国之一,日本访华客源市场却处于缓慢的发展态势,在金融危机的影响下更是出现了负增长,因此,系统研究并开发日本客源市场不仅具经济意义,而且会对增进两国人民之间的了解,产生积极而深远的影响。文章以日本国内调查资料为基础,对日本海外旅行的信息来源、直接和间接影响的影响因素做了比较系统的研究,希望能增加对日本客源市场的了解。  相似文献   

Analysis of new microsatellite markers developed from reported sequences of Japanese flounder <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paralichthys olivaceus</Emphasis>     

Haiyang Yu  Liming Jiang  Wei Chen  Xubo Wang  Zhigang Wang  Quanqi Zhang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,9(4):365-370

The expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, were selected from GenBank to identify simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or microsatellites. A bioinformatic analysis of 11111 ESTs identified 751 SSR-containing ESTs, including 440 dinucleotide, 254 trinucleotide, 53 tetranucleotide, 95 pentanucleotide and 40 hexanucleotide microsatellites respectively. The CA/TG and GA/TC repeats were the most abundant microsatellites. AT-rich types were predominant among trinucleotide and tetranucleotide microsatellites. PCR primers were designed to amplify 10 identified microsatellites loci. The PCR results from eight pairs of primers showed polymorphisms in wild populations. In 30 wild individuals, the mean observed and expected heterozygosities of these 8 polymorphic SSRs were 0.71 and 0.83 respectively and the average PIC value was 0.8. These microsatellite markers should prove to be a useful addition to the microsatellite markers that are now available for this species.  相似文献   

Does heavy oil pollution induce bacterial diseases in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus?   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Jun-Young Song  Kei Nakayama  Yasunori Murakami  Sung-Ju Jung  Myung-Joo Oh  Satoru Matsuoka  Hidemasa Kawakami  Shin-Ichi Kitamura   《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):889

As basic research for the effect of heavy oil on the fish immune system, in this study, the number of leukocyte was counted in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, after exposure to heavy oil at a concentration of 30 g/8 L for 3 days. To compare the numbers of bacteria in the skin mucus between oil-exposed and control fish, viable bacteria were enumerated by counting colony forming unit (CFU). Compared with 5.79 ± 1.88 × 10⁷ leukocytes/mL in the controls, the exposed fish demonstrated higher counts, averaging 1.45 ± 0.45 × 10⁸ cells/mL. The bacterial numbers of control fish were 4.27 ± 3.68 × 10⁴ CFU/g, whereas they were 4.58 ± 1.63 × 10⁵ CFU/g in the exposed fish. The results suggest that immune suppression of the fish occurred due to heavy oil stressor, and bacteria could invade in the mucus, resulting in the increasing leukocyte number to prevent infectious disease.  相似文献   

Toxicogenomic analysis of immune system-related genes in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed to heavy oil   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Kei Nakayama  Shin-Ichi Kitamura  Yasunori Murakami  Jun-Young Song  Sung-Ju Jung  Myung-Joo Oh  Hisato Iwata  Shinsuke Tanabe 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):445

Heavy oil contamination is one of the most important environmental issues. Toxicities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including immune toxicities, are well characterized, however, the immune toxic effects of heavy oil, as a complex mixture of PAHs, have not been investigated. In the present study, we selected Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) as a model organism, and observed alteration of immune function by the exposure to heavy oil. To analyze the expression profiles of immune system-related genes, we selected 309 cDNAs from our flounder EST library, and spotted them on a glass slide. Using this cDNA array, alteration of gene expression profiles was analyzed in the kidneys of flounders exposed to heavy oil. Six Japanese flounders (mean body weight: 197 g) were acclimated to laboratory conditions at 19–20 °C. Three fish were exposed to heavy oil C (bunker C) at a concentration of 3.8 g/L for 3 days, and the others were kept in seawater without heavy oil and used as the control. After the exposure period, the fish were transferred into control seawater and maintained for 4 days, and then they were dissected and their kidneys were removed. Total RNA was extracted from the kidney samples to use in gene expression analyses. The microarray detected alteration of immune system-related genes in the kidneys of heavy oil-exposed flounders, including down-regulation of immunoglobulin light chain, CD45, major histocompatibility complex class II antigens and macrophage colony-stimulating factor precursor, and up-regulation of interleukin-8 and lysozyme. These results suggest that pathogen resistance may be weakened in heavy oil-exposed fish, causing a subsequent bacterial infection, and then proinflammatory genes may be induced as a defensive response against the infection. Additionally, we found candidate genes for use as biomarkers of heavy oil exposure, such as N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 and heat shock cognate 71 kDa proteins.  相似文献   

Cloning of the cDNA encoding adenosine 5′-monophosphate deaminase 1 and its mRNA expression in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus     

蒋克勇  孙姝娟  刘梅  王宝杰  孟晓林  王雷 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(1):118-127

AMP deaminase catalyzes the conversion of AMP into IMP and ammonia. In the present study, a full-length cDNA of AMPD1 from skeletal muscle of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus was cloned and characterized. The 2 526 bp cDNA contains a 5’-UTR of 78 bp, a 3’-UTR of 237 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 2 211 bp, which encodes a protein of 736 amino acids. The predicted protein contains a highly conserved AMP deaminase motif (SLSTDDP) and an ATP-binding site sequence (EPLMEEYAIAAQVFK). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the AMPD1 and AMPD3 genes originate from the same branch, but are evolutionarily distant from the AMPD2 gene. RT-PCR showed that the flounder AMPD1 gene was expressed only in skeletal muscle. QRT-PCR analysis revealed a statistically significant 2.54 fold higher level of AMPD1 mRNA in adult muscle (750±40 g) compared with juvenile muscle (7.5±2 g) (P<0.05). HPLC analysis showed that the IMP content in adult muscle (3.35±0.21 mg/g) was also statistically significantly higher than in juvenile muscle (1.08±0.04 mg/g) (P<0.05). There is a direct relationship between the AMPD1 gene expression level and IMP content in the skeletal muscle of juvenile and adult flounders. These results may provide useful information for quality improvement and molecular breeding of aquatic animals.  相似文献   

广州日本移民族裔经济的形成及其社会空间特征   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

刘云刚  陈跃 《地理学报》2014,69(10):1533-1546

伴随着改革开放的深入,在华外国人也日益增多。其中部分开始由短期滞在转向长期居留,日本人为典型之一。外国人居留模式的变化,对中国城市经济社会及空间景观带来前所未有的诸多影响,族裔经济的出现即是其中一个主要特征。本文在此背景下,运用实地调查、问卷与半结构化访谈等方法,实证了在广州日本移民族裔经济的形成,探讨了其规模、行业分布、形成过程及运作模式,通过案例剖析揭示了新时期在华日本移民族裔经济的基本特征及其社会经济影响。研究发现,在广州日本族裔经济体系业已形成,并且其仍在发展壮大之中。广州的日本移民对族裔经济依赖度高,族裔经济不仅是其生活的支撑,同时也是保持族裔身份认同的工具。广州日本族裔经济具有自我服务、本地植根的特征,同时族裔经济的发展在空间上也带来族裔景观,如广州的天河北地区即是一例。这些变化给中国的国际化城市建设和移民管理带来了新的课题。  相似文献