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51.
B. Straughan 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2002,26(1):75-97
An accurate computational analysis is presented for the onset of thermal convection in a two‐layer system which is comprised of a saturated layer of porous material described by Darcy's law, over which lies a layer of the same saturating fluid. The two‐layer system is heated from below and the upper (fluid) surface is allowed to be fixed or stress free. The onset of convection may have a bi‐modal nature in which convection may be dominated by the porous medium or by the fluid depending on the depths of the relative layers, but this is strongly controlled by material parameters. The effect of variation of relevant fluid and porous material properties is investigated in detail, as is the effect of the interface boundary condition between the fluid and the porous medium. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
52.
朱月明 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(5):112-115
雷州话声母系统与普通话声母系统相比较,双唇音、舌尖中音、舌根音基本相同;雷州话多了一个双唇音,一个喉头音;普通话多了一个唇齿音;普通话有舌尖前音、舌尖后音、舌面音三组声母,而雷州话只有一组类似普通话舌尖前音的声母(有专家认为是舌叶音),这是雷州话声母系统和普通话声母系统的差异,也是雷州人学习普通话的障碍。雷州话声调系统与普通话声调系统相比较,在调类及调值上相差极大。但重要的还是雷州话有入声,普通话则没有。通过比较研究雷州话与普通话声母声调方面的异同,发现雷州人学习普通话的难点,从而对症下药,发挥正迁移、克服负迁移,纠正“雷式普通话”这样的语音异化现象。 相似文献
53.
54.
Corrado Massa 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,306(3):175-176
A lower bound for the mass of a rotating body is derived in the general relativity theory with positive cosmological term
Λ. The bound suggests a neutrino rest mass ∼1 meV and a neutrino magnetic moment of 10−41 erg/gauss ∼ Planck's magnetic moment. A connection between gravity and electroweak interaction is suggested. 相似文献
55.
Abstract The orthopyroxene-clinopyroxene, garnet-orthopyroxene and garnet-clinopyroxene geothermometers, and the garnet-orthopyroxene-plagioclase, garnet-clinopyroxene-plagioclase and anorthite-ferrosilite-grossular-almandine-quartz geobarometers are applied to metabasites and the garnetplagioclase-sillimanite-quartz geobarometer is applied to a metapelite from the Proterozoic Arendal granulite terrain, Bamble sector, Norway. P–T conditions of metamorphism were 7.3 ± 0.5 kbar and 800 ± 60°C.
This terrain shows a regional gradation from the amphibolite facies, into normal LILE content granulite facies rocks and finally strongly LILE deficient granulite facies gneisses. Neither P nor T vary significantly across the entire transition zone. The change in 'grade'parallels the increasing dominance of CO2 over H2 O in the fluid phase.
LILE-depletion is not a pre-condition of granulite facies metamorphism: granulites may have either 'depleted'or 'normal'chemistries. The results presented herein show that LILE-deficiency in granulite facies orthogneisses is not necessarily related to variations in either P or T . The important mechanisms in the Arendal terrain were (a) direct synmetamorphic crystallization from magma, with primary LILE-poor mineralogies imposed by the prevailing fluid regime, and (b) metamorphic depletion, involving scavenging of LILEs during flushing by mantle-derived CO2 -rich fluids. The latter process is constrained by U–Pb and Rb–Sr isotopic work to have occurred no later than 50 Ma after intrusion of the acid-intermediate gneisses, and was probably associated with contemporary basic magmatism in a tectonic environment similar to a present day cordilleran continental margin. 相似文献
This terrain shows a regional gradation from the amphibolite facies, into normal LILE content granulite facies rocks and finally strongly LILE deficient granulite facies gneisses. Neither P nor T vary significantly across the entire transition zone. The change in 'grade'parallels the increasing dominance of CO
LILE-depletion is not a pre-condition of granulite facies metamorphism: granulites may have either 'depleted'or 'normal'chemistries. The results presented herein show that LILE-deficiency in granulite facies orthogneisses is not necessarily related to variations in either P or T . The important mechanisms in the Arendal terrain were (a) direct synmetamorphic crystallization from magma, with primary LILE-poor mineralogies imposed by the prevailing fluid regime, and (b) metamorphic depletion, involving scavenging of LILEs during flushing by mantle-derived CO
56.
Anirudh?PradhanEmail author Sudhir?Kumar?Srivastav Mahesh?Kumar?Yadav 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,298(3):419-432
Some Bianchi type IX viscous fluid cosmological models are investigated. To get a solution, a supplementary condition between
metric potentials is used. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density,
whereas the coefficient of shear viscosity is considered as proportional to scale of expansion in the model. The cosmological
constant Λ is found to be positive and is a decreasing function of time, which is supported by results from recent supernovae
observations. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed. 相似文献
57.
J. V. WALTHER 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1992,10(6):789-797
The equilibrium constant, K a , of the association reaction to form ion pairs from charged solute species in supercritical solutions can be calculated from a model based on published equations. Log K a at constant pressure is a linear function of the inverse in the dielectric constant of the fluid times temperature. The dielectric properties of H2 O and CO2 at supercritical pressures and temperatures can also be evaluated using the Kirkwood equation. Using Looyenga mixing rules, the dielectric constant of H2 O–CO2 mixtures can be obtained and the change in log K a with addition of CO2 in aqueous solutions evaluated. These changes in log K a with addition of CO2 are consistent with measured changes of log K a with addition of Ar in supercritical H2 O–Ar solutions.
Log Ka of KCl and NaCl increase to an increasing extent as the mole fraction of CO2 increases in H2 O–CO2 solutions. For instance, at 2 kbar and constant temperature between 400 and 600° C, log K a of KCl increases by about two orders of magnitude whilst that of NaCl increases by over four orders of magnitude as the CO2 mole fraction increases from 0.0 to 0.35. Such changes in log K a will have dramatic effects on the solubility of minerals in CO2 -rich environments. 相似文献
Log K
58.
Arbab I. Arbab 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2004,291(2):143-149
We have shown that the phenomenological models with a cosmological constant of the type Λ=β(
) and Λ=3αH
2, where R is the scale factor of the universe and H is the Hubble constant, are equivalent to a quintessence model with a scalar (φ) potential of the formV∝φ-n, n= constant. The equation of state of the cosmic fluid is described by these parameters (α, β, n) only. The equation of state of the cosmic fluid (dark energy) can be determined by any of these parameters. The actual amount of dark energy will define the equation of state of the cosmic fluid.All of the three forms can give rise to cosmic acceleration depending the amount of dark energy in the universe. 相似文献
59.
Anirudh Pradhan G. S. Khadekar Deepak Srivastava 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,305(4):415-421
Implications of cosmological model with a cosmological term of the form , where β is a constant, are analyzed in multidimensional space time. The proper distance, the luminosity distance-redshift, the angular diameter distance-redshift, and look back time-redshift for the model are presented. It has been shown that models are found to be compatible with the present observations. This work, has thus generalized to higher dimensions the well-known result in four dimensional space time. It is found that the difference is significant at least in the principal to the anologous situation in four dimensional space time. 相似文献
60.
Some Bianchi type I viscous fluid cosmological models with a variable cosmological constant are investigated in which the
expansion is considered only in two direction i.e. one of the Hubble parameter
is zero. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density whereas the coefficient
of shear viscosity is considered as constant in first case whereas in other case it is taken as proportional to scale of expansion
in the model. The cosmological constant Λ is found to be positive and is a decreasing function of time which is supported
by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed. 相似文献