豫西中元古代汝阳群微生物形成的沉积构造简介   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

黄秀 张钊  周洪瑞刘清俊 《中国地质》2010,37(5):1399-1404

豫西地区中元古代汝阳群砂岩中普遍发育微生物形成的沉积构造(Microbial Induced Sedimentary Strutures),简称MISS构造,这些MISS构造在过去通常被误认为前寒武纪后生动物遗迹化石。本文对豫西地区中元古代汝阳群MISS构造的形态、结构及显微构造特征进行了详细地分析研究,结果表明该区发育的MISS构造有4种类型:多边形网状裂隙构造、纺锤形裂隙、鸟足形裂隙和典型的正弦曲线型Manchuriophycus构造。豫西地区中元古代汝阳群微生物形成的沉积构造的发现,不仅表明这些砂岩层面上曾经存在微生物席活动,对今后与一些微生物席活动有关的沉积构造的研究有着重要的借鉴意义,为过去被误认为各种遗迹化石的修定提供了证据,而且对恢复前寒武纪沉积古地理具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

海洋浮游微食物网生物在海洋颗粒形成和沉降中的作用     

赵苑  赵丽  董逸  李海波  张武昌  肖天 《海洋科学集刊》2017,(52):22-34

海洋中存在着大量的颗粒,包括大型聚合颗粒（即海雪,粒径>500μm）、小型聚合颗粒（1~500μm）和亚微米颗粒粒径（<1μm）等。颗粒在海水中营造了不同于纯海水的小生境,其中生活着与自然海水中不同的生物。异养细菌、蓝细菌、真核藻类、鞭毛虫、纤毛虫等微食物网生物可以黏附在海洋颗粒上,或生活在颗粒内部,其丰度高于周围水体中的自由生活生物,这可能是由于颗粒提供了更适宜生长的营养环境。本文综述了海洋浮游微食物网生物在海洋颗粒形成和沉降中的作用。微食物网生物在颗粒物的形成过程中起到很重要的作用,它们可以直接促进颗粒形成,也可以彼此结合成颗粒,或微型浮游动物排粪形成颗粒。微食物网生物还可以对颗粒进行转化,影响颗粒的大小、沉降速度、或对颗粒及其黏附生物进行摄食。微食物网生物由于本身较小,沉降较慢,但这些生物和颗粒的结合使得微食物网生物在碳通量中发挥重要的作用。  相似文献   

The replacement of native plants by exotic species may affect the colonization and reproduction of aquatic hyphomycetes     

《Limnologica》2016

The tropical riparian zone has a high diversity of plant species that produce a wide variety of chemical compounds, which may be released into streams. However, in recent decades there has been an extensive replacement of tropical native vegetation by Eucalyptus monocultures. Our objective was to compare fungal colonization of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves with fungal colonization of native plant species from riparian zones in Brazilian Cerrado (savannah) streams. The fungal colonization and enzymatic activity significantly influenced leaf litter decomposition. Fungal sporulation rates from leaf litter varied significantly with leaf species, with E. camaldulensis showing the highest sporulation rate (1226 conidia mg⁻¹AFDM day⁻¹) and leaf mass loss (23.2 ± 0.9%). This species has the lowest lignin content and highest N concentration among the studied species. Among the studied native species, we observed the highest sporulation rate for Protium spruceanum (271 conidia mg⁻¹AFDM day⁻¹), Maprounea guianensis (268 conidia mg⁻¹AFDM day⁻¹) and Copaifera langsdorffii (196 conidia mg⁻¹AFDM day⁻¹). Overall, native plant species of the Brazilian Cerrado exhibited recalcitrant characteristics and a higher lignin:N ratio. Therefore, variations in the physical and chemical characteristics of the leaf litter could explain the higher decay rate and reproductive activity observed for E. camaldulensis. However, the detritus of this species were colonized almost exclusively by Anguillospora filiformis (99.6 ± 0.4%) and exhibited a reduction in aquatic hyphomycetes species diversity. Our results suggest that the disturbance in the composition of riparian vegetation and consequently, in the diversity of leaf litter input into streams, could change the patterns and rates of leaf litter utilization by microbial decomposers. These changes may have important consequences in the processing of organic matter and, consequently, in the functioning of freshwater ecosystems.  相似文献   

Seasonal Dynamics of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Abundances and Enzyme Activities under Different Vegetation Types in the Coastal Zone,Shandong, China          下载免费PDF全文

Gang Xu  Peng Chen  Jun‐Na Sun  Hong‐Bo Shao 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(8):1115-1120

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Gas/Substrate Fluxes and Microbial Community in Phenol Biodegradation Using an O2‐Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor          下载免费PDF全文

Özge Hanay  Ergin Taşkan  Burçin Yıldız  Halil Hasar  Eoin Casey 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(1):36-42

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地质样品中金的测定方法研究     

宋丽华  郝原芳  高慧莉 《地质与资源》2014,23(6):577-579

简介了近年来地质样品中金的分析测试方法,重点对地质样品金分析中的样品加工及分解、分离富集、测定方法等方面进行概述,并对我实验测试中心在相关方面工作进行了简单介绍.  相似文献   

合成翡翠的实验探索     

李慧  陈美华 《地质科学译丛》2009,(2):34-36

模拟天然翡翠成矿的物理、化学条件,参照硬玉各元素的理论质量分数,选用合适的化学试剂配制合成翡翠原料,采用高温固相法制备非晶质的、具有翡翠成分的玻璃料,再利用高压固相转变的原理,在高温高压设备上对其进行结构转化处理,使其在翡翠稳定区内结晶。X射线粉末衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、偏光显微镜矿物结构的分析结果表明：合成样品中的主要结晶矿物为硬玉,其红外吸收光谱与天然翡翠的基本一致,部分样品的结构转化较完全,结晶程度较好,且其硬度、密度及折射率等常规宝石学参数也与天然翡翠的十分相近。  相似文献   

Evaluation ofAntitumor, Immunomodulatory and Free Radical Scavenging Effects of A New Herbal Prescription Seaweed Complex Preparation     

LIU Xin  SHAO Changlun  KONG Wenwen  FANG Yuchun  WANG Changyun 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,(3):515-520

Seaweed Complex Preparation （SCP） is a clinical traditional Chinese medicine preparation which is composed of seven traditional Chinese herbs, and it has been used for treatment of lung cancer, liver cancer and digestive cancer. However, little infor- mation is available about the pharmacodynamic basis. The antitumor, immunomodulatory and free radical scavenging effects of SCP were evaluated in this study. Transplanted tumor in vivo method was used to determine the antitumor effect. The effects on spleno- cyte proliferation and phagocytosis of macrophages in tumor-bearing mice were measured by the MTT method and the phagocytizing cock red blood cell （CRBC） method respectively. The scavenging activities of SCP on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals in vitro were investigated. It was found that the medium-dose and high-dose of SCP could significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted hepatic tumor of murine hepatocarcinoma cell line H22, and promote proliferation of splenocytes and phagocytosis of macrophages. SCP possessed noticeable scavenging activities on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. The antiturnor effects of SCP might be achieved by im- proving immune system and scavenging free radicals, which is in accordance with the viewpoint of traditional Chinese medicine in promoting the body resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors for cancer treatment.  相似文献   

安徽省沙坪沟钼矿钼的分析质量监控     

宋如晟  钟鸣  陈婉露  余红梅 《火山地质与矿产》2012,(1):40-45

通过对安徽省沙坪沟钼矿床矿石物质成分及结构、构造的分析,发现矿石中辉钼矿常呈细小鳞片状、浸染状分布于细脉中。针对岩芯易沿含矿裂纹破裂造成鳞片状辉钼矿丢失,本矿区全部采用金刚石刀具切割分取岩芯。制样过程试验中将样品无缩分粗碎、中碎至Ф〈-1．0mm,进行了K值试验,取0．5。缩分后密封棒磨6小时（充分混匀、磨碎）至-200目。分析了该矿区伴生元素不干扰测定的情况,不加Fe：O。载体,刚玉坩埚-Na2O2熔矿,降低空白值,严格质量监控,采用硫氰酸盐分光光度法测定钼量,获得的结果稳定可靠。本试验成果可为从事同类型大型钼矿的分析测试和质量监控提供参考。  相似文献   

Surveillance of Invasive Bacterial Pathogens and Human Enteric Viruses in Wastewater Final Effluents and Receiving Water Bodies – a Case Study from Durban,South Africa     

Ademola O. Olaniran  Shalinee Naidoo  Balakrishna Pillay 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(7):681-691

The physico‐chemical characteristics and microbial composition of the final effluents of two municipal wastewater treatment plants in South Africa were assessed between July and September 2009. The impact of the treated final effluents on the receiving water bodies was also evaluated. The temperature across all sampling points ranged between 14 and 22°C, while pH varied from 6.9 to 7.6. High levels of turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and orthophosphate (PO₄) were observed in many cases. Turbidity of the samples was in the range of 2.2–288.6 NTU. The concentrations (mg/L) of other physico‐chemical parameters are as follows: COD (9.33–289); ammonia (0.000340–45.4); nitrate (0.062–539); nitrite (0.021–22.6); PO₄ (5.3–33.2). The microbial quality of the effluents discharged from the plants did not comply with the limits set by the South African guidelines with respect to pathogens such as Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli, total coliform, faecal coliform, enterococci, faecal streptococci, and viral particles for effluents intended for discharge into receiving watersheds. This study revealed an undesirable impact on the physico‐chemical and microbial qualities of the receiving water bodies as a result of the discharge of inadequately treated effluents from the wastewater treatment facilities. This poses a health risk to several rural communities which rely on the receiving water bodies primarily as their sources of domestic water and recreational purposes. There is therefore a need for the intervention of appropriate regulatory agencies in South Africa to ensure compliance of treatment facilities with wastewater effluent quality standards.  相似文献