Prediction of ground motion in the Osaka sedimentary basin associated with the hypothetical Nankai earthquake     

Haruko Sekiguchi  Masayuki Yoshimi  Haruo Horikawa  Kunikazu Yoshida  Sunao Kunimatsu  Kenji Satake 《Journal of Seismology》2008,12(2):185-195

We studied the long-period ground motions in the Osaka sedimentary basin, Japan, which contains a 1- to 3-km thickness of sediments and is the site of many buildings or construction structures with long-natural period. We simulated the broadband ground motions likely to be produced by the hypothetical Nankai earthquake: the earthquake expected to give rise to the most severe long-period ground motion within the basin. For the simulation, we constructed multiscale heterogeneous source models based on the Central Disaster Management Council of Japan (CDMC) source model and adopted a hybrid computation method in which long-period motion and short-period motion are computed using a 3-D finite difference method and the stochastic Green’s function method, respectively. In computing long-period motions, we used a 3-D structure model of the crust and the Osaka sedimentary basin. The ground motions are estimated to have peak velocities of 50–90 cm/s, prolonged durations exceeding 300 s, and long predominant periods of 5–10 s in the area with great thickness of sediments. The predominant periods are in agreement with an approximate evaluation by 4 H/V _s where H and V _s are the thickness of the sediment and the average S wave velocity, respectively.  相似文献   

关于西沙海槽正磁异常带的地球物理认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张永军  刘振军  赵百民 《地球物理学进展》2009,24(6):1987-1994

南海北部西沙海槽存在东西向正磁异常带,长约350 km,前人推测为基性或超基性物质反磁化的反映.通过对西沙海槽大比例尺高精度航磁资料分带化极处理和反演拟合,发现西沙海槽正磁异常带由海槽北缘隐伏强磁性体斜磁化引起.磁性体埋深超过9 km,推测是残留洋壳（蛇绿岩）,为海南岛昌江—琼海断裂带或海南岛九所—陵水断裂带所代表的缝合带在南海北部的延伸段.  相似文献   

0414号"云娜"台风路径分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周晓英  胡学军  胡得宝  沈全福  陈金龙 《海洋预报》2005,22(3):25-30

通过对0414号“云娜”台风的高空背景场及云图的分析,揭示影响台风移动路径的辛勿理因子。研究结果表明：副高、弱环境场中台风自身内力、台风的非对称结构是影响“云娜”台风移动的主要因素,西风槽对“云娜”台风的移动起着间接作用。  相似文献   

港湾深槽骤淤的条件探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨辉  谢钦春  李伯根  夏小明 《海洋学报》2005,27(4):95-101

深槽骤淤指深槽底部在特定条件下产生的快速淤积,通常以浮泥形式出现.综合分析杭州湾、三门湾和象山港的地形地貌、水文泥沙及深槽固定剖面风暴前后或大、小潮期间的地形变化得出港湾深槽产生骤淤的基本条件:(1)有丰富的细颗粒物质的供应源;(2)迅速衰减的动力条件;(3)存在明显的负地形.三个条件必须同时得到满足,深槽才能产生骤淤.杭州湾泥沙来源丰富,终年悬沙浓度高,东试挖槽附近受长江冲淡水次级锋面和钱塘江冲淡水锋面影响较大,因此在一个大小潮周期内水动力条件减弱时挖槽处可产生骤淤.三门湾泥沙来源较丰富,正常天气的年份内潮滩处于缓慢淤积状态,而深槽处于冲淤基本平衡状态,但在风暴等灾害性天气下发生强烈的滩、槽泥沙交换,若风暴后处于中小潮汛期则深槽发生骤淤.象山港由于环境隐蔽,水清沙少,沿岸潮滩狭窄,缺少骤淤的物源,即使风暴作用后鹰龙山深槽也没有产生骤淤.  相似文献   

新疆夏季变湿的大气环流异常特征   总被引：14，自引：3，他引：11  

赵兵科  蔡承侠  杨莲梅  王慧 《冰川冻土》2006,28(3):434-442

利用1961-2003年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国气象局整编的新疆夏季(6~8月)月降水量资料,分析了新疆夏季1971-1986年干旱期和1987-2003年湿润期的大气环流变化异常特征.结果表明:在平均环流场上,中亚-巴尔喀什湖槽及上下游地区脊的增强是新疆地区夏季变湿的环流场特征之一,且中亚-巴尔喀什湖槽随高度增加强度明显增强,200 hPa达到最强;源于低纬阿拉伯海向北直至中亚对流层低层偏南的强气流是湿润期环流异常、降水增多的又一特征,也是水汽重要来源之一;中亚上空高空急流轴南压是新疆夏季湿润期与干旱期高空急流最重要的差异特征.  相似文献   

盾构施工引起的地表横向沉降槽分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

璩继立  许英姿 《岩土力学》2006,27(2):313-316

基于龙东路-世纪公园站区间隧道现场实测资料,对由盾构施工引起的沉降槽的形状进行了深入研究。首先绘出埋深不同的沉降槽的实测形状;再利用数学拟合方法对沉降槽的形状、影响范围、宽度系数及最大沉降量出现的位置进行的研究,指出它们均与隧道的埋深有着密切的关系;最后,用统计学的方法给出隧道埋深与最大沉降量以及沉降槽宽度系数与隧道埋深之间的定量关系式。  相似文献   

冲绳海槽中段西陆坡下缘天然气水合物存在的可能性分析   总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28  

孟宪伟  刘保华 《沉积学报》2000,18(4):629-633

海洋中的天然气水合物主要发育在有机质供应充分、沉积速率快、热流值较高、水深大于300m的大陆斜坡和活动边缘的增生楔发育区;沉积物类型主要以泥质砂岩、砂质泥岩和浊积岩为主。似海底反射层(BSR)和极性反转是识别天然气水合物层的关键标志。冲绳海槽中段西陆坡下缘水深大于1000m;沉积物类型主要为粉砂质泥和泥质粉砂,在部分层位见浊积层。与东海陆架相比,西陆坡下缘的有机质含量、沉积速率的热流值都较高,其范围分别为0.75%～1.25%、10～40cm/ka和70～437mw/m2;单道地震剖面具有明显的似海底反射层(BSR)和极性反转特征,因此,推断冲绳海槽中段西陆坡下缘可能存在天然气水合物层。  相似文献   

三峡坝区河谷深槽地貌特征及其成因     

李徐生  杨达源  柯贤坤  ZHOU Lufu  CHEN Deji  YANG Tianmin  XUE Guofu 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):507-512

This paper describes valley bottom troughs of the Changjiang River and infers the geomorphologic development of troughs. Based on the morphology of the troughs, the following conclusions are drawn. (1) The deep troughs on the Three Gorges valley bottom are formed by river downcutting along the structural zones on the background of regional tectonic uplift at about 40-30 ka BP. (2) When river downcutting occurred in the river bed of Changjiang, the jets current (particularly eddy current) with a large number of pebbles ground and eroded the valley bottom, resulting in trough formation and deepening. Meanwhile, water currents with gravels and pebbles eroded the bank and the left wall of No.76 trough as well as the right wall of No.77 trough by striking, scouring, horizontal and vertical grinding. (3) The depth of the trough is mainly determined by the intensity of the water current and the consistency of bedrock against erosion, and is not controlled hv the altihlde of the sea level as the base level of erosion.  相似文献   

基于客观识别的冬季南支槽强度年际变化及其与南方降水的关联性     

杨永宏  吴树炎  黄威  陶威 《气象科技》2023,51(4):480-488

利用欧洲中心ERA Interim逐日再分析资料,基于南支槽客观识别方法定义了一个南支槽强度指数,并结合格点降水资料,对1980—2019年冬季南支槽强度的年际变化特征及其与中国降水、大气环流和水汽输送的联系进行了研究。结果表明：① 南支槽强度变化主要呈准4年周期。② 赤道中东太平洋海温是影响南支槽年际变化的一个重要因素,与南支槽强度有很强的负相关关系,其中Nino 3区的海温变化对南支槽强度的影响更显著。③ 南支槽偏强年从云南南部到华南一带降水量较常年偏多,其中广东、湖南和江西南部至福建一带降水量较常年偏多30 mm以上;南支槽偏弱年西南至华南一带降水较常年偏少,其中广东、广西东部降水量较常年偏少30 mm以上。④ 南支槽偏强年时存在两支异常水汽输送路径,一支为从赤道以北至10°N,从60°E延伸至菲律宾附近的异常强西风水汽输送带;另一支位于20°N附近,由南支槽的槽前西南气流将孟加拉湾地区水汽输送到我国境内,是冬季西南与华南的主要水汽通道。  相似文献   

Extensive Cold-Precipitation-Freezing Events in Southern China and Their Circulation Characteristics   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jing-Bei PENG  Cholaw BUEH  Zuo-Wei XIE 《大气科学进展》2021,38(1):81-97

Concurrence of low temperature,precipitation and freezing weather in an extensive area would cause devastating impacts on local economy and society.We call such a combination of concurrent disastrous weather“extensive coldprecipitation-freezing”events(ECPFEs).In this study,the ECPFEs in southern China(15°?35°N,102°?123°E)are objectively defined by using daily surface observational data for the period 1951?2013.An ECPFE in southern China is defined if the low temperature area,precipitation area and freezing area concurrently exceed their respective thresholds for at least three consecutive days.The identified ECPFEs are shown to be reasonable and reliable,compared with those in previous studies.The circulation anomalies in ECPFEs are characterized by a large-scale tilted ridge and trough pairing over mid-and high-latitude Eurasia,and the intensified subtropical westerlies along the southern foot of the Tibetan Plateau and the anomalous anticyclonic circulation over the subtropical western Pacific.Comparative analysis reveals that the stable cold air from the north and the warm and moist air from the south converge,facilitating a favorable environment for the concurrence of extensive low-temperature,precipitation and freezing weather.  相似文献