Evaluating fishery impacts using metrics of community structure   总被引：8，自引：14，他引：8  

Rice  Jake C. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2000,57(3):682-688

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雷州半岛灯楼角珊瑚礁海区的浮游植物   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

尹健强  黄晖  黄良民  林永水  李开枝  练健生 《海洋通报》2006,25(2):8-14

雷州半岛西南岸的珊瑚礁,是唯一的中国大陆沿岸现代珊瑚礁。根据2004年8月的调查资料研究分析了雷州半岛灯楼角珊瑚礁海区浮游植物的种类组成、生态类群和数量分布等,以期为珊瑚礁生态系的研究提供基础资料。结果显示:浮游植物共有108种(含变种和变型),其中硅藻门34属85种、甲藻门10属21种、蓝藻门1属2种,浮游植物的种数分布由近岸往远岸递增;浮游植物大致划分为近岸低盐类群、近海广布类群和外海高温高盐类群等3个生态类群;优势种有中肋骨条藻Skeletonemacostatum、菱形海线藻Thalassionemanitzschioides、奇异菱形藻Nitzschiaparadoxa等8种;多样性指数和均匀度平均值分别为3.448和0.655,总体分布比较均匀;浮游植物细胞总量平均值为93×104cells/m3,其中硅藻类占绝对优势,浮游植物分布不均匀,密集于灯楼角南面的A断面。  相似文献   

盐度和营养限制对蓝杆藻(Cyanothece. sp)113菌株生长和胞外多糖产量的影响     

苏传东 《海洋湖沼通报》2005,12(4):69-74

蓝杆藻113菌株为海洋微藻，实验室培养证明其单位体积胞外多糖产量高。用改进的F／2改良培养液培养，添加70g／L时的NaCl盐度是该菌株胞外多糖释放的最适盐度。不添加NaCl时的盐度是菌体细胞生长的最适盐度。NaNO2营养限制抑制该菌株细胞的生长，促进该菌株胞外多糖的释放。NaH2PO4营养限制抑制该菌株细胞的生长，但对胞外多糖产量的影响不明显。MgSO4营养限制则同时抑制该菌株细胞生长和胞外多糖释放。该研究结果有助于蓝杆藻113菌株胞外多糖的生产及该菌株其它方面的开发利用。  相似文献   

Microzooplankton production in the oceans   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Landry  Michael R.; Calbet  Albert 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2004,61(4):501-507

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A depocenter of organic matter at 7800 m depth in the SE Pacific Ocean     

R. Danovaro  N. Della Croce  A. Dell&#x;Anno  A. Pusceddu 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2003,50(12):1411-1420

The Atacama trench, the deepest ecosystem of the southern Pacific Ocean (ca. 8000 m depth) was investigated during the Atacama Trench International Expedition. Sediments, collected at three bathyal stations (1040–1355 m depth) and at a hadal site (7800 m) were analyzed for organic matter quantity and biochemical composition (in terms of phytopigments, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids), bacterial abundance, biomass and carbon production and extracellular enzymatic activities. Functional chlorophyll-a (18.0±0.10 mg m⁻²), phytodetritus (322.2 mg m⁻²) and labile organic carbon (16.9±4.3 g C m⁻²) deposited on surface sediments at hadal depth (7800 m) reached concentrations similar to those encountered in highly productive shallow coastal areas. High values of bacterial C production and aminopeptidase activity were also measured (at in situ temperature and 1 atm). The chemical analyses of the Atacama hadal sediments indicate that this trench behaves as a deep oceanic trap for organic material. We hypothesize that, despite the extreme physical conditions, benthic microbial processes might be accelerated as a result of the organic enrichment.  相似文献   

厦门文昌鱼人工繁育批量生产技术研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周仁杰  方琦 《台湾海峡》2007,26(1):121-128

2005年5月21日至7月6日从厦门市翔安区欧厝附近海域采集文昌鱼亲体6批共计550余尾，移入室内进行强化培育．7月16日和17日夜间，培育的亲体自然排放精卵并受精，共获得受精卵125万粒．受精卵孵化获得浮游幼体115万尾，孵化率达92．0％．孵化的幼体经25d较高密度人工培育，获得99．2万尾体长0．31～0．72cm的文昌鱼苗及未成苗浮游幼体；分苗疏养后，又经28d继续培育，存活的幼体几乎全部潜入沙层中，最终获得体长0．55～1．30cm的厦门文昌鱼潜沙苗23．2万尾，其53d育苗成活率达20．7％．这是国内外首次人工培育获得成批量的文昌鱼增养殖苗种．进而于2005年11月6日向厦门文昌鱼自然保护区实施了国内外首次的文昌鱼资源人工增殖放流．  相似文献   

Biogeochemical Variation in Dimethylsulfide, Phytoplankton Pigments and Heterotrophic Bacterial Production in the Subarctic North Pacific during Summer     

Kazushi Aranami  Shuichi Watanabe  Shizuo Tsunogai  Masato Hayashi  Ken Furuya  Toshi Nagata 《Journal of Oceanography》2001,57(3):315-322

Dimethylsulfide (DMS), chlorophyll a (Chl-a), accessory pigments (fucoxanthin, peridinin and 19-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin), and bacterial production (BP) were measured in the surface layer (0–100 m) of the subarctic North Pacific, including the Bering Sea, during summer (14 July–5 September, 1997). In surface sewater, the concentrations of DMS and Chl-a varied widely from 1.3 to 13.2 nM (5.1 ± 3.0 nM, mean ± S.D., n = 48) and from 0.1 to 2.4 µg L^–1 (0.6 ± 0.6 µg L^–1, n = 24), respectively. In the subarctic North Pacific, DMS to Chl-a ratios (DMS/Chl-a) were higher on the eastern side than the western side (p < 0.0001). Below the euphotic zone, DMS/Chl-a ratios were law and the correlation between DMS and Chl-a was relatively strong (r ² = 0.700, n = 27, p < 0.0001). In the euphotic zone, DMS/Chl-a ratios were higher and the correlation between DMS and Chl-a was weak (r ² = 0.128, n = 50, p = 0.01). The wide variation in DMS/Chl-a ratios would be at least partially explained by the geographic variation in the taxonomic composition of phytoplankton, because of the negative correlation between DMS/Chl-a and fucoxanthin-to-Chl-a ratios (Fuc/Chl-a) (r ² = 0.476, n = 26, p = 0.0001). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between DMS and BP (r ² = 0.380, n = 19, p = 0.005). This suggests that BP did not represent DMS and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) removal by bacterial consumption but rather DMSP degradation to DMS by bacterial enzyme.  相似文献   

组织培养板在获取微藻种质中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周成旭  严小军 《海洋技术学报》2006,25(4):54-57

报道一种基于选择演替和及时显微跟踪的原理获取一次野外水样中多种微藻的方法。利用组织培养板方便的显微观测条件和适宜容积提供微藻存活的空间,在不同培养条件下,进行微藻群落演替、及时显微跟踪检测和优势种分离,可以使野外水样初期低生物量种类优势化,以利于纯系种质的获得。并通过不同演替条件获得其中出现的未鉴定或初期样品中未检出的种质,提供进一步研究的基础。该方法在获取微藻种质和种质库建设上不失为一可行技术手段。论文以一次野外采集海水样品在不同营养条件下的主要优势种类演替跟踪检测、低生物量种质优势化过程和纯系种质分离为例,说明该方法在获取微藻种质中的应用。  相似文献   

Changes in the mesozooplankton community associated with the hydrography off the northwestern Iberian Peninsula   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Blanco-Bercial  Leocadio; Alvarez-Marques  Florentina; Cabal  Jesus A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(5):799-810

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The European coastal zone: characterization and first assessment of ecosystem metabolism     

Frdric Gazeau  Stephen V. Smith  Bernard Gentili  Michel Frankignoulle  Jean-Pierre Gattuso 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2004,60(4):673-694

The geomorphic, oceanographic, terrestrial and anthropogenic attributes of the European coastal zone are described and published data on ecosystem function (primary production and respiration) are reviewed. Four regions are considered: the Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and the European Atlantic coast including the North Sea. The metabolic database (194 papers) suffers from a non-homogeneous geographical coverage with no usable data for the Black Sea which was therefore excluded from this part of our study. Pelagic gross primary production in European open shelves is, by far, the most documented parameter with an estimated mean of 41 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹, the lowest value is reported in the Mediterranean Sea (21 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹) and the highest one in the Atlantic/North Sea area (51 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹). Microphytobenthic primary production, mostly measured in shallow areas, is extrapolated to the entire 0–200 m depth range. Its contribution to total primary production is low in all regions (mean: 1.5 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹). Although macrophyte beds are very productive, a regional production estimate is not provided in this study because their geographical distribution along the European coastline remains unknown. Measurements of pelagic community respiration are clearly too sparse, especially below the euphotic zone, to yield an accurate picture of the fate of organic matter produced in the water column. With a mean value of 17 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹, benthic community respiration consumes approximately 40% of the pelagic organic matter production. Estuaries generally exhibit high metabolic rates and a large range of variation in all parameters, except microphytobenthic primary production. Finally, the problem of eutrophication in Europe is discussed and the metabolic data obtained in the framework of the Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) project are compared with available direct measurements of net ecosystem production.  相似文献