某些环境因子对鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)和鲮鱼(Cirrhinus molitorella)呼吸作用的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

区又君 《海洋湖沼通报》1996,(4)

通过压力一电换能器记录了温度、酸碱度和Cu2+对鲫鱼或鲮鱼呼吸作用的影响。温度变化主要影响鱼的鳃盖运动，而酸碱度和Cu2+主要对鱼的咳嗽运动产生影响，这是因为咳嗽运动的作用是洗去积存于鳃上的污物。  相似文献   

久效磷对雄性金鱼的生殖毒性研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

邴欣  汝少国  姜明  王晓宇 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(1):69-74

分别用0.01，0.1和0．5mg／L的久效磷暴露雄性金鱼，取尾静脉血进行血浆聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和精子超微结构的电镜观察。结果表明，与对照组雄鱼和雌鱼相比，各浓度暴露组均发现了1条特异性蛋白。这条蛋白带在电泳凝胶上的位置与17β-雌二醇诱导雄性金鱼分泌的卵黄原蛋白相同，因而可以认定这条特异性蛋白为卵黄原蛋白；0.01mg/L暴露组金鱼精子质膜局部出现溶解，0．1mg／L暴露组的多数精子细胞质膜溶解并断裂，少量精子颈部中心粒复合体和线粒体溶解。  相似文献   

Modified hooks reduce incidental mortality of snapper (Pagrus auratus: Sparidae) in the New Zealand commercial longline fishery     

Willis  T. J.; Millar  R. B. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2001,58(4):830-841

  相似文献   

异育银鲫准回交世代经济性状优势的遗传基础研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

沈怀舜  杨官品  许璞 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(2):219-224

用RAPD技术分析了方正银鲫、异育银鲫、异育银鲫准回交世代和兴国红鲤4个群体的遗传相似性。方正银鲫、异育银鲫和异育银鲫准回交世代多态位点数接近。且显著低于兴国红鲤;异育银鲫准回交世代存在特异带或特有带;方正银鲫与异育银鲫间的遗传相似性高于它与异育银鲫准回交世代间的遗传相似性,而兴国红鲤与异育银鲫间的相似性低于其与异育银鲫准回交世代间的遗传相似性。结果表明：三倍体群体遗传多样性低于正常二倍体;异育银鲫准回交世代存在遗传重组;随着兴国红鲤精子刺激次数增加。后代遗传背景与方正银鲫差异越来越大,而与兴国红鲤越来越相似。精子刺激三倍体卵发育,也能将一些遗传物质整合进卵细胞核,使后代经济性状呈现一定的优势。  相似文献   

真鲷仔稚鱼鳔发育与分化研究     

马爱军  雷霁霖  马英杰  孙飚 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,(4)

采用组织切片和显微观察方法,对孵化后１～３０ｄ的真鲷（Ｐａｇｒｕｓｍａｊｏｒ）仔稚鱼鳔的发育与分化发育进行了研究。结果表明：孵化后１～２ｄ的仔鱼,开始在消化道的前端背部出现鳔原基,接着出现导气管、鳔腔、气腺和迷网,而后鳔囊开始充气。到孵化后２０～３０ｄ,鱼鳔分化发育基本稳定。真鲷仔鱼鳔器官的分化发育早期大致可以分为两个阶段：一是鳔腔扩大阶段,约在仔鱼孵化后的３～４ｄ,此阶段的发育是非功能性的;二是鳔囊充气阶段,大约在孵化后９～１０ｄ左右出现,形成一个缓慢向前方伸展的椭圆形鳔囊,此阶段鳔的发育是功能性的。此时鳔器官的发育好坏对真鲷仔鱼的生理、生态影响很大,反映在成活率的高低方面显得非常明显。真鲷鳔器官的分化发育在仔稚鱼期基本完成。  相似文献   

雌核发育银鲫两个不同品系线粒体DNA比较   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

樊连春  赖宇鹏  朱蓝菲  梁绍昌  桂建芳 《海洋与湖沼》2000,31(4):370-377

于１９９６年４月在中国科学院水生生物研究所关桥实验场取得银鲫Ｅ系（８♀,２♂）和Ｄ系（９♀,１♂）的卵巢（♀）或肝脏（♂）组织,分离纯化其线粒体ＤＮＡ,以此为材料,用２５种限制性内切酶分析了银鲫这两个雌核发育系的线粒体ＤＮＡ,构建了两系鱼ｍｔＤＮＡ的１９种酶个位点的酶切图谱。统计比较酶切片段的大小,发现５种内切酶（ＡｖａＩＩ,ＢａｍＨＩ,ＢｇｌＩ,ＳｐｈＩ,ＸｂａＩ）酶切位点在两个雌核发育系间存在  相似文献   

棉粕蛋白酶解物对异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)消化、生长和胰蛋白酶mRNA表达量的影响     

刘文斌  王恬 《海洋与湖沼》2006,37(6):568-574

以棉粕蛋白为酶解底物,用枯草杆菌蛋白酶对其进行酶解,以酶解产物1.5%和3.0%两个梯度等量替代鱼饲料配方中棉粕,在室内流水养殖系统中喂养异育银鲫鱼种[体重为(30±2)g]65天。测定鱼的生长、营养物质表观消化率、消化蛋白酶活性及肝胰脏中胰蛋白酶mRNA表达水平等指标。结果表明,添加1.5%和3.0%棉粕酶解产物的鱼在饲养35天后的特定增长率(SGR)分别比对照组高32.5%和56.7%,且差异显著(P<0.05);在饲养65天后,两组特定增长率分别比对照组高8.0%和21.0%,且差异极显著(P<0.01),肝胰脏中胰蛋白酶mRNA表达水平也随棉粕酶解产物添加梯度提高而相应提高,表明鱼的生长与消化蛋白酶mRNA表达水平相关。同时棉粕蛋白酶解物对肠道蛋白酶的活性和营养物质表观消化率都有促进作用,而棉粕蛋白酶解物对鱼肌肉成分并没有改变,这也表明棉粕蛋白酶解物在促进鱼生长、内源酶活性同时并未降低鱼的品质。  相似文献   

Early scale growth characteristics of the New Zealand snapper,chrysophrys auratus (Forster), with reference to selection of a scale‐sampling site     

L. J. Paul 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):273-292

Scales from 17 body areas of juvenile snapper, Chrysophyrs auratus (Forster), were examined to determine scale growth characteristics, with the aim of denning the most suitable body site for routine scale‐sampling. Least‐square regressions of fish length on scale measurement from 0+ fish were calculated for several body areas, and back‐calculations were made to fish length at first annulus (L₁) from a sample of 1+ fish, using both the “uncorrected” and “corrected” formulae.

The overall fish/scale relationship is curvilinear, but high correlation coefficients show that fish/scale regressions from 0+ snapper may be taken as essentially linear. Such regressions give hypothetical fish lengths at scale formation of 8–23 mm. Mid‐body scales form at 10–14 mm, caudal scales earlier, head scales later.

Back‐calculated L₁ values from each area were compared with the mean for the whole body. Using the uncorrected formula there is a general trend for them to be lower than the mean at the head and higher at the tail, while the mid‐body region shows minimum variation from the mean. These variations are caused at least partly by differences in time of scale formation. The corrected formula gives smaller L₁ variations and a mean back‐calculated L₁almost identical to an observed L₁ from independent length frequency data.

The observed variations in scale structure and growth suggest that the “pectoral area”, bounded by the lateral line and the ventral edge of the pectoral fin, is the most suitable site for scale sampling.  相似文献   

Evidence for long‐term site fidelity of snapper (Pagrus auratus) within a marine reserve     

Trevor J. Willis  Darren M. Parsons  Russ C. Babcock 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):581-590

Increases in the density of exploited species on unfished reefs logically implies that some individuals are at least temporarily resident, or show fidelity to a particular area. We tagged snapper (Pagrus auratus (Bloch & Schneider 1801)) in the Leigh Marine Reserve, New Zealand using visible implant fluorescent elastomer tags, recoverable by diver visual sightings without the need to recapture the fish. Batch tagging of snapper (n = 907) was done during an angling survey in June and December 1996, and individually coded tags were implanted by divers (n = 117) in January 1999. Snapper tagged during both programmes were recovered on irregular intervals from 1997 to 2000. There were 71 recoveries of batch tags within 500 m of their tagging sites, and these recoveries were still being made >3 years after tagging: Of individually coded fish, 49 (42%) were seen, sometimes repeatedly over several months, close to their respective tagging sites. These observations included snapper as small as 23 cm fork length, contradicting the commonly held impression that only large snapper take up long‐term residency on reefs. This preliminary evidence suggests that some snapper exhibit site fidelity to areas only a few hundred metres wide, and in the absence of fishing may occupy the same area for years.  相似文献   

Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus): a review of life history and key vulnerabilities in New Zealand     

DM Parsons  CJ Sim-Smith  M Cryer  MP Francis  B Hartill  EG Jones 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):256-283

Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) is an important coastal fish species in New Zealand for a variety of reasons, but the large amount of research conducted on snapper has not been reviewed. Here, we review life history information and potential threats for snapper in New Zealand. We present information on snapper life history, defining stages (eggs and larvae, juvenile and adult), and assess potential threats and knowledge gaps. Overall we identify six key points: 1. post-settlement snapper are highly associated with certain estuarine habitats that are under threat from land-based stressors. This may serve as a bottleneck for snapper populations; 2. the largest knowledge gaps relate to the eggs and larvae. Additional knowledge may help to anticipate the effects of climate change, which will likely have the greatest influence on these early life stages; 3. ocean acidification, from land-based sources and from climate change, may be an important threat to larval snapper; 4. a greater understanding of population connectivity would improve certainty around the sustainability of fishery exploitation; 5. the collateral effects of fishing are likely to be relevant to fishery productivity, ecosystem integrity and enduser value; 6. our understanding of the interrelationships between snapper and other ecosystem components is still deficient.  相似文献