长江下游大型沉井基础局部冲刷计算公式研究     

杨程生  蒋振雄  俞竹青  高祥宇  高正荣 《海洋工程》2022,40(3):105-114

大型沉井基础在长江下游大跨径跨江大桥工程中应用越来越多,基础局部冲刷深度预测是设计时需要重点考虑的问题之一。国内外对桥梁基础局部冲刷做了大量的研究并建立了局部冲刷计算公式,由于长江下游大型沉井基础规模越来越大,原有局部冲刷深度的预测公式存在一定的局限性。在常泰大桥超大沉井基础局部冲刷试验成果的基础上,结合长江下游南京以下跨江大桥沉井基础局部冲刷试验成果,通过量纲分析及多元回归法建立了大型沉井基础局部冲刷计算公式,并应用试验资料及实测资料进行了较好的验证。该公式计算结构简单,可供长江下游大型沉井基础局部冲刷深度估算参考和应用。  相似文献   

Undrained Bearing Capacity of Suction Caissons for Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations by Numerical Limit Analysis     

Hao Wang  Xiaohui Cheng 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(3):252-264

Determining the ultimate capacity of suction caissons in response to combined vertical, horizontal, and moment loading is essential for their design as foundations for offshore wind turbines. However, the method implemented for stability analysis is quite limited. Numerical limit analysis has an advantage over traditional limit equilibrium methods and nonlinear finite element methods in this case because upper and lower bounds can be achieved to ensure that the exact ultimate capacity of the caisson falls within the appropriate range. This article presents theories related to numerical limit analysis. Simulations are conducted for centrifuge model tests, the findings of which reveal the ability of numerical limit analysis to deal with the inclined pullout capacity of suction caissons. Finally, this article proposes an estimation of the ultimate capacity of a 3.5 MW offshore wind turbine foundation on normally consolidated clay based on the typical environmental parameters of Bothkennar, Scotland. Undrained failure envelopes and safety factors are obtained for suction caissons with different embedment ratios. Failure mechanisms, plastic zones, clay stress distributions, and the influence of the skin friction coefficients of caissons are discussed in detail.  相似文献   

砂土中吸力式沉箱基础的最佳荷载作用点位置模型试验研究     

黎冰  郑翔  高玉峰  沙成明  邱月 《岩土力学》2013,34(9):2521-2526

通过一系列模型试验研究了倾斜荷载作用下吸力式沉箱基础的最佳作用点位置,试验中考虑了荷载作用点、荷载作用角度和长径比3个重要因素。基于模型试验得到的荷载-位移曲线,采用合适的破坏标准确定了各工况下吸力式沉箱基础的抗拔承载力,根据承载力的变化规律分析确定了吸力式沉箱基础的最佳作用点位置。结果表明,荷载作用角度对吸力式沉箱基础承载力的影响显著,当荷载水平作用于基础时,其承载力最大。荷载作用点位置对吸力式沉箱基础承载力的影响取决于荷载作用角度的大小,当荷载作用角度较小时,荷载作用点位置的影响显著,且最佳作用点位置位于沉箱高度的2/3～3/4处;当荷载作用角度较大时,荷载作用点位置的影响很小,可以忽略。结合荷载与吸力式沉箱基础的转角关系,分析了荷载水平作用于最佳作用点下吸力式沉箱基础的破坏模式。  相似文献   

明基床上开孔沉箱总力矩试验研究     

张玉彬  孙大鹏  夏志盛 《海洋工程》2012,30(3):51-58

通过二维水槽内规则波以及不规则波作用下开孔沉箱的受力试验研究,分析研究了明基床上开孔沉箱所受的总力矩与相对基床高度、消浪室相对宽度、相对水深、波陡以及开孔率等影响因素间的相关关系,并利用最小二乘法给出总力矩比值(开孔沉箱/实体沉箱)与其影响因素间的拟合公式,同时将计算值与试验值对比,二者吻合较好,所得经验关系式可供工程设计参考。  相似文献   

水平荷载作用下裙式吸力基础承载性能研究     

李大勇  曹立雪  高盟  刘炜炜 《海洋工程》2013,31(1):67-73

传统吸力基础是一个单桶结构,被广泛作为海洋平台、漂浮结构的基础,近年来也被推广到海上风电塔架。作为风电塔架基础,要充分提高其水平承载能力。为此,提出一种改进的基础形式—裙式吸力基础。采用Z_SOIL有限元软件,针对砂土地基,从水平单调加载和循环加载两个方面,对传统单桶吸力基础和裙式吸力基础进行了承载性能对比研究,得到了相应的荷载-位移曲线。研究结果表明,裙式吸力基础由于设置了"裙"结构,显著提高了其抵抗水平静载和循环水平动力荷载的能力,并能有效控制基础的水平位移,是值得推广应用的一种新型海洋工程基础形式。  相似文献   

Theoretical studies on penetration resistance of suction caissons in clay     

Yuqi Wu  Qing Yang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(5):558-567

ABSTRACT

The suction caisson is commonly a top-closed cylindrical steel structure with large diameter, short length and much thinner skirt wall thickness. The resistance to penetrating is calculated as the sum of the tip bearing capacity and the adhesion on the both sides of the skirt wall. Since the thickness of the skirt wall is very small, the downward adhesion produced by the skirt wall will cause the additional vertical stress and shear stress in the soil at the skirt tip level, increasing the skirt tip resistance. However, the increase in skirt tip resistance caused by the additional vertical stress rather than shear stress in soil at the skirt tip level was only considered, this may lead to an inaccurate estimation for the tip bearing capacity and the suction required. Thus, a modified slip-line field is put forward in this study to estimate the tip resistance. The expression of obtaining the minimum suction to install the suction caisson in clay is derived in terms of the force equilibrium. Results from calculations of the minimum suction have been proved to be in a good agreement with the measured data.  相似文献   

水中沉井下沉期间刃脚空间受力试验     

蒋炳楠  马建林  李孟豪  褚晶磊 《岩土力学》2019,40(5):1693-1703

以沪通大桥沉井为背景,设计完成了深水大截面沉井下沉模拟试验。模拟了沉井在水中不排水吸泥下沉的过程,并分析了沉井在下沉过程中刃脚踏面和斜面应力在空间上的分布规律,得出沉井角点处应力最大,长边中点处最小,短边平均应力大于长边的结论。以长边中点为基准应力,确定了长宽比为1.33时刃脚全截面的应力系数。刃脚斜面上应力除受空间位置影响外还与泥面高度相关,且变化规律与踏面应力相反。当泥面高度确定后,用三次函数确定其应力分布。讨论了倾斜、翻砂突沉对刃脚受力的影响,得出两者均会引起刃脚空间受力分布的改变。发现沉井翻砂和突沉前后刃脚踏面应力、斜面应力、刃脚处水力梯度均会发生明显的变化,且变化趋势均早于沉井翻砂和突沉的发生,对沉井翻砂和突沉的预警有重要意义。  相似文献   

大跨度公铁合建斜拉桥主塔沉井基础沉降变形分析     

谭国宏  肖海珠  杜勋  胡文军 《岩土力学》2019,40(3):1113-1120

  相似文献   

Analytical and experimental studies on installation of a suction caisson with tampered tip in clay     

Shuwang Yan  Jingjing Zhang  Jian Chu  Zhiliang Huo 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(3):435-440

Concrete suction caissons have been successfully used as breakwaters or seawalls in recent years. The relative large wall thickness-to-diameter ratio of a concrete caisson can lead to the formation of a full soil heave plug that may cause difficulties in the installation of concrete caisson in clay. One way to overcome this limitation is to use a tampered tip for the caisson wall. An analytical method is proposed in this article to calculate the minimum suction pressure required to penetrate a caisson and the maximum allowable suction pressure that can be applied to avoid too much soil heave plug during the installation of the suction caisson. Four model tests were conducted in normally consolidated clay to study the installation process of a concrete suction caisson with tampered tip and to verify the proposed analytical method. The height of the soil heave plug in the caisson with a tampered tip is observed to be about half of that in the caisson with a flat tip.  相似文献   

Erosion mechanism of local scour around cushioned caisson on reinforced ground     

Chen Wang  Xiong Yu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(7):1028-1036

The scour behavior of cushioned caisson constructed on reinforced ground, which is used to support superstructure constructed in deep water in seismic zones, was investigated by experimental and numerical methods. Flume tests under nine different flow velocities between 18 and 48?cm/s were performed based on hydraulic similarity design. Complementary numerical simulations were also conducted for the flow velocities ranging from 16 to 46?cm/s. Five typical working modes of the foundation under erosion, namely, ideal working, well working, edge failure, shear failure, and total failure, are analyzed together with their potential impacts on seismic-designed foundation. The critical shear stress, local flow structures, and streamlines were used as the key factors to analyze the change of bed materials and the scour characteristics. Fluid–solid interaction model was built by computational fluid dynamics with sediment transport model, and k–ε turbulent model has been implemented to describe the turbulence in the fluid phase typical of scour process. The mechanisms of two possible failure models for the foundation layer elements were identified, based on which recommendations were provided for scour protection to ensure the integrity and performance of seismic-designed foundations. The integrated computational model and model experiments also demonstrate a framework to understand the local scour mechanism for the cushioned caisson on reinforced ground.  相似文献