Erosion mechanism of local scour around cushioned caisson on reinforced ground     

Chen Wang  Xiong Yu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(7):1028-1036

The scour behavior of cushioned caisson constructed on reinforced ground, which is used to support superstructure constructed in deep water in seismic zones, was investigated by experimental and numerical methods. Flume tests under nine different flow velocities between 18 and 48?cm/s were performed based on hydraulic similarity design. Complementary numerical simulations were also conducted for the flow velocities ranging from 16 to 46?cm/s. Five typical working modes of the foundation under erosion, namely, ideal working, well working, edge failure, shear failure, and total failure, are analyzed together with their potential impacts on seismic-designed foundation. The critical shear stress, local flow structures, and streamlines were used as the key factors to analyze the change of bed materials and the scour characteristics. Fluid–solid interaction model was built by computational fluid dynamics with sediment transport model, and k–ε turbulent model has been implemented to describe the turbulence in the fluid phase typical of scour process. The mechanisms of two possible failure models for the foundation layer elements were identified, based on which recommendations were provided for scour protection to ensure the integrity and performance of seismic-designed foundations. The integrated computational model and model experiments also demonstrate a framework to understand the local scour mechanism for the cushioned caisson on reinforced ground.  相似文献   

软土中吸力式桶形基础倾覆承载性能离心模型试验     

朱斌  应盼盼  邢月龙 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):247-252

输电杆塔和风电机组基础主要承受上部结构倾覆弯矩荷载,倾覆承载性能是该类基础设计中的关键问题。针对饱和软黏土地基中的杆式结构桶形基础,通过开展位移控制循环加载、位移维持加载、力控制循环加载和单调静力加载离心模型试验,研究其倾覆承载能力。试验发现,当桶形基础达到极限承载力时其转动中心位置约在桶盖正下方0.8倍桶裙高度处;当循环倾覆弯矩幅值与极限抗弯承载力比值小于3/5时,桶形基础在循环过程中转角的累积难以持续增长,并逐渐趋于稳定;循环加载作用下土与结构相互作用刚度出现明显弱化,所获得的桶形基础循环弱化因子阈值约为0.15;位移维持加载的峰值荷载-位移曲线与单调静力加载的荷载-位移曲线较为一致,位移维持加载的谷值荷载-位移曲线对应的承载力较峰值荷载-位移曲线对应的承载力明显偏小,减少约30%～40%。  相似文献   

空间节省型堰式沉箱波浪反射与结构优化试验研究     

胡馨月  李超  梁书秀  薛庆仁  刘华政  张家硕 《海洋工程》2023,41(2):144-152

为了同时提升消浪效果和节省海岸空间,对低反射防波堤进行改进,提出了一种空间节省型堰式沉箱结构。通过物理模型试验研究了堰式沉箱在规则波作用下的消能机理,然后采用单因子分析法分析了相对淹没深度、波陡和相对波高对反射系数的影响,并且利用SPSS软件对无因次参数进行非线性回归分析得到了反射系数计算公式。结果表明,内堰消浪室可以形成良好的波能耗散机制,随着有效消浪室个数的增多,消浪效果逐渐增强,使得反射系数的最小值和最大值较非透空直立结构分别降低了60%～90%和10%～30%。基于以上研究成果,给出关于特征水位与内堰的相对位置关系的合理建议,并总结了堰式沉箱结构的优化设计要点,对实际工程应用具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

混合土层吸力筒沉贯阻力算法研究及应用     

黄锐  马远刚  王翔  何成园  孙国光 《海洋工程》2023,41(1):152-158

为补充DNVGL-RP-C212规范关于混合土层内吸力筒沉贯阻力计算参数的不确定描述,基于长乐外海风电场多个吸力筒基础的沉贯负压监测成果,对黏土—砂混合土层内吸力筒沉贯阻力算法进行研究。提出了基于黏粒含量确定侧阻力修正系数kf的算法,引入桩基工程中基于静力触探试验（CPT）的fs计算桩侧剪切强度的经验算法,并对其进行修正,用于计算吸力筒的沉贯侧阻力。对两种算法的准确性进行了验证,对其可靠性进行比较,提出了以前者计算结果为准,后者计算结果作为校核依据的建议。  相似文献   

The Reflection of Normal Incident Waves by Absorbing-Type Breakwaters     

Ching-Yun YUEH  Shih-Hsuan CHUANG 《中国海洋工程》2009,23(4):729-740

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Holding capacity of suction caisson anchors embedded in cohesive soils based on finite element analysis     

Jaehun Ahn  Hanmin Lee  Yun‐Tae Kim 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2014,38(15):1541-1555

The foundations of offshore structures have been intensively studied to provide design guidelines for oil platforms. Recently, techniques developed for the oil industry have found new applications in the design of foundations for offshore wind turbines. There are simplified analytical solutions for the holding capacity of suction anchors, which are based on postulated failure mechanisms and are often compared with the results of finite element analyses. The merit of the results of a finite element analysis over the simplified solutions is that the finite element analysis satisfies all the basic equations in mechanics and does not require the assumption of reasonable failure mechanisms. The aim of this study is, based on the results of extensive finite element analyses, to provide a set of formulae for the estimation of the holding capacities of optimally loaded suction caisson anchors embedded in cohesive soils with a linear strength distribution. The bearing capacity factor and the depth of the optimal loading point are also estimated and reported. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

An Assembly Coastal Building Technique in Port Engineering     

陈育民  刘汉龙  陈泽  高玉峰 《中国海洋工程》2009,23(2):379-386

The assembly coastal hfilding technique initiated at home and abroad,is for a novel vertical standing harbor structure.Its main concept is the assembling components which can be combined and locked together to form a large caisson.Its application and future are discussed for a building.After many years of application and tests,the technique has a high stability,a wide range of application,low workload and fast construction speed.It can be widely applied in future for harbor engineering projects.  相似文献   

海底管道沉箱基础的复合承载力包络面研究     

周素静  张艳  王栋 《海洋通报》2019,38(6):727-733

当负压沉箱被用作深水管汇或管道终端基础时,其长径比常介于1～2之间,而目前的沉箱复合承载力包络面表达式大都针对长径比不超过1的情况,少数覆盖长径比大于1的研究又不适用于土体表层强度非零的情况。采用有限元方法,模拟竖向力、水平力和弯矩共同作用下沉箱基础的响应,采用Probe加载模式获得沉箱的复合承载力包络面。进行大量变动参数分析,针对长径比为1～2的沉箱,讨论了长径比和土体强度分布对单向承载力和包络面的影响,并给出了预测沉箱复合承载力的归一化表达式。  相似文献   

Analysis of pullout load capacity of suction caissons in clay by a three-dimensional displacement approach     

Hiroyoshi Hirai 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(4):425-437

A study was made to present analytical solutions of pullout load capacity for a suction caisson subjected to inclined tension in clay. The inclined tension on the skirt of the suction caisson is transformed into an equivalent system comprised of the vertical, horizontal, and moment load applied on the center of the lid. The vertical and horizontal stiffness coefficients along the skirt of the suction caisson in clay are presented by three-dimensional elastic solutions considering the nonhomogeneous and nonlinear property of clay. The vertical, horizontal, and rocking stiffness coefficient of the suction caisson on the base are presented considering the solutions of a hollow rigid cylindrical punch acting on the surface of clay. The envelopes of the horizontal and vertical ultimate load capacity for clay are presented. The yield, pullout, and failure for clay are taken into consideration. The effects of load inclination, loading depth, and aspect ratio on the pullout load capacity are shown. Behavior of the suction caisson in clay up to failure is investigated using the relationship between tensile load and displacement and that between depth, vertical, and horizontal pressure.  相似文献   

Experimental studies on sand plug formation in suction caisson during extraction     

Yukun Zhang  Fuquan Chen 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(7):795-804

A series of model tests were conducted on Perspex-made suction caissons in saturated dense marine sand to study the sand plug formation during extraction. Suction caissons were extracted by pullout loading or by pumping air into the suction caisson. Effects of the pullout rates, aspect ratios and loading ways (monotonic or sustained) on the pullout capacity, and plug formation were investigated. It was found that the ultimate pullout capacity of the suction caisson increases with increasing the pullout rate. The sand plug formation under the pullout loading is significantly influenced by the pullout rate and the loading way. When the suction caisson is extracted at a relatively slow rate, the general sand boiling through the sand plug along the inner caisson wall occurs. On the contrary, the local sand boiling will occur at the bottom of the suction caisson subjected to a rapid monotonic loading or a sustained loading. Test results of the suction caisson extracted by pumping air into the caisson show that the pressure in the suction caisson almost follows a linear relationship with the upward displacement. The maximum pressures for suction caissons with aspect ratios of 1.0 and 2.0 during extraction by pumping air into the caisson are 1.70 and 2.27 times the maximum suction required to penetrate the suction caisson into sand. It was found that the sand plug moves downward during extraction by pumping air into the caisson and the variation in the sand plug height is mainly caused by the outflow of the sand particles from the inside of the suction caisson to the outside. When the suction caisson model is extracted under the pullout rate of 2?mm/s (0.28?mm/s for the prototype), the hydraulic gradient along the suction caisson wall increases to the maximum value with increasing the penetration depth and then reduces to zero. On the contrary, when extracted under the pullout rate of 10?mm/s (1.4?mm/s for the prototype), the hydraulic gradient along the suction caisson wall increases with increasing the pullout displacement. When extracted by pumping air into the caisson, the hydraulic gradient reaches the critical value, and at the same time, the seepage failure occurs around the suction caisson tip.  相似文献