Measurement of dissolved oxygen using optodes in a FerryBox system   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

D.J. Hydes  M.C. Hartman  J. Kaiser  J.M. Campbell 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,83(4):485-490

Optode sensors can provide detailed information on concentrations of dissolved oxygen, which in turn may be used to quantify variations in net primary productivity. Throughout 2005 and 2006 the performance of commercially available oxygen optodes was examined, one in each year. The optode was part of an autonomous measurement system (FerryBox) on a ferry operating between Portsmouth (UK) and Bilbao (Spain). On crossings during which water samples were collected manually, the optode outputs were compared to measurements of dissolved oxygen made by Winkler titrations. The optodes maintained good stability with no evidence of instrumental drift during the course of a year. Over the observed concentration range (230–330 mM m⁻³) the optode data were approximately 2% low in both years. By fitting the optode data to the Winkler data the median difference between the optode and Winkler measurements is reduced to less than 1 mM m⁻³ (0.3%) in both years. The most appropriate calibration factor for 2005 was corrected O₂ = Optode O₂ × 1.018 and for 2006 the corresponding equation is corrected O₂ = Optode O₂ × 0.884 + 36.8. The standard deviation (95%) of the difference between the individual Winkler measurements was 5 mM m⁻³ and 3 mM m⁻³ in 2005 and 2006 respectively.Calculation of the oxygen saturation anomaly is required for calculation of the air sea exchange of oxygen and net biological production. This calculation requires the use of both salinity and temperature data. Salinity is measured to better than 0.1 so the corresponding error in anomaly is less than 0.2 mM m⁻³. Distortion of the temperature data is present due to warming of the water pumped to the optode. In winter this warming at the optode may be as great as 0.4 °C. The difference in the pumped water temperature can be corrected for by reference to other measurements of sea surface temperature reducing the error to less than 1 mM m⁻³.  相似文献   

长江河口北槽弯道环流的涡度研究     

李为  时钟  浦祥  胡国栋 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(4):682-694

基于ADCP走航观测得到长江河口北槽弯道附近3个横向断面(AD3、AD5和AD6)的流速资料,采用涡度方法,本文计算、分析了弯道环流与混合在垂直横向上的时空分布、影响因素及其重要性。3个横向断面上均存在由不规则界面分开的二层结构的横向环流。半拉格朗日余流的计算结果显示:(1)小潮期间,AD3、AD5和AD6断面呈现表层向海、底层向陆的纵向环状半拉格朗日余流;大潮期间,呈现表、底层均向海的纵向半拉格朗日余流;(2)小潮期间,AD3断面呈现表层向北导堤、底层向南导堤的横向环状半拉格朗日余流;大潮期间,AD3断面中间区域呈现表层向北导堤、底层向南导堤的、而断面两端区域则呈现表层向南导堤、底层向北导堤的横向环状半拉格朗日余流;(3)小、大潮期间,横向断面AD5和AD6均呈现表层向北导堤、底层向南导堤的横向环状半拉格朗日余流;(4)"纵向半拉格朗日余流"在–0.2—0.7m/s;横向半拉格朗日余流"在–0.15—0.2m/s;(5)纵向半拉格朗日余流在横向上有明显变化。对弯道环流的进一步分析表明:(1)斜压梯度、内部摩擦致混合和底部摩擦致混合这三项各自的纵向分量是驱动纵向环流形成的主要因素,"纵向动量的横向重新分布项"次之,离心力和地转的影响可忽略;(2)横向斜压梯度和内部摩擦致混合项是驱动横向环流形成的主要因素,离心力、地转和底部摩擦致混合次之;(3)横向环流可能通过"纵向动量的横向重新分布项"减弱纵向动量,从而可能减弱纵向环流。  相似文献   

1998年夏、冬季南海的水团及其与太平洋的水交换   总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3  

李凤岐  李磊  王秀芹  刘长乐 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(3):329-336

根据 1998年夏季和冬季 2个航次的实测资料 ,对南海的水团进行划分和分析 ,并利用1997年 7月和 12月的实测资料 ,对巴士海峡 (吕宋海峡 )和民都洛水道附近的温盐分布进行分析。1998年冬季的资料分析结果表明 ,可将南海外海水划分为 6个水团 ,即南海表层水团 (S)、南海次表层水团 (U)、南海次 -中层混合水团 (UI)、南海中层水团 (I)、南海深层水团 (D)和南海底盆水(B)。 1998年夏季还可在南海中鉴别出黑潮表层水团 (KS)和黑潮次表层水团 (KU) ,但在冬季观测期间无黑潮水越过 119.5°E经线进入南海 ;夏季有苏禄海水在 5 0～ 75 m层经民都洛水道侵入南海。然而 ,1997年夏季和冬季的资料分析表明 :夏、冬两季都有大洋水通过吕宋海峡北段进入南海 ,南段有南海水流入太平洋。这些现象可能与 1998年前后的厄尔尼诺有关。  相似文献   

象山港航道冲淤变化初步分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

周鸿权  李伯根 《海洋通报》2007,26(4):34-41

利用象山港海湾不同年份的水深地形资料,运用GIS技术采用航道轴线剖面水深地形叠加对比和海床平面冲淤计算相结合的方法,应用以往水文泥沙等资料综合分析象山港航道区域的冲淤变化。结果表明40a来象山港航道区域总体冲淤基本平衡,大致以双德山附近海域为界,以东牛鼻山浅段和西屿山-双德山深段两区段以微淤为主,平均厚度分别为0.08~0.24m和0.51~0.58m,并具有缓慢淤积的趋势;以西的浅段和深段则以微冲为主,平均厚度为0.32~0.62m,并具有轻微冲刷的趋势。  相似文献   

Historical valley alluviation in mid-Wales     

J. Lewin  S. B. Bradley  M. G. Macklin 《Geological Journal》1983,18(4):331-350

Recent developments on a floodplain reach of the Afon Ystwyth are analysed with the aid of five sets of maps and ten of air photographs covering the period since 1800. The area has been subjected to around 3 m of aggradation and then incision in association with historic metal mining. Analysis of sediment texture and metal concentrations allows subdivision of the mining-associated sediments; C/M plots and shape analyses allow a distinction between proglacial, mining aggradation, and wandering river phases. The distinctive style of aggradation, involving overbank gravel splays and interfingering fines, and the lagged response of channel and sedimentation, relate largely to alterations in sediment supply rates. This has relevance for the interpretation of Quaternary fills and river terraces and for contemporary river management.  相似文献   

Lower delta plain interdistributary deposits — An example from the Westphalian of the Lancashire Coalfield,northwest England     

C. R. Fielding 《Geological Journal》1987,22(2):151-162

A large quarry at Billinge Beacon in Lancashire, northwest England, has provided an excellent exposure of part of the Lower Westphalian A (Upper Carboniferous) Coal Measures sequence which was deposited in a lower delta plain setting. The main horizon exposed, known as the Dyneley Knoll Flags, is interpreted as the proximal reaches of two crevasse-initiated minor delta complexes, into the lower of which has been incised a sinuous minor distributary channel. The channel, which was approximately 120 m wide, built a 160 m wide channel belt by limited lateral accretion with time; vertical accretion appears to have been the dominant infilling mechanism. This produced a stacked series of epsilon cross-strata, made up of rhythmically interbedded sandstone and silty claystone. The peculiar style of infilling of the channel is ascribed to deep incision of the channel into minor delta deposits, and possibly the influence of a seasonal climate.  相似文献