Probabilistic assessment of soil liquefaction considering spatial variability of CPT measurements     

Gökhan Saygili 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2017,11(2):197-207

The conventional liquefaction potential assessment methods (also known as simplified methods) profoundly rely on empirical correlations based on observations from case histories. A probabilistic framework is developed to incorporate uncertainties in the earthquake ground motion prediction, the cyclic resistance prediction, and the cyclic demand prediction. The results of a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment, site response analyses, and liquefaction potential analyses are convolved to derive a relationship for the annual probability and return period of liquefaction. The random field spatial model is employed to quantify the spatial uncertainty associated with the in-situ measurements of geotechnical material.  相似文献   

角度域剩余深度对剩余速度的敏感性分析          下载免费PDF全文

徐嘉亮  常旭  王一博 《地球物理学报》2015,58(8):2927-2934

本文针对地震勘探深度域偏移速度建模研究,利用角度域共成像点道集(ADCIGS)建立了以剩余速度为自变量,剩余深度为目标函数的关系式,及目标函数的梯度公式.利用导出的两个公式分别对剩余深度与剩余速度的关系进行了定量分析.通过理论分析和模型试算证明初始速度模型的误差具有方向敏感性,即正误差较负误差对速度建模迭代收敛更敏感.利用此结论进行深度域速度建模既可以提高计算效率也可以提高建模精度.  相似文献   

Aftershock seismic assessment taking into account postmainshock residual drifts          下载免费PDF全文

Jorge Ruiz‐García  Julio D. Aguilar 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(9):1391-1407

This paper introduces and evaluates a methodology for the aftershock seismic assessment of buildings taking explicitly into account residual drift demands after the mainshock (i.e., postmainshock residual interstory drifts, RIDR_o). The methodology is applied to a testbed four‐story steel moment‐resisting building designed with modern seismic design provisions when subjected to a set of near‐fault mainshock–aftershock seismic sequences that induce five levels of RIDR_o. Once the postmainshock residual drift is induced to the building model, a postmainshock incremental dynamic analysis is performed under each aftershock to obtain its collapse capacity and its capacity associated to demolition (i.e., the capacity to reach or exceed a 2% residual drift). The effect of additional sources of stiffness and strength (i.e., interior gravity frames and slab contribution) and the polarity of the aftershocks are examined in this study. Results of this investigation show that the collapse potential under aftershocks strongly depends on the modeling approach (i.e., the aftershock collapse potential is modified when additional sources of lateral stiffness and strength are included in the analytical model). Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the aftershock capacity associated to demolition (i.e., the aftershock collapse capacity associated to a residual interstory drift that leads to an imminent demolition) is lower than that of the aftershock collapse capacity, which mean that this parameter should be a better measure of the building residual capacity against aftershocks. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

2014年云南鲁甸地震和景谷地震的震害对比研究          下载免费PDF全文

洪海春  尤捷  陶小三  王恒知 《地震工程学报》2015,37(4):1013-1022

2014年8月3日云南鲁甸发生MS6.5地震,10月7日云南景谷发生MS6.6地震。这2次地震的震级、地震类型、震源深度等相差不大,但地震所造成的人员伤亡、房屋建筑损毁程度、地震地质灾害等却相差很大。在地震现场调查资料的基础上,对比分析地震造成的崩塌、滑坡、地裂缝、砂土液化、房屋建筑损毁等灾害轻重差别的主要原因。研究表明,鲁甸地震灾区地质构造复杂,地层破碎,人口密度大,房屋建筑抗震性能差;而景谷地震灾区地质环境较好,植被茂密,人口密度低,相比同量级地震的加速度小,房屋建筑结构抗震性能较好。总体而言,鲁甸MS6.5地震的震害比景谷MS6.6地震要严重得多。  相似文献   

波浪导致黄河口海床沉积物超孔压响应现场试验研究     

刘晓磊  贾永刚  郑杰文 《岩土力学》2015,36(11):3055-3062

黄河口海床特殊的工程地质性质与复杂的工程动力稳定性问题,均与海床沉积物在波浪荷载作用下的孔压动力响应密切相关。在现代黄河水下三角洲潮间带岸滩选择4个典型研究点,现场模拟波浪作用对原状海床沉积物实施循环加载,利用孔隙水压力观测、沉积物强度测试、样品采集与实验室土工测试等方法手段,测定黄河口原状海床沉积物在循环荷载作用不同阶段的孔压响应与强度变化。研究发现,黄河口原状海床沉积物在经历循环加载过程中,典型的超孔压响应可分为逐渐累积、部分消散、快速累积、累积液化和完全消散5个阶段,分别对应沉积物强度的衰减、增大、衰减、丧失和恢复过程,沉积物的粒度组成与结构性强弱决定了超孔压的具体响应模式。波浪导致原状海床液化深度受沉积物的干密度、孔隙比、饱和度等初始物理性质影响显著,细颗粒组分的相对含量高低也在很大程度上控制着沉积物的液化特性。  相似文献   

近海欠密实砂质海床内波致渐进液化特征研究     

王良民  叶剑红  朱长歧 《岩土力学》2015,36(12):3583-3588

利用一个经过广泛验证的数值模型FSSI-CAS 2D为计算工具,采用砂土的高级本构模型Pastor-Zienkiewicz-Mark III (PZIII) 描述海床砂土的动态力学行为,定量研究松散海床地基土在波浪作用下,其内部的液化过程和特征,以加深对波致海床液化特征、性质的认识。计算结果分析表明,开发的耦合数值模型FSSI-CAS 2D能够很好地捕捉到波浪作用下欠密实海床的动力响应特征,以及海床内的累积液化过程等一些列的非线性物理现象。研究表明,波浪导致的松砂海床液化是一个渐进过程,海床表面首先液化,并逐渐向下扩展。  相似文献   

Effect of seismic sequences in reinforced concrete frame buildings located in soft-soil sites     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

On September 19 and 20, 1985, two strong subduction interface earthquakes struck Mexico City leading to a large stock of damaged, or even collapsed, reinforced concrete (RC) building structures located in soft soil sites of the former lake-bed zone. The aim of this study is to gain further understanding on the effects of soft-soil seismic sequences on the seismic response of RC framed-buildings. This investigation employed artificial sequences since only two real sequences were gathered during the 1985 earthquakes. The nonlinear response, in terms of peak and residual lateral inter-story drift demands of four RC buildings having 4, 8, 12, and 16 stories, was evaluated. Results show that the relationship of the damaged period of the building (i.e. period of the building after the mainshock) to the predominant period of the aftershock, which is a measure of its frequency content, has a significant impact in the building response.  相似文献   

Structure of residual oil as a function of wettability using pore-network modelling     

《Advances in water resources》2014

In the water flooding of mixed-wet porous media, oil may drain down to relatively low residual oil saturations (S_or). Various studies have indicated that such low saturations can only be reached when oil layers in pore corners are included in the pore-scale modelling. These processes within a macroscopic porous medium can be modelled at the pore-scale by incorporating the fundamental physics of capillary dominated displacement within idealised pore network models. Recently, the authors have developed thermodynamic criteria for oil layer existence in pores with non-uniform wettability which takes as input geometrically and topologically representative networks, to calculate realistic S_or values for mixed-wet and oil-wet sandstones [16, 21]. This previous work is developed in this paper to include (i) the visualisation of the 3D structure of this residual oil, and (ii) a statistical analysis of this “residual/remaining” oil. Both the visualisation and the statistical analysis are done under a wide range of wettability conditions, which is reported for the first time in this paper.The structure of residual oil for strongly water wet systems is well known (where residual = remaining oil) and our model agrees with this but this structure changes radically for mixed wet systems (where residual ≠ remaining) and this has not yet been visualised experimentally. We find that for more water-wet systems high final residual oil saturations are reached at relatively small amounts of water injected and this oil is present in the pores as bulk oil. On the other hand, for more oil-wet systems we find a slow decrease of the amount of remaining oil with increasing amounts of injected water. During the process, the remaining connectivity of the oil phase is increasingly provided by oil layers only, hence the slow drainage. The final residual oil saturation, only reached in the theoretical limit of an infinite amount of injected water, is almost entirely contained in large number of (relatively low volume) oil layers, which are present in pores of most radius sizes.  相似文献   

石碑塬滑坡黄土液化特征及其影响因素研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张晓超  黄润秋  许模  裴向军  韩祥森  宋丽娟  张帆宇 《岩土力学》2014,35(3):801-810

石碑塬滑坡是1920年海原地震触发的大型黄土流滑,认识其破坏特征与发生机制对于黄土边坡长距离液化失稳机制的研究非常重要。对石碑塬黄土滑坡的调查和研究表明,饱和黄土或高含水率黄土具有很高的液化势和流态破坏势,在强震作用下,饱和黄土易发生液化或流滑。对石碑塬滑坡的7组原状黄土样品进行振动三轴剪切试验,并结合其微观特征分析,探讨了循环振动荷载作用下的饱和黄土孔隙水压力-应变增长模型,分析了振动液化过程中液化应力比与黄土粒度组成、土体微观结构参数及饱和度之间的关系。结果表明：黏粒含量越低,振动作用下饱和黄土孔隙水压力响应越快,液化应力比越低;黄土孔隙比越大,孔隙结构分形维数越大,液化应力比越低,振动液化后黄土孔隙分形维数降低,结构较液化之前更为致密;饱和度对黄土粒间胶结物质的赋存状态及黄土结构强度影响很大,同一土体饱和度越高,溶滤于孔隙水中的离子浓度越高,土体粒间接触点（或胶结点）越容易发生断裂,使得黄土结构强度降低,液化应力比降低。  相似文献   

循环荷载下复合筒型基础地基孔隙水压力变化及液化分析     

于通顺  王海军 《岩土力学》2014,35(3):820-826

复合筒型基础是一种新型的宽浅式基础型式。在风、波浪、海流等动力荷载的作用下,复合筒型基础内外地基孔隙水压力的变化对结构安全产生影响。模拟了复合筒型基础受到的风浪流荷载,并将风浪流荷载合理叠加,采用三维有限元方法分析了风浪流联合作用下复合筒型基础地基动力响应规律。同时对复合筒型基础内外地基孔隙水压力的变化规律及液化范围进行了系统分析,通过分析发现：复合筒型基础附近海床液化深度随着饱和度、渗透系数、波浪周期、水深的增大而增大,随着泊松比的增大而减小。  相似文献