海洋运输网络研究进展与趋势探讨     

方志祥  余红楚  黄守倩 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(5):554-563

随着经济全球一体化快速发展,国际海运贸易的规模不断扩大,全球海运网络研究成为当前的研究热点领域。该研究是海洋运输、地理信息科学、数学物理、统计科学、复杂网络科学、大数据科学、计算机科学等多学科交叉领域共同关注的研究主题,对国家宏观战略与政策制定具有重要作用。本文总结了海运网络研究数据基础、理论模型和研究方法,包括数学物理统计理论方法,基于复杂网络的分析方法、数据挖掘理论方法等,然后从海运网络运输模式设计与优化,网络结构静动态特征,网络结构和交通流演化机制等角度总结海运网络的研究进展、分析所存在的问题,提出海运网络研究在跨学科跨领域研究方法的交叉、多源异构数据融合分析、理论与实际应用结合等方面的未来研究趋势。  相似文献   

上海外高桥港区停泊船聚类分析与异常检测     

郑海林  胡勤友  杨春  陈金海  梅强 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(5):640-646

停泊船空间分布规律挖掘,在海事监管、港口管理和航运公司船队管理方面有着重要意义。现有研究主要针对船舶停泊点进行空间聚类以识别码头和锚地,缺乏对码头、锚地内船舶停泊特征分析,及码头和锚地外的异常停船的检测。因此,利用海量船舶自动识别系统（AIS）数据探索船舶停泊规律显得很有必要,且具备可行性。根据海况设定停泊速度阈值和停泊位置变化量阈值,建立停船判定模型。按港区、船型筛选,获取2016年1至11月外高桥港区集装箱船停泊记录。根据类中心点密度和聚类数量,设定邻域半径（ε）和邻域密度（MinPts）,采用密度聚类（DBSCAN）算法对船舶停泊点进行密度聚类,并将聚类结果与外高桥港区码头、锚地分布图进行比较,生成可疑停船列表。对比船舶历史轨迹,明确可疑停船列表中船舶真实停泊记录,筛选出异常停船。研究发现,2016年1至11月外高桥港区船舶异常停泊点位于圆圆沙锚地至吴淞口锚地间的南港水道和江亚南沙锚地附近的南港水道航段。船舶停泊前、后位置变化幅度小,而速度变化幅度大,推测船舶突发故障是其异常停泊的原因。海事主管部门（MSA）可根据船舶水上移动通信业务识别码（MMSI）快速锁定航运公司,加强岸上船舶安全管理。船舶停泊位置和时间能够记录船舶发生故障地点及其持续时间,为船队管理提供重要依据。  相似文献   

基于Ecopath模型的孟加拉国孟加拉湾海域营养结构和能量流动分析     

Karim Ehsanul  刘群  薛莹  Hasan Shanur Jahedul  Hoq M Enamul  Mahmud Yahia 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(10):27-42

依据现有研究提供的信息，在孟加拉国孟加拉湾（BoB）新划定的超过90 000 km²的海域基于Ecopath方法利用2016年7月至2017年6月的数据构建了该生态系统的营养通道模型。对食物网中营养级从1（主要生产者和碎屑）到3.45（鲨鱼）的各功能群之间的营养相互作用进行评估，所研究的共19个功能群被认为代表了其中所有的营养级。大多数消费者的生态营养转换效率（EE）超过0.80；表明这是一个被高度利用的生态系统，并且从低营养级到高营养级有较高的能量转换效率。此外，整个生态系统的净效率（0.0018）和能量转换效率（11.12%）标志着当前这一"正在发展中的生态系统"已趋向成熟。生态系统的冗余度（64.6）和聚合度（35.4）也表明了这一生态系统的稳定性。因此，本研究认为这一海域具有显著的后备力量面对压力情况并有能力快速恢复到初始状态。  相似文献   

A ferry making waves: A demonstration project ‘doing’ institutional work in a greening maritime industry     

Svein Gunnar Sjøtun 《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2019,73(1):16-28

ABSTRACT

The objective of the article is to show how the demonstration project and battery ferry Ampere has contributed to a greening of public ferry procurement in Norway. Building on theories on demonstration projects in transition studies and institutional work, the author argues for a more integrated focus than hitherto on the dynamic interplay of materiality, organization, and discourse in demonstration projects, and how the agency of actor networks and the materiality connected to demonstration projects can affect institutional change accompanying transition processes. This is done by conceptualizing Ampere as a ‘performing project’: a complex of discursive and organizational strategies of framing and lobbying deployed by the actor networks connected to it and its materiality. Methodically, the author draws on semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The results suggest that Ampere’s ‘performance’ has contributed to changes in national and regional ferry procurement practices and been vital for an emerging maritime battery niche.  相似文献   

Geodetic Datum of Indonesian Maritime Boundaries: Status and Problems     

Hasanuddin Z. Abidin  S. Sutisna  T. Padmasari  K. J. Villanueva  J. Kahar 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(4):291-304

Indonesia has maritime boundaries with 10 countries namely: Australia, Timor Leste, Papua New Guinea (PNG), Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and India. Many treaties have been ratified concerning these boundaries. Unfortunately, many coordinates of boundary points mentioned in the treaties are not clear in relation to their geodetic datum. The uncertainty in geodetic datum of boundary points introduces complications and problems in spatial management of Indonesia's maritime boundaries, since it can displace the boundary lines from their assumed true location. This study investigates the possible original geodetic datums for the maritime boundaries between Indonesia and neighboring countries, in the case they are not explicitly stated in the treaties. The displacements of boundaries in WGS84 datum are generally in the order of a few hundred meters, i.e., about 200 to 400 m, depending on the assumed original geodetic datum being considered. These boundary displacements are spatially advantageous for Indonesia in some cases and also disadvantageous in others. The study will sum up with some conclusions and recommendations.  相似文献   

国际海洋边界划定与目前状况          下载免费PDF全文

李令华 《海洋开发与管理》1995,12(4):52-56

本文简要描述了国际海洋边界划定与目前状况，其内容包括海洋边界划定，边界划定与海洋法，世界海洋区域及美国、俄罗斯划界概况和专属经济区与大陆架等问题。文章呼呈我国应加速海洋立法过程，尽快划出专属经济区与大陆架边界。  相似文献   

A Review of “The Future of Intermodal Freight Transport: Operations,Design, and Policy”     

Andrew R. Goetz 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(2):298-300

This article analyzes the interrelationship among resource consumption, sociospatial justice, and what is popularly known as global warming by interrogating the ecological footprint of professional geographers, especially in terms of their conference-going involving air travel. In this spirit, the article introduces and employs the concepts of ecological privilege (as well as its inextricably related antithesis, ecological disadvantage) and dys-ecologism as a way to understand the roots and implications of professional geographers’ fossil fuel use and those of globally advantaged classes more broadly. To illustrate this, the article measures the flight-related ecological footprint of the 2011 annual meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG) in Seattle, Washington. In doing so, the article examines how professional geographers, in the form of the AAG, have responded to their travel-related ecological footprint. It thus highlights the importance of scrutinizing the complex and dynamic interrelationships among consumption; associated socioecological benefits and detriments and their systemic manifestations; and hierarchy-related and power-infused categories of race, class, and nation—and their spatialities.  相似文献   

All-Sky Surface Radiation and Clear-Sky Surface Energy Budgets: Summer to Freeze-Up in the Western Maritime Arctic     

R. L. Raddatz  T. Papakyriakou  R. J. Galley  M. G. Asplin  L. M. Candlish  B. Else 《大气与海洋》2013,51(5):489-504

The 2009 ArcticNet expedition was a field campaign in the Amundsen Gulf–eastern Beaufort Sea region from mid-July to the beginning of November aboard the CCGS Amundsen that provided an opportunity to describe the all-sky surface radiation and the clear-sky surface energy budgets from summer to freeze-up in the data sparse western maritime Arctic. Because the fractional area of open water was generally larger than the fractional area of ice floes, the net radiation at the water surface controlled the radiation budget. Because the water albedo is much less than the albedo of the ice floes, the extent and duration of open water in summer is an important albedo feedback mechanism. From summer to freeze-up, the net all-sky shortwave radiation declined steadily as the solar angle lowered, while coincidently the net all-sky longwave radiation became increasingly negative. The all-sky net surface radiation switched from positive in summer to negative during the freeze-up period. From summer to freeze-up, both upward and downward turbulent heat fluxes occurred. In summer, a positive surface energy budget residual contributed to the melting of ice floes and/or to the warming of the Arctic Ocean's mixed layer. During the freeze-up period, with temperatures below approximately ?5°C, the residuals were mainly negative suggesting that heat loss from the ocean's mixed layer and heat released by the phase change of water were significant components of the energy budget's residual.  相似文献   

南海渔业资源开发利用的时空特征及其治理     

赵欣 《世界地理研究》2022,31(4):762-772

南海渔业开发为维护我国渔业利益和海洋权益发挥了重大作用,近年来急速衰退的渔业资源和不断升温的冲突态势亟须寻找治理革新的突破口。基于此,首先从南海渔业资源环境特点、南海渔业资源开发利用历史沿革与现状,辨析南海渔业时空格局,指出南海渔业资源环境具有跨越国家界线的互通性、整体性与相互依赖性,且周边国家和地区对南海渔业高度依赖,并已经造成资源环境严重衰退。其次通过对南海渔业冲突和南海渔业资源治理所面临的挑战的梳理,指出引发南海渔业冲突的条件今后很可能更加普遍,亟需南海各方共同面对渔业可持续性危机,而南海地区面临的渔业资源环境退化、系统认知不足、区域协作有限等共性挑战与利益诉求,可成为促进区域合作的纽带。最后以区域渔业资源治理为抓手,提出了构建南海命运共同体的建设思路：从推动绿色水产养殖、增强资源环境修复、深化科研共享等方面开展务实的渔业资源治理合作;在区域、国家、地方层面完善跨尺度的海洋治理措施落实体系,协同提升国家层面的顶层涉海涉渔政策设计,强化地方、私营部门和公民个人在南海区域共建中的作用;从建立健全区域组织和完善区域海洋法制推动构建区域层面合作治理体系。  相似文献   

对建设海洋区域文化的一点思考     

许维安 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(5):34-37

在发展海洋区域经济的大潮中 ,要高度重视海洋区域文化的建设。建设海洋区域文化 ,要突出海洋区域文化的特色 ;同时 ,要处理好人类整体文化与海洋区域文化之间的关系、中国传统文化与海洋区域文化之间的关系、各种海洋区域文化之间的关系  相似文献