Combating Desertification and Improving Local Livelihoods through the GGWI in the Sahel Region: The Example of Senegal     

Salif Diop  Aliou Guisse  Claude Sene  Birane Cisse  Ndeye Rokhaya Diop  Sokhna Di  Ka  Amady Gnagna Cisse  Saly Sambou  Ousmane Ndiaye  Adand  Belarmain Fandohan  FU Chao  WANG Guoqin  WANG Yongdong 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(3):257-265

The Great Green Wall Initiative (GGWI) has an overall objective of fighting desert encroachment through proven practices of sustainable management of land, and the reinforcement and protection of natural resources and systems of production and transformation, while also ensuring socio-economic development of local communities through multi-purpose activity platforms. The activities described in the present study are designed to accomplish several goals: (1) generate wealth, (2) strengthen access to basic social services, (3) manage the transition to a green economy as a means of creating suitable conditions for the emergence of rural production centers, (4) integrate sustainable development in order to eradicate poverty and food insecurity, and (5) strengthen adaptation and resilience capacities of local populations. The present study was undertaken on the basis of a wide variety of available publications and documentation, including articles and scientific papers, thesis, meeting summaries and reports, concerning the implementation of the Great Green Wall Initiative/GGWI in Senegal.  相似文献   

高脂饮食大鼠肾脏HMGCS2表达及调控研究     

廖丹  章小艳  童晓清  斯彩娟  余小龙  束龙  张伦  王卫光  高蔚  郑培奋 《寒旱区科学》2017,9(5):66-69

目的 探讨高脂饮食大鼠肾脏3-羟基-3甲基戊二酰辅酶A合成酶2（HMGCS2）表达及可能调控机制。方法 断乳Wistar 雄性大鼠27只分为3组：正常对照组（CON）、高脂组（HFG）、绿茶多酚（green tea polyphenols,GTPs）组（G）。CON组大鼠喂养普通饲料,HFG组及GTPs组给予高脂饲料,GTPs组同时自由摄食绿茶多酚浓度为1.6g/L水溶液。26周后测定空腹血糖（FPG）、血清胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。免疫印迹法测定肾脏HMGCS2和Sirt3蛋白表达水平。结果 与CON组比较,HFG组大鼠体重和脂肪系数升高,血清FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDLC均升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与HFG组比较,GTPs降低大鼠体重和脂肪系数,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,GTPs组血清FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDLC均不同程度降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与CON组比较,肾脏组织HMGCS2的表达降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与HFG组比较,GTPs组增加肾脏HMGCS2的表达,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高脂饮食、正常饮食和GTPs干预后,大鼠肾脏组织Sirt3蛋白表达差异无统计学意义。结论 高脂饮食可降低肾脏组织HMGCS2表达,绿茶多酚可逆转此效应;高脂饮食及绿茶多酚对肾脏组织HMGCS2表达的调控不经Sirt3途径。  相似文献   

2005—2018年北京市外来人口迁移特征与影响因素分析     

赵迪  陈鹏  李海成  苗红斌 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(4):698-710

外来人口是大型或超大型城市人口结构的重要组成部分,研究特定城市外来人口的迁移特征及其影响因素不仅有助于从迁入地视角发现以特定城市为目标的人口迁移规律,对新城镇化背景下的城市化建设与发展也具有重要的现实意义。本文以北京市为例,通过收集2005—2018年的公安机关外来人口登记数据,对外来人口在不同年份的市级迁出地空间分布格局进行了研究,并利用空间回归模型对人口迁移的影响因素进行了分析,得到如下发现：① 北京市外来人口的迁出地在市级尺度下表现出明显的空间聚集效应,且聚集效应逐年增强;外来人口迁出地空间分布基本稳定,热点迁出地分布主要集中在河北-天津和河南省南部-湖北省北部2个主要聚集簇中;② 影响人口向北京迁移的主要变量为各迁出地的人口规模、交通时间、人均收入、高等教育水平、人口密度等,其中人口规模和人均收入对人口迁移的影响较为稳定,而高等教育水平和人口密度的影响分别从2010年和2014年后才开始显现,交通时间对人口迁移的障碍性作用虽然有所下降,但对人口迁移的影响变化不大;③ 空间误差项持续显著,表明迁出地的人口迁出量可能受相邻地市的社会文化等其他变量的影响。  相似文献   

遥感技术在山区土地荒漠化评价中的应用--以东川市为例   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

范建容  刘淑珍 《山地学报》1999,17(1):40-44

通过遥感数字图像统计分析与处理,确定了分类图,沟谷图,绿度指数图是评价山区土地荒漠化的有效图象,进行了沟谷指标,绿度指数分级,肯定了遥感技术应用于山区土地荒漠化评价的可能性。  相似文献   

Significant load and green water on deck of offshore units/vessels     

B. Hamoudi  K.S. Varyani 《Ocean Engineering》1998,25(8):715-731

In this paper the probability of green water occurrence is investigated by taking into account the threshold of the vertical relative motion exceeding the freeboard. The number of wetting of the unit/vessel is predicted using probabilistic method. This paper compares the significant load, due to shipping of green water with the works of other researchers, and the loads are found to be close with the results presented in this paper. There is no direct relation between the velocities in the waves and the water velocity over the deck. The water velocities around the bow are heavily distributed by the presence of the bow. This scenario makes the flow very complex for schematic modelling.  相似文献   

Retrievals of rain-rate over oceans from ssm/ i data using som model     

Bian Jianchun  Chen Hongbin  Sun Haibing  Yang Peicai  Lu Daren  Zhou Xiuji 《大气科学进展》1999,16(3):355-360

1.IntroductionOverthepasttwentyyears,anumberoftheoreticalandexperimentalworkhasbeencarriedoutontheretrievalsofrain--ratefromthespace--bornemicrowaveradiometers.Inrecentyears,manyalgorithmshavebeendevelopedtoretrieverain--ratefromtheSSM/Idata(Barrettetal.,1994;Ebertetal.,1996;Ferraroetal.,1995andsoon).However,becauseofthecomplicatednonlinearrelationshipbetweenbrightnesstemperatures(BTs)andrain--ratewhichiscausedbyvariousphysicalprocesses,theretrievalresultsbystatisticallychasedalgorithmsare…  相似文献   

Adsorption of Au(III) and Au(I) complexes on δ-MnO2     

Yong Ran  Jiamo Fu  R. J. Gilkes  R. W. Rate 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1999,42(2):172-181

The sorption of AuCl₄ ⁻,AuCl₂ ⁻ and Au(S₂O₃)^3- on δ-MnO₂ was investigated at pH2–11.6, 0.01 mol/L and 0.1 mol/L NaNO₃ solutions. At pH 4 in two electrolyte strength solutions, Au sorption densities on δ-MnO₂ are 0.18–0.21 and 0.28μmoL/m² for AuCl₄ ⁻ and Au(S₂O₃)₂ ^3-, respectively, and the Au surface coverage is approximate to or lower than 1%. This adsorption of the two Au complexes decreases as the solution pH increases, which conforms to the sorption regularity of the anion on δ-MnO₂. The Au sorption decreases in the sequence of Au(S₂O₃)₂ ^3- >AuCl₄ ⁻ >AuC1₂ ⁻. The intrinsic equilibrium constants (logK ^int) of the three Au complexes are 1.17–2.7, much higher than those of Cu and Cd. The hydrolysis products of AuCl₄ ^- are preferentially adsorbed by δ-MnO₂ and the inner-sphere Au-surface complexes are formed on the surface. Project supported by the National Studying-abroad Foundation, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49573200) and the Australian Mining Industry.  相似文献   

环境规制对海洋经济绿色全要素生产率的影响          下载免费PDF全文

张慧敏  李京梅 《海洋开发与管理》2023,40(1):104-112

文章基于2006—2018年中国11个沿海省(自治区、直辖市)的数据,综合政府主导与市场激励型环境规制,利用熵权法得到海洋环境规制强度;结合SBM模型和Malmquist-Luenberger指数,测度了沿海省(自治区、直辖市)海洋经济绿色全要素生产率;在此基础上实证分析环境规制对海洋经济绿色全要素生产率的影响,并对技术创新的中介效应进行检验。结果表明：环境规制能够促进海洋经济绿色全要素生产率的增长,但在长江流域以南、长江流域以北沿海地区之间存在异质性;环境规制通过影响海洋科技创新投入和产出,可以影响海洋经济绿色全要素生产率。并从深化环境规制改革和强化技术创新两方面提出促进海洋经济绿色发展的政策建议。  相似文献   

Hydroxytyrosol Recovery From Olive Mill Wastewater: Process Optimization and Development of a Pilot Plant     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(4)

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The effects of initial soil moisture conditions on swale flow hydrographs          下载免费PDF全文

Hendrik Rujner  Günther Leonhardt  Jiri Marsalek  Anna‐Maria Perttu  Maria Viklander 《水文研究》2018,32(5):644-654

The effects of soil water content (SWC) on the formation of run‐off in grass swales draining into a storm sewer system were studied in two 30‐m test swales with trapezoidal cross sections. Swale 1 was built in a loamy fine‐sand soil, on a slope of 1.5%, and Swale 2 was built in a sandy loam soil, on a slope of 0.7%. In experimental runs, the swales were irrigated with 2 flow rates reproducing run‐off from block rainfalls with intensities approximately corresponding to 2‐month and 3‐year events. Run‐off experiments were conducted for initial SWC (SWC_ini) ranging from 0.18 to 0.43 m³/m³. For low SWC_ini, the run‐off volume was greatly reduced by up to 82%, but at high SWC_ini, the volume reduction was as low as 15%. The relative swale flow volume reductions decreased with increasing SWC_ini and, for the conditions studied, indicated a transition of the dominating swale functions from run‐off dissipation to conveyance. Run‐off flow peaks were reduced proportionally to the flow volume reductions, in the range from 4% to 55%. The swale outflow hydrograph lag times varied from 5 to 15 min, with the high values corresponding to low SWC_ini. Analysis of swale inflow/outflow hydrographs for high SWC_ini allowed estimations of the saturated hydraulic conductivities as 3.27 and 4.84 cm/hr in Swales 1 and 2, respectively. Such estimates differed from averages (N = 9) of double‐ring infiltrometer measurements (9.41 and 1.78 cm/hr). Irregularities in swale bottom slopes created bottom surface depression storage of 0.35 and 0.61 m³ for Swales 1 and 2, respectively, and functioned similarly as check berms contributing to run‐off attenuation. The experimental findings offer implications for drainage swale planning and design: (a) SWC_ini strongly affect swale functioning in run‐off dissipation and conveyance during the early phase of run‐off, which is particularly important for design storms and their antecedent moisture conditions, and (b) concerning the longevity of swale operation, Swale 1 remains fully functional even after almost 60 years of operation, as judged from its attractive appearance, good infiltration rates (3.27 cm/hr), and high flow capacity.  相似文献