A Simplified Analytical Procedure for the Determination of Organically Bound Halogens in Salt‐containing Water Samples     

Helko Borsdorf  Petra Fiedler  Dorit Wilke  Holger Weiß 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2003,31(1):19-24

A method was developed for the determination of organic halogens in water samples with the aim of minimizing matrix effects and simplifying the sample preparation technique commonly used. The method is based on the adsorption of organic halogens in modified hydrophilic divinylbenzene polymer columns and their elution with methanol. The adsorbent used enables rapid adsorption and desorption due to comparatively high operating flow rates and minimized solvent amounts. Furthermore, no additional reconcentration steps are needed. The methanol extract obtained is combusted with a standard EOX (extractable organic halogen) analyzer and the concentration of organically bound halogens is determined by microcoulometric analysis. The matrix effects are considerably reduced compared to the standard procedure (EN 1485) commonly used. A detection limit of 13 μg/L was established.  相似文献   

中国侏罗系煤成油若干问题   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

胡社荣  方家虎 《地质论评》1997,43(2):155-161

在阐述了煤成油的概念，总结和评述了煤生油显微组分，生油门限，生油范围和生油高峰等问题后，本文通过吐哈等盆地侏罗系煤生油显微组分组成特征，可溶有机质演化，成熟度和有机质丰度，油源及原油成熟度对比；含煤岩系中煤层和泥岩的厚度及总量和煤及泥岩最高沥青和总烃转化率的对比； 其族组成和煤成原油的族组成特征的对比，提出了中国侏罗系煤成油盆地中泥岩比煤层对煤成油田形成有大的贡献看法。  相似文献   

应力调制在辽宁地区地震预报中的应用     

曹凤娟  张颖 《东北地震研究》2004,20(2):21-26

应用应力调制图像法对辽宁地区1970年以来的21次ML≥5．0地震进行了检验。结果显示，有18次地震的震前出现了S值异常单元，虚报地震11次，漏报3次，R值评分0．58。  相似文献   

Structural properties of (Mn1-x Fe x )Nb2O6 columbites from X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy     

S. C. Tarantino  M. Zema  F. Maglia  M. C. Domeneghetti  M. A. Carpenter 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2005,32(8-9):568-577

A suite of (Mn_1-x Fe _x )Nb₂O₆ (x=0, 0.05, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1) columbite samples has been prepared by solid-state reaction from oxides. X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic investigations have been carried out in order to gain different perspectives on how the solid solution adapts at different length scales to cation mixing. X-ray powder diffraction and powder absorption IR spectroscopy data are presented. The powder diffraction data show that there is no significant excess volume of mixing on the Fe–Mn columbite join. All the unit-cell parameters decrease linearly as a function of increasing Fe content. Substitution of Fe²⁺ for the larger Mn²⁺ cation causes a decrease in the volume of the A polyhedron, which also becomes more regular with respect to both bond-length and edge-length distortion parameters. No significant variation of the B site has been observed. Wavenumber shifts of the IR peaks nearly all vary linearly with composition, consistent with linear variations of the lattice parameters. Line broadening has been quantified by autocorrelation analysis of the IR spectra. This is interpreted as suggesting that there is some element of local strain or positional disorder at the length scale of second or third nearest neighbours around sites occupied by Fe.  相似文献   

固体潮观测数据预处理中的一些常用方法及其计算机实现     

熊先保 《福建地震》2005,(Z1)

试图从台站产出的原始地形变前兆数据出发,提出一些实际操作性较强的预处理方法,从已编制好的软件中给出处理实例,从而达到提高台站观测人员的科研能力,填补资料预处理方面的某些空白的目的,这对于台站人员集观测、科研于一体有着十分重要的意义。从95-01-02项目厦门地震台前兆数据预处理的实践表明:这些方法取得了明显的实效,直到今天仍然具有很大的使用价值。  相似文献   

Phenanthrene biomarkers in the organic matter of Precambrian and Phanerozoic deposits and in the oils of the Siberian Platform     

V.A. Kashirtsev  T.M. Parfenova  A.K. Golovko  B.L. Nikitenko  I.N. Zueva  O.N. Chalaya 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(10):1380-1388

The composition and distribution of phenanthrenes (polyaromatic compounds) have been studied in chloroform extracts from dispersed organic matter (OM) of clayey, siliceous, carbonate, and terrigenous rocks of different ages and facies and from some oils of the Siberian Platform. Phenanthrenes have been analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. High contents of 1,7,8-trimethylphenanthrene and 1,1,7,8-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene are present in the OM of Vendian and Cambrian carbonate-shale deposits and in ancient oils of the Nepa-Botuobiya and Anabar anteclises. The OM of Permian continental deposits and oils of the Vilyui syneclise is dominated by 1-methyl-7-isopropylphenanthrene (retene). A triangular diagram for identification of the types of original OM of rocks and classification of genetically related oils has been constructed based on the assessment of phenanthrene biomarker distribution. Putative pathways of the formation of phenanthrene biomarkers are discussed.  相似文献   

黄骅坳陷古生界潜山储层沥青成因判识     

王鑫  周立宏  金凤鸣  付立新  楼达 《地质论评》2021,67(Z1):67z1123-67z1124

正黄骅坳陷古生界潜山是大港油田重要的油气勘探领域,近年来,先后在王官屯、乌马营潜山古生界发现油气流,且均为石炭—二叠系煤系源岩供烃成藏,如王官屯潜山王古1井二叠系石盒子组发现天然气,同位素特征判断为煤成天然气。这些发现拓展了古生界潜山的勘探领域,表明了石炭—二叠系煤系烃源岩的油气充注范围不仅仅局限于奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层,石炭—二叠系的碎屑岩储层也可以充注成藏,证实了古生界潜山具有更大的油气勘探价值。随着勘探进程与理论认识的不断深化,  相似文献   

Household dependence on solid cooking fuels in Peru: An analysis of environmental and socioeconomic conditions     

《Global Environmental Change》2019

Solid fuel use is linked with adverse effects on the environment and human health. Yet, solid fuels remain an important energy source for households in developing countries. Even when country-level dependence on solid fuels is modest, there is often significant variation in within-country patterns of solid fuel use. This study examines a range of environmental and socioeconomic conditions to understand the relationship between them and household energy use within a country. While our results are derived from a study of regional patterns of solid fuel dependence in Peru, the contribution of this study is broad: variables that we include in our models of households’ fuel choice decisions are likely to shape such decisions in most developing countries. Our findings indicate that environmental conditions, such as elevation and forest cover, are associated with solid fuel use. Socioeconomic factors, including urbanization, poverty and female literacy, are similarly important. In addition, we identify nuanced links between types of female employment and indigenous population, on the one hand, and solid fuel use, on the other.  相似文献   

滇黔交界地区峨眉山玄武岩铜矿化蚀变特征   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

李厚民  毛景文  徐章宝  陈毓川  张长青  许虹 《地球学报》2004,25(5):495-502

滇黔交界地区蛾眉山玄武岩铜矿化具层控特征,主要发育于上二叠统蛾眉山玄武岩组第四岩性段下部。矿化主岩为玄武岩流顶部的淬碎玄武质角砾岩和玄武岩流之间的含炭沉积岩;矿石矿物主要为自然铜及其表生氧化产物黑铜矿、赤铜矿、孔雀石等;脉石矿物主要有沥青、炭质物、石英、沸石、方解石、绿帘石等,此外还有少量绿泥石、钠长石、铁阳起石、榍石、辉铜矿、硅孔雀石、铜蓝、褐铁矿等。以玄武岩为主岩的铜矿石典型矿物组合为自然铜 沥青 石英及不含沥青等有机质的自然铜 石英 绿帘石,以含炭沉积岩为主岩的铜矿石典型矿物组合为自然铜 炭质物 沸石 石英( 辉铜矿);原生铜矿化有2个期次：早期铜矿化发生于有机质流体贯人之前,晚期铜矿化发生于有机质流体贯人之后。该类铜矿化的同生火山热液特征不明显,以后生热液矿化为主。淬碎玄武质角砾岩不仅是有机流体的良好储层,也为成矿流体提供了就位空间,是铜矿化层控特征的主要控制因素。有机流体及含碳沉积岩中碳质为成矿物质以自然铜形式沉淀提供了还原条件。  相似文献   

A new method for the quantification of different redox-species of molybdenum (V and VI) in seawater   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Deli Wang  Robert C. Aller  Sergio A. Saudo-Wilhelmy 《Marine Chemistry》2009,113(3-4):250-256

A new method for the direct determination of reduced and oxidized Mo species (Mo (V) and Mo (VI)) in seawater was developed and used for the first time. The method includes the complexation of Mo (V) with tartrate, solid phase extraction of the Mo (V)–tartrate complex by a XAD 7HP resin, followed by elution with acidic acetone. In this study, the eluted Mo (V) was quantified by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The detection limit of this protocol was on the order of 0.2 nM. The analytical precision was 10% of ~ 10 nM. This method was successfully applied to the determination of Mo (V) and Mo (VI) in surface and bottom waters at the head of Peconic River Estuary. Total Mo (Mo (V) + Mo (VI)) ranged from 100–120 nM in most bottom saline waters, and 2.5–15 nM for surface fresher waters. Concentrations of Mo (V) in these environments ranged from 0 nM to ~ 15 nM, accounting for 0%–15% of the total dissolved Mo pool. The time series experiments showed that the Mo speciation changed within 1 h after the water collection, and therefore it is strongly suggested that speciation analysis be carried out within the first 15 min. However, since these are the first Mo speciation data in concentration ranges typical of normal marine and coastal waters, additional research may be required to optimize the methodology and further explore Mo cycling mechanisms.  相似文献