A methodology for structural analysis and optimization of riser connection joints     

Felipe Alexander Vargas Bazán  Edison Castro Prates de Lima  Marcos Queija de Siqueira  Elizabeth Frauches Netto Siqueira  Carlos Alberto Duarte de Lemos 《Applied Ocean Research》2011,33(4):344-365

In riser structural systems, the region where the riser is connected to the platform is critical due to the development of high stress levels. To reduce the stress concentration in this region, bend stiffeners and stress joints are used in order to provide a gradual stiffness transition between the riser and the platform. The present paper presents an optimization design approach for bend stiffeners and stress joints, using a slender beam procedure for the connection joint analysis and an evolution strategies multi-objective optimization algorithm. This approach produces similar results when compared to a finite element analysis of the complete riser, but with significant reduction of computational costs. Numerical examples are presented, showing the efficiency and robustness of the suggested methodology.  相似文献   

利用有限元方法模拟力学拉伸试验以钢纤维混凝土为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙玉军  Kwang Ik Kim  张怀  石耀霖 《地震》2013,33(4):145-152

力学试验是获取岩石等许多工程材料力学性能的主要方法之一。 但是对某些特殊材料, 由于影响其力学性能的因素众多, 单纯通过试验来获取其力学性能, 成本高, 过程复杂。 如工程抗震中目前普遍使用的钢纤维混凝土(SFRC), 很难单纯通过力学试验来获取钢纤维的分布对其力学性能的影响。 本文基于随机方法对钢纤维混凝土建立有限元模型, 利用数值模拟的方法来估计钢纤维的分布和体积率对钢纤维混凝土拉伸性能的影响。 通过与试验结果比较验证了其可行性, 结果表明钢纤维的分布对钢纤维混凝土屈服前的力学性能影响较小, 对屈服后的应力-应变特征影响较大。 当钢纤维体积率从1%变化到2%, 钢纤维混凝土的屈服强度与体积率大致为线性关系, 强度随之增加。  相似文献   

酒泉钢铁公司地下水源地数值模拟及水位预报   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

张举  丁宏伟  蒲晓斌  陈治国 《甘肃地质》2005,14(2):76-81

依据实际勘察资料,在全面阐述供水水源地水文地质条件及开采状况,进行地下水均衡计算的基础上,建立了勘察区地下水二维流水量数学模拟模型,重点以酒钢近期和远期对地下水资源的需求量2个开采方案为依据,利用模型对未来水源地地下水位的变化趋势和特征进行了预测预报。结果表明,各水源地总计按近期27.648万m3/d开采至2030年,开采区最大水位降深小于设计允许降深12m,并均已形成稳定的降落漏斗,由此引起的泉水溢出量减少对酒泉西盆地生态环境基本无影响,对现有的其它水源地影响甚微。而各水源地总计按远期34.56万m3/d开采至2030年,北大河、嘉峪关水源地开采井降深小于设计允许降深,自2011年降落漏斗已基本稳定,但黑山湖水源地开采降落漏斗中心最大水位降深分别为17.22m和23.60m,远大于设计允许降深,并且地下水位持续下降,降落漏斗不断扩大并与北大河、嘉峪关水源地降落漏斗相连形成区域性大降落漏斗,由此引起的水位降幅将使现有的泉水大量衰减直至完全消失,对下游生态环境将产生巨大的负面影响。为实现水资源的永续利用和酒钢经济的可持续发展,酒泉公司未来必须实施开源与节流并具的用水战略。  相似文献   

Zinc speciation in steel plant atmospheric emissions: A multi-technical approach   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M.L. Sammut  Y. Noack  J. Rose 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,88(1-3):239

Epidemiological studies have provided evidence for the association of air particulate matter (PM) and heavy metals concentrations with adverse health effects for human population but also for environment. Even if the knowledge of PM and metals concentration is important, it has been clearly demonstrated that the chemical form of an element is essential to understand its environmental behaviour and its potential toxicity. Studies have demonstrated that zinc (Zn), particularly in its soluble forms, induces inflammatory response in lungs. As steel plant is an important heavy metals emitter, and as atmospheric emissions are rich in Zn, the aim of our work was to determine Zn bearing phase and speciation in steel work air particulate matter by a multi-technical approach including physical methods like SEM, Extended X-Rays Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) and chemical techniques like ICP-AES and sequential leaching. Results show that Zn is mainly associated with two phases, (i) one insoluble phase which has been clearly identified, as Zn–Fe oxide and similar to franklinite, and (ii) one easily soluble phase, containing calcium and probably associated with carbonates which present a greater toxical potential for environment and human health.  相似文献   

A practical approach to predicting cross-flow and in-line VIV response for deepwater risers     

《Applied Ocean Research》2015

In this study, a practical model is proposed to predict cross-flow (CF) and in-line (IL) vortex-induced vibrations of a flexible riser in time domain. The hydrodynamic force as a function of non-dimensional amplitude and frequency is obtained from the forced vibration experimental data of a two-dimensional cylinder. An empirical nonlinear damping model is used to simulate the hydrodynamic damping outside the experiment's range. Coupling effect of CF and IL-VIV is taken into account by implanting a magnification model for the IL hydrodynamic force associated with CF amplitude, and by increasing the non-dimensional amplitude corresponding to the IL hydrodynamic coefficient in the second excitation region. The experimental models of flexible riser under the uniform and sheared current are simulated to validate the proposed model. The predicted displacement, curvatures, excited modes and fatigue damage show reasonable agreement with the measured data.  相似文献   

钢结构管道穿越西山断层安全性分析     

栾骏  唐新军  胡明祎 《内陆地震》2008,22(2):129-134

根据乌鲁木齐市西山发震断层的有关资料,针对西山地区两种主要地层岩土工程数据,利用有限元理论,采用大型通用有限元分析软件ANSYS对天然气管线穿越西山断层的反应进行了分析和研究。通过分析穿越断层地下管线的应力与变形情况,得出了在使用年限内钢结构管道以粉土层为地基持力层和覆土材料将处于安全状态的结论。  相似文献   

Industrial pollution at Bagnoli (Naples, Italy): benthic foraminifera as a tool in integrated programs of environmental characterisation   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Romano E  Bergamin L  Finoia MG  Carboni MG  Ausili A  Gabellini M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(3):439-457

In the 20th century an important industrial plant operated on the coastal area of Bagnoli. After its closing, an integrated study of environmental characterisation aimed at restoration started. The survey conducted was based on chemical and sedimentological analyses integrated with benthic foraminifera analyses. Statistical analysis of the data shows sectors with a distinct type and degree of pollution. Particularly, pollution linked to the silty sediment fraction, mainly due to Pb and Zn, was recognised in front of the southern sector of the plant. The study of benthic foraminifera provides evidence for a pollution-tolerant character in some species like Haynesina germanica and Quinqueloculina parvula. In addition, two species among the 113 recognised show high percentages of abnormal specimens. These percentages show a statistical correlation with some pollutants (PAHs, Mn, Pb and Zn). In addition, Energy Dispersive Spectrometry shows small amounts of Fe ions included in deformed tests of Miliolinella subrotunda. Because the number of these deformations is positively correlated to the concentration of PAHs, Mn and Zn, the inability of some specimens to exclude the foreign elements from the crystalline reticulum of the test could be attributed to the potential toxic effect of these pollutants.  相似文献   

钢在不同海底沉积物中的腐蚀研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

李言涛  侯保荣 《海洋与湖沼》1997,28(2):179-184

1993年9月—1994年9月在中国科学院海洋研究所培育楼流动海水实验室将普通碳钢（A3钢）和低合金钢（16Mn钢）以分别和电连接两种挂片方式置于海面大气区、海水全浸区和不同的海底沉积物中进行一年的室内模拟实验。结果表明，两种钢在海洋环境中的腐蚀率在分别挂片时呈下列顺序：海面大气区＞海水全浸区＞海底沉积区；在电连挂片时出现如下顺序：海面大气区＞海底沉积区＞海水全浸区。随着海底沉积物颗粒度的减小，水／泥（砂）界面腐蚀最轻的钢片的腐蚀速度在电连挂片时成正相关关系，分别挂片时影响不大。处于沉积区最底部的钢片因成为宏电池的阳极，而遭受最严重的腐蚀。低合金钢的腐蚀率比普碳钢略大。  相似文献   

Performance of non-linear seabed interaction models for steel catenary risers,part II: global response     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Fatigue response of steel catenary risers (SCR) in the touchdown zone (TDZ) is significantly affected by riser-seabed interaction. Non-linear hysteretic riser-seabed interaction models have been recently developed to simulate the SCR cyclic embedment into the seabed. Despite the advancements achieved in the prediction of non-linear hysteretic riser-seabed interaction, several inconsistencies have been recently identified in the nodal performance of some of the popular models. These limitations need to be resolved by proposing new models or improving the existing models. However, it is necessary to evaluate the influence of the identified shortcomings of the existing models on the global performance of the riser. In this paper, the influence of nodal inconsistencies observed in a popular riser-seabed interaction model on the global performance of the riser was comprehensively examined in the TDZ. The riser embedment profile, cyclic contact stress, contact stress envelop, mean shear force, cyclic bending moment, and consequently the cumulative fatigue damage was investigated. The study showed that the soil model overestimates the riser embedment and other global responses. Recommendations were made to overcome the identified shortcomings of the existing models in future developments.  相似文献   

The influence of nonlinear hysteretic seabed interaction on slug-induced stress oscillations in steel catenary risers     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Steel catenary risers (SCRs) are usually cost-effective solutions in the development of offshore fields and the transferring of the hydrocarbons from the seabed to the floating facilities. These elements are subjected to the fatigue loads particularly in the touchdown zone (TDZ), where the oscillating SCR is exposed to cyclic contact with the seabed. The slug-induced oscillation is a significant contributor to the fatigue loads in the TDZ. The cyclic seabed soil softening under the wave-induced riser oscillations and the gradual penetration of the SCR into the seabed are widely accepted to have a significant influence on SCR fatigue performance. However, this has never been investigated for slug-induced oscillations due to the lack of integrated access to comprehensive numerical models enabling the simulation of the riser slugging and nonlinear hysteretic riser-seabed interaction at the same time. In this paper, an advanced interface was developed and verified using the multi-point moving tie constraint in order to examine the influence of cyclic seabed soil softening on slug-induced oscillations of SCR. The interface was integrated with a pre-developed user subroutine for modeling of the nonlinear hysteretic riser-seabed interaction and incorporated into a global SCR model in ABAQUS. A comprehensive parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of slug characteristics and nonlinear seabed soil model on slug-induced, wave-induced, and combined wave/slug induced oscillations of SCR in the TDZ. It was observed that the nonlinear seabed model could significantly affect the embedment of the SCR into the seabed under the slug-induced oscillations and consequently improve the fatigue life. The developed user interface was found to be a strong framework for modeling riser slugging.  相似文献