Identifying rock blocks based on hierarchical rock-mass structure model     

NengXiong Xu 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(10):1612-1623

Rock-masses are divided into many closed blocks by deterministic and stochastic discontinuities and engineering interfaces in complex rock-mass engineering. Determining the sizes, shapes, and adjacent relations of blocks is important for stability analysis of fractured rock masses. Here we propose an algorithm for identifying spatial blocks based on a hierarchical 3D Rock-mass Structure Model (RSM). First, a model is built composed of deterministic discontinuities, engineering interfaces, and the earth’s su...  相似文献   

发窝构造油气潜力评价     

梁秋原 《云南地质》2000,19(4):433-442

云龙凹陷地处楚雄盆地东部浅坳陷区,面积１４６４ｋｍ＾２,由于具有良好的石油地质条件而被各方所瞩目。发窝构造位于云龙凹陷中部断弯构造带,南高点为断背斜,北高点为断鼻,云参１井位于云龙凹陷发窝构造南高点,从区域石油地质条件入手,结合地震勘探成果,含油气性剖面研究、区带评价及圈闭评价资料,论述了发窝构造的油气潜力,对云参１井钻探的可行性进行分析研究,肯定了钻探的可行性及必要性,也对钻探的风险进行分析。  相似文献   

华北文安-蔚县-察哈尔右翼中旗剖面S波资料的地质解释   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

刘宝峰  张先康  张成科  宋松岩  周雪松 《地震地质》2000,22(1):81-88

通过对文安—蔚县—察哈尔右翼中旗深地震测深剖面S波资料的处理解释 ,获得本区二维壳幔速度结构和波速比结构。该区的上、中地壳主要由花岗岩组成 ,整体呈脆性 ,其速度比γ值为 1 72左右 ;下地壳的γ值一般为 1 78;上地幔顶部的γ值在 1 82左右 ,表明下地壳与上地幔顶部整体呈塑性的特征。根据波组及γ值横向变化特征 ,推断了该区的几条深大断裂 ,结合本地区的地震活动 ,推测地震的孕育发生不仅与构造相关 ,而且与该区的岩石性质有关  相似文献   

双核型空间结构模式及其在世界地理研究中的应用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

董平  陆玉麒 《世界地理研究》2000,9(1):62-67

作者在我国沿海和沿江地区的空间结构进行深入研究的基础上,发现了一种新的空间结构模式,即双核型空间结构模式。本文在对这一模式进行理论分析的基础上,初步探讨也该模式在世界地理研究中的应用：①指出全球最大的双核结构由全球最大的港口城市鹿特丹和全球最大的内河港口城市杜伊斯堡所组成;②作为推动美国区域经济发展的最重要的一个轴线－“美国经济地理横轴”,是一由芝加哥和纽约组成的双核结构;③新旧首都构成一特殊的双  相似文献   

A new approach for measuring surface hydrological connectivity     

Joshua M. Wolstenholme  Mark W. Smith  Andy J. Baird  Thomas G. Sim 《水文研究》2020,34(3):538-552

The development of surface hydrological connectivity is a key determinant of flood magnitude in drylands. Thresholds in runoff response may be reached when isolated runoff-generating areas connect with each other to form continuous links to river channels, enabling these areas to contribute to flood hydrographs. Such threshold behaviour explains observed nonlinearities and scale dependencies of dryland rainfall–runoff relationships and complicates attempts at flood prediction. However, field methods for measuring the propensity of a surface to transmit water downslope are lacking, and conventional techniques of infiltration measurement are often inappropriate for use on non-agricultural drylands. Here, we argue for a reconceptualization of the dryland surface runoff process, suggesting that the downslope transfer of water should be considered alongside surface infiltration; that is, there is a need for the “aggregated” measurement of infiltration and overland flow hydraulics. Surface application of a set volume of water at a standardized rate generates runoff that travels downslope; the distance it travels downslope is determined by infiltration along the flow, integration of flow paths, and flow resistance. We demonstrate the potential of such a combined measurement system coupled with structure-from-motion photogrammetry to identify surface controls on runoff generation and transfer on dryland hillslopes, with vegetation, slope, surface stone cover, and surface roughness all having a significant effect. The measurement system has been used on slopes up to 37° compared with the flat surface typically required for infiltration methods. On average, the field workflow takes ~10–15 min, considerably quicker than rainfall simulation. A wider variety of surfaces can be sampled with relative ease, as the method is not restricted to stone and vegetation-free land. We argue that this aggregated measurement represents surface connectivity and dryland runoff response better than standard hydrological approaches and can be applied on a much greater variety of dryland surfaces.  相似文献   

攀西地区中、新生代构造特征          下载免费PDF全文

葛碧如  杨科佑 《地球物理学报》1990,33(1):64-69,T001,T002

本文在野外实际考察、陆地卫星遥感资料数字图象处理、判读、彩红外航片构造判读的基础上,指出攀西地区是扬子准地台与松潘-甘孜印支地槽褶皱系间的构造过渡带.根据中、新生代构造特征,可进一步将它划分为被四条近南北向断裂带分割的三个断块.  相似文献   

Fine-Scale Measurements Of Turbulence In The Lower Troposphere: An Intercomparison Between A Kite- And Balloon-Borne, And A Helicopter-Borne Measurement System     

Andreas Muschinski  Ror Frehich  Mike Jensen  Ron Hugo  Axel Hoff  Frank Eaton  Ben Balsley 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2001,98(2):219-250

Two state-of-the-art, high-resolution, in situ turbulence measurement systems, which can be deployed at altitudes well above the atmospheric surface layer, are compared: the Tethered Lifting System (TLS) of the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)at the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, and the helicopter-borneturbulence measurement system HELIPOD of the Technical UniversityBraunschweig, Germany, and the University of Hanover, Germany. Whilethe CIRES TLS is a fixed-point platform, HELIPOD is a moving platform.On the basis of data taken with the two systems in separate field campaigns,the system capabilities are quantified and discussed. Criteria for instrumentalrequirements are presented. It is shown that both the CIRES TLS and HELIPODare well suited for measuring fine-scale turbulence that is characterized by very small temperature structure parameters 10⁶ K² m^–2/3 and smaller) and very small energy dissipation rates (10^-7 m² s^-3 and smaller). The authors are not aware of any other turbulence measurement systems that have similar capabilities and can be deployed at altitudes of up to several kilometres. The HELIPOD is ideal for high-resolution horizontal measurements while the TLS is ideal for high-resolution vertical measurements using multiple sensors attached to a suspended line.  相似文献   

宁蒗铜厂河铜矿床成矿条件研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

胡受权  郭文平  杨凤根  徐旃章  张寿庭 《云南地质》2001,20(1):46-58

宁蒗铜厂河铜矿床系喜马拉雅期隐伏斑岩体外接触带玄武岩系热液型铜矿床，其主要含矿层位为上二叠统玄武岩组三段（P2β^3）与黑泥哨组（P2h)，主干控矿构造为南北向断裂体系，铜矿化均产于NW向F1断裂的下盘（南盘）。矿区具显著的成矿多期，多阶段性和矿化体水平，垂直分带性规律，通过对碳，氧，硫等稳定同位素和包裹体分析及成矿热液演化特征探讨，建立了铜矿热液成矿模式。  相似文献   

Structural geometry of the early Precambrian terrane south of Coimbatore in the “Palghat Gap”, southern India     

K. Naha  R. Srinivasan  G. K. Deb 《Journal of Earth System Science》1997,106(4):237-247

The ENE-plunging macroscopic folds, traced by calc gneiss interbanded with marble and sillimanite schist within the Peninsular Gneiss around Suganapuram in the ‘Palghat gap’ in southern India, represent structures of the second generation (D₂). They have folded the axial planes of a set of D₁ isoclinal folds on stratification coaxially, so that the mesoscopic D₁ folds range from reclined in the hinge zones, through inclined to upright in the limb zones of the D₂ folds. Orthogonal relation between stratification and axial planar cleavage, and ‘M’ shaped folds on layering locate the hinge zones of the D₁ folds, whereas folds on axial planar cleavage with ‘M’ shaped folds are the sites of the D₂ fold hinges. Extreme variation in the shapes of the isoclinal D₁ folds from class 1B through class 1C to nearly class 2 of Ramsay is a consequence of buckling followed by flattening on layers of widely varying viscosity contrast. The large ENE-trending structures in this supracrustal belt within the Peninsular Gneiss in the ‘Palghat gap’ could not have evolved by reorientation of NS-trending structures of the Dharwar tectonic province to the north by movement along the Moyar-Bhavani shear zone which marks the boundary between the two provinces. This is because the Moyar and Bhavani faults are steep dipping reverse faults with dominant dip-slip component. Deceased  相似文献   

北大港-白东构造带成因的实验解析     

陈福巨  杜旭东 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1997,(4)

砂箱模拟实验已经被证明是研究盆地内部伸展构造的有效工具。用砂箱实验模拟了黄骅盆地内部北大港—白东构造带的成因，认为北大港—白东构造带是盆地在以沧东断裂为主边界断层的伸展过程中，上盘变形受到新港—海河断裂带影响的产物。  相似文献