CASSIO4800计算器测量放样程序的应用及优化     

栗超 《北京测绘》2009,(1)

详细介绍了在公路开挖放样中,CASSIO4800计算器的测量放样程序的应用,并结合实际工作经验对圆曲线放样程序进行了优化。  相似文献   

基于小波变换的水沙关系特征分析:以长江大通站为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王霞  吴加学 《海洋学研究》2009,27(2):16-22

根据长江大通站近50年(1957～1999年)的水沙数据,利用复Morlet小波变换,分析水沙时间序列多尺度小波特征,建立了不同时间尺度上的水沙关系式.分析结果显示:(1) 大通站水沙序列年内洪、枯季周期波动最为显著,流量的长周期特征明显,含沙量与输沙量的短周期特征显著.(2) 大通站水沙序列多尺度特征明显,流量的振荡周期主要为3～6 a和8～16 a;含沙量多尺度振荡周期较为平稳,4～6 a的周期振荡中心尺度呈明显下降的趋势;输沙量以4～6 a和10～14 a的周期显著振荡,输沙量变化平稳,较含沙量变化有一定的滞后期.(3) 根据流量小波特征分析,近50年的水沙变化过程大致可分为3个时期,分时段拟合水沙关系曲线,发现总体水沙曲线的指数与正常期和丰水期的接近,而与少水期的存在较大的差距.少水期系数较小、指数较大,表明在少水期泥沙的供给量较少,但水流的搬运能力增强.  相似文献   

Microphytobenthic biomass and species composition in intertidal flats of the Nakdong River estuary, Korea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GuoYing Du  Moonho Son  Misun Yun  Soonmo An  Ik Kyo Chung   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,82(4):663-672

Intertidal microphytobenthos (MPB) were investigated monthly from August 2006 to March 2008 at four different sites in the sand flats of Nakdong River estuary, Korea. Samples of surface sediment (ca. 1 cm) were collected, and chlorophyll a was extracted as biomass estimation. Species identification and enumeration were carried out by light microscopy, assisted where necessary by scanning electronic microscopy. Biomass varied between 0.47 and 16.58 μg cm⁻³, abundance changed from 5.25 to 414.75 × 10³ cells cm⁻³, while the Shannon diversity indexes ranged between 0.69 and 2.35 H′. Thirty-nine MPB taxa were identified, primarily composed of epipelic diatoms, among which Amphora and Navicula were the most abundant genera. Based on the biomass, abundance, species composition and their dynamics, MPB assemblages of sampling sites were grouped into three distinct communities corresponding to their sediment composition characteristics. Multivariate correlation analysis revealed that biomass was positively related to mud and very fine sand, negatively related to fine and medium sand, but not significantly related to environmental factors such as pore water nutrients, light intensity and salinity, which fluctuated rapidly during emersion period. Cluster analysis corroborated the division of MPB communities according to site types on seasonal scales, and also showed seasonality between sites by cluster of all summer groups. Principal component analysis identified that variability in species composition was significantly affected by mud, very fine sand, fine sand, light intensity, and sediment temperature. This study suggests that sediment composition plays an important role in the functioning of intertidal MPB communities in estuarine ecosystems.  相似文献   

下边界条件为水位流量关系的扩散波洪水演算方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

黄国如  胡和平  田富强  尹大凯 《水科学进展》2001,12(4):479-484

经大量的理论分析和实际洪水演算表明,扩散波可较好地反映洪水波的运动特点。本文基于河道下断面的水位流量关系和连续方程的联立求解,导出了水位流量关系型的下边界条件。利用Laplace变换,得到了扩散波方程在该边界条件下的解析解。文中的求解过程表明,可利用该法进行洪水演算,关键在于如何与实际洪水结合,这个问题有待进一步地分析研究。  相似文献   

Mathematical attributes of some soil–water characteristic curve models     

W. Scott Sillers  Delwyn G. Fredlund  Noshin Zakerzaheh 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2001,19(3-4):243-283

Numerous mathematical models have been proposed in the research literature to represent soil–water characteristic curve data. A number of proposed mathematical models are summarized and the significance of each of the associated soil parameters is illustrated. The advantages and disadvantages of the various mathematical models are outlined. The derivatives for each of the model equations are presented along with comments regarding the efficiency of the best-fit regression procedures.The models using three soil parameters models proved to be superior for representing the wide range of soil suctions required in solving geotechnical problems. Regression analyses using three soil parameters were shown to be numerically more stable, converging with a reasonable number of iterations.  相似文献   

THE TECHNIQUE OF QUASI-LOSSLESS COMPRESSION OF THE REMOTE SENSING IMAGE     

HU Qingwu XUAN Jiabin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2001,4(1):50-55

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瑞利波测试技术用于剪切波速勘探之研究     

石玉成  蔡红卫 《高原地震》1995,(3)

本文根据瑞利波测量所得波形的变化特征，分析研究了地基参数对瑞利波弥散曲线的影响规律，提出了利用瑞利波测试剪切波速的方法。在研究过程中，对瑞利波测试技术进行了探讨，并引入了相关分析原理，以消除噪声、系统的非线性以及其它一些人为因素的干扰。最后结合实例，论证该技术用于实际勘探的可行性并指出其存在的问题和有待进一步完善的工作。  相似文献   

Trace elements in tropical African savanna biomass burning aerosols   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

A. Gaudichet  F. Echalar  B. Chatenet  J. P. Quisefit  G. Malingre  H. Cachier  P. Buat-Menard  P. Artaxo  W. Maenhaut 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1995,22(1-2):19-39

As a part of the FOS/DECAFE experiment, aerosol particles emitted during prescribed savanna fires were collected in January 1991 at Lamto (Ivory Coast), either close to the emission or in ambient air. Analytical transmission electron microscopy pointed out the presence of sub-micrometer soots, salt condensates, vegetation relicts and soil derived particles. The samples were also analyzed for their total particulate matter (TPM) content and elemental composition by PIXE or XRF. At the emission, high concentrations of soil derived elements (Fe and Al) pointed out an intense remobilization process during the fires. Biomass burning emissions contributed to more than 90% of the measured concentrations, of P, Cl, S, K, Cu and Zn, which were found primarily in the fine fraction with the exception of P. Near the emission, K was mainly present as KCl, evolving to K₂SO₄ in the ambient samples. Trace elements emission factors were obtained for the first time for the African savanna burning and their annual emissions were estimated: our median K emission factor (0.78 g/kg of C) is higher than estimates for other ecosystems (0.2–0.58 g/kg of C); Zn emissions (0.008 Tg/year) account for 4 to 11% of the global anthropogenic emissions.  相似文献   

抛物线竖曲线的测设     

何宝恕 《测绘工程》1995,(3)

设计的纵断面抛物线竖曲线,列出一个二元二次方程y=f(x),其中,自变量x为抛物线路面上任一点至抛物线路面始点的水平距离,因变量y为该点上的高程,该方程为实地施工、验收提供了方便。本法标定点位精确,适应当今车辆对高速公路的要求。  相似文献   

皖南龙潭阶与长兴阶界线的一种确定方法──层序地层学应用尝试     

吴基文  陈资平 《地层学杂志》1995,19(2):136-139

以层序地层学理论为指导，通过对皖南地区晚二叠世地层沉积层序特征的综合分析。可知该区晚二叠世存在两次海水进退过程，发育两个层序，两层序之界面即为龙潭阶和长兴阶的分界，该界线在视电阻率测井曲线上有较明显的反映，据此可方便地进行地层划分。  相似文献