城市湖泊春季绿藻水华特征及其影响因素——以宁波月湖为例     

周卢茜  裘钱玲琳  唐剑锋  徐耀阳  潘军标  王小德 《湖泊科学》2019,31(4):1023-1034

城市湖泊富营养化问题日趋严峻,以往对水华的研究多集中于大型自然淡水湖库,而对小型城市浅水湖泊的水华动态相对较少.以宁波月湖为研究对象,探讨水华暴发期间浮游植物变化特征及与影响因子之间的关系,以期判别影响城市湖泊水华的主控因子.月湖水华期间营养盐水平处于中富营养至极端富营养之间,此次共检出浮游植物8门61属,藻种组成以绿藻门（51.79%）和硅藻门（21.43%）为主,各点位浮游植物生长主要受水温、光照驱动,经历了隐藻门→硅藻门→绿藻门→蓝藻门的演替.水华种为雷氏衣藻（Chlamydomonas reinhardtii）,总藻密度最高达到1.55×10⁸ cells/L,水华暴发后各点位衣藻属比例升高（最高达到81.10%）,群落结构呈现单一化特征.通过Pearson相关性分析和RDA分析发现衣藻属生长与水温、pH、总磷浓度均呈显著正相关,春季气温回升、天气持续晴好,城市浅水湖泊高营养盐负荷、水体流动性差等特点为带鞭毛的衣藻属提供了适宜的生存条件,在环境条件均适宜的情况下拥有最大生长潜力的衣藻属在营养盐、光照等竞争中生长速率明显优于其他藻种,从而发生绿藻水华.  相似文献   

石花菜化学成分与药理作用研究进展     

张英格  伍冠一  陈曦 《海洋科学》2021,45(1):129-138

石花菜(Gelidium amansii),石花菜科石花菜属植物,是一种广泛分布于我国沿海的可食用红藻,具有丰富的营养价值,是琼脂的主要来源,石花菜还有滋阴降火、清热解毒、化瘀散结等功效。目前,国内外研究表明石花菜具有降血脂、降血糖、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗炎等多方面药理作用,化学成分研究还不深入。本文从石花菜的化学成分、药理作用与市场应用等方面进行了归纳总结,以期为石花菜的进一步研究提供理论依据。  相似文献   

近2000年来杭州西湖藻类种群的演替与富营养化的发展过程   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

项斯端  吴文卫  黄三红  陈丽娟  姚敏 《湖泊科学》2000,12(3):219-225

于１９９１年在西湖底作１５个深度１ｍ左右的钻孔,根据其内微分石藻的垂直分布探索西湖近２０００年藻类种群的演替,并藉此反映湖泊的古生境及其富营养化发展的历程,结果显示淡水西湖形成后藻类的垂直分布由下而上可分为３带：（１）附生藻带（短缝藻－桥穹藻－异极藻组合）：－８５ｃｍ至－４５ｃｍ,以喜酸性及真酸性的附生藻为主,适应于当时的沼泽生境。（２）附生藻向浮游藻过渡带（水花束丝藻－直链藻组合）：通常在－３０  相似文献   

北京城区河湖水质分析   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

杜桂森  吴玉梅  扬忠山  武佃卫  刘靖 《湖泊科学》2005,17(4):373-377

调研结果显示,2003年北京城区河湖(11个监测水体)总磷、总氮含量分别为0．142mg/L、1．481mg/L,已达到比较 严重的富营养状态．北京城市河湖属于藻型水体,初级生产力主要决定于浮游藻类的群落结构与密度．河湖水体中浮游 藻类密度为37867．82×10~4cells/L,其群落由蓝藻(Cyanophyta)、绿藻(Chlorophyta)、硅藻(Bcillariophyta)、甲藻(Pyrrophy— ta)、隐藻(Cryptophyta)、黄藻(Xanthophyta)、金藻(Chrysophyta)和裸藻(Eugleniphyta)构成．群落中蓝藻占绝对优势 (89．54%)．在近几年的夏秋季连续发生程度不同的微囊藻(microcystis)水华,对水体功能和城市景观造成了不良影响． 主要原因是：(1)氮磷和有机物的污染,(2)给城市河湖补给的水量少,(3)河湖生态系统被损害,水体自净能力差．本文 对如何改善北京城市河湖水质提出了建议．  相似文献   

芦苇化感组分对羊角月牙藻和雷氏衣藻生长特性的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

门玉洁  李锋民  胡洪营 《湖泊科学》2007,19(4):473-478

研究了从芦苇(Phragmitis communis Trin)中分离得到的化感组分对羊角月牙藻(Selenastrum caprtcornutum)和雷氏衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)生长特性的影响.在藻类生长的对数期向培养液中投加不同浓度的化感组分,分别测定并观察了培养期间受试藻种藻密度和藻细胞形态的变化情况.结果表明,该化感组分对羊角月牙藻藻密度的增长具有明显的抑制作用,半效应浓度(EC50.7d)值为0.60mg/L,同时使羊角月牙藻细胞内部结构改变,形态变大.投加6mg/L化感组分后,藻细胞平均宽度是对照组的1.5倍.该化感组分对雷氏衣藻藻密度的增长没有明显的抑制作用,但使其运动性能降低.  相似文献   

Climate driven changes in the submerged macrophyte and phytoplankton community in a hard water lake     

《Limnologica》2015

We studied the changes in the submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) and phytoplankton community in a hard water lake during different meteorological conditions. We hypothesized that variations in climatic conditions (precipitation and temperature) can influence the physicochemical parameters of water and, in turn, affect SAV and phytoplankton development. The investigations were performed in Lake Rogóźno (the West Polesie region, Eastern Poland) over 10 years from 2003 to 2013. The physicochemical parameters, the structure of macrophytes and the phytoplankton community in the dry (2003–2006, DP) and wet periods (2007–2013, WP) were analyzed. Between the dry and wet periods, the water color and the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) increased considerably, whereas water conductivity decreased. Other parameters (concentration of nutrients, water reaction and transparency) were comparable during both periods. When the precipitation and water level were low (DP), charophytes dominated the SAV and cyanobacteria dominated the phytoplankton community. After the precipitation and water level increased (WP), the charophyte population declined and the vascular plants and bryophytes dominated. Furthermore, flagellated algae belonging to the dinophytes and cryptophytes were the most numerous in the phytoplankton community. These changes in the SAV and phytoplankton were linked with the variations of physicochemical parameters determined by the total precipitation and mean air temperature in March.  相似文献   

Biosorption of Uranium Ions by Marine Macroalga Padina pavonia          下载免费PDF全文

Sule Aytas  Elif Gunduz  Cem Gok 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(4):498-506

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Microfossils from the Arymas and Debengda formations, the Riphean of the Olenek Uplift: Age and presumable nature     

A. M. Stanevich  E. N. Maksimova  T. A. Kornilova  D. P. Gladkochub  A. M. Mazukabzov  T. V. Donskaya 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2009,17(1):20-35

Studied assemblages of diverse organic-walled microfossils separated from the Arymas and Debengda formations of the Olenek Uplift include several paleobiological groups of microorganisms. Sufficiently large morphotypes of the first group are identified with remains of cyanobacteria. Morphotypes of variable spiral structure, which dwelt in association or in symbiosis with cyanobionts, are attributed to the same bacterial community. The other group includes a series of different acritarch genera whose characters suggest their affinity with green algae of the order Desmidiales. It is very likely that this group coexisted on siliciclastic shoals with large ancestral forms of the present-day brown algae. Several microfossil taxa have been known before from the Neoproterozoic deposits only. With due regard for the relatively gradual accumulation of sedimentary succession lacking large hiatuses and for the regular series of K-Ar dates characterizing three Riphean formations of the Olenek Uplift, it is possible to suggest that there was the Arymas-Debengda-Khaipakh cycle of long-lasted, almost uninterrupted sedimentation within the time span of 1250–900 Ma. It is also admissible that age ranges of some Late Precambrian microfossils are much larger than their distribution intervals postulated formerly.  相似文献   

Kelp forests in False Bay: urchins vs macroalgae in South Africa’s southwest coast biogeographical transition zone     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(4):395-406

Kelp forests along South Africa's southwest coast occur in a region of biogeographical overlap. Commonly referred to as transition-zone kelp forests, these dynamic ecosystems are particularly susceptible to grazing from species such as urchins. This study explores relationships between urchins and macroalgae in transition-zone kelp forests along the western side of False Bay. Six kelp forests in this region were sampled. At each site, the urchin Parechinus angulosus and kelp Ecklonia maxima were counted, percentage cover of understorey algae was recorded, and drift algae were collected. Despite variability in urchin and algal cover across sites, kelps generally increased from north to south, while urchins did the opposite. Urchins were negatively associated with macroalgae, although this relationship was weak. A localised threshold of 50 urchins m^–2 was identified, above which kelp density failed to increase above 10 m^–2 and percentage cover of understorey algae usually remained below 20%. Surprisingly, no relationship was discovered between drift algae and attached algae. The findings highlight the complexity of these cool-water environments. To better understand the role of urchins in this system, particularly under changing climate trends, experimental research into the feeding behaviour and possible effects of urchins on attached algae in the presence/absence of drift algae is advised.  相似文献   

Insights into zooplankton‐cyanobacteria interactions derived from enclosure studies     

Carolyn W. Burns 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):477-482

Few workers have used enclosures specifically to study interactions between zoo‐plankton and cyanobacteria. Differences among studies in enclosure size, nutrient level, plankton abundance and species composition, presence or absence of fish, and length of experiments make generalisations difficult. Zooplankton had no direct effect on the growth of ungrazed cyanobacteria (Anabaena flos‐aquae, Aphanizomenon flos‐aquae, large Microcystis colonies) in short‐term (<5 days) and long‐term (> 1 month) enclosure studies. When large cyanobacteria were abundant, some Daphnia spp. snowed reduced reproduction and development. When large grazers were abundant they suppressed the growth of edible, colonial cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon elenkinii, small Microcystis colonies). By altering the ambient light and nutrient environment, large zooplankton may suppress cyanobacteria; evidence for the importance of grazers in promoting cyanobacterial dominance by removing competing phytoplankton species is equivocal. Zooplankton may suppress nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria through ammonia excretion and may promote a change in dominance from diatoms to cyanobacteria through recycling phosphorus but not silicon.  相似文献