H2O Content Measurement in Phengite by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry: A New Set of Reference Materials     

Cindy Luisier  Lukas Baumgartner  Guillaume Siron  Torsten Vennemann  Martin Robyr 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(4):635-646

Five new natural white mica reference materials (RMs) were developed for in situ H₂O content analyses by secondary ion mass spectrometry at the SwissSIMS laboratory of Lausanne University, Switzerland. The white mica reference materials cover a large part of the natural muscovite–phengite compositional range and are therefore suitable as reference materials for the analysis of natural rocks as well as individual minerals. The independent H₂O content of the reference materials UNIL_WM1 to UNIL_WM5 was obtained by thermal conversion elemental analyser and corresponds to 4.35 ± 0.02, 4.33 ± 0.03, 4.30 ± 0.07, 4.50 ± 0.02 and 4.42 ± 0.11 (% m/m, ± 1s), respectively. SIMS determinations of H₂O content revealed a matrix effect correlated to the FeO content of white mica. The compositional range in FeO of the reference materials that were calibrated for H₂O determination is from 1.13% to 3.67% m/m. No crystallographic orientation dependency was observed at the level of homogeneity of these reference materials. An analytical precision of 0.02% to 0.08% m/m (1SE) is expected for the final uncertainty on measurements of unknown white micas in natural samples.  相似文献   

咸淡水界面位置确定的综合方法(TEcG)及其应用     

束龙仓  王明昭  张惠潼  张含明  张乃鹏  孙影  孙超  袁鹏杰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(6):1706-1713

准确确定咸淡水界面位置是评价咸水入侵范围的前提。对于咸淡水界面位置的确定,传统研究以水化学法和物探法为主。为克服单一使用传统方法造成的人力、物力和财力的大量浪费,以莱州湾西南岸广饶县小清河以南咸水入侵区为研究对象,在综合分析研究区地下水开采现状、水化学监测结果的基础上,选择3个典型断面,采用水化学法中的野外现场电导率法,快速判断咸淡水界面大致位置（某两眼监测井之间）;再在一咸一淡的两眼监测井之间,采用高密度电阻率法快速、准确地确定咸淡水界面的空间分布。结果表明：该地区的地下水电导率若大于1.61 mS/cm,即可认为此处受到咸水入侵;咸淡水界面位置的视电阻率特征值为11~13 Ω·m,咸淡水界面附近咸水体呈舌状入侵并主要发生在地表以下13 m内的浅层地下水中。  相似文献   

NaCl胁迫下红砂愈伤组织中主要离子累积特征的研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

谭会娟  贾荣亮  刘玉冰  赵昕  李新荣 《中国沙漠》2010,30(6):1305-1310

盐胁迫下植物对Na+、K+、Ca2+、Cl-的选择性吸收代表了植物对盐胁迫的适应性。以荒漠植物红砂为材料,研究不同浓度NaCl胁迫对红砂愈伤组织Na+、K+、Ca2+、Cl-含量的影响。结果表明,NaCl胁迫下红砂组织相对生长率随着盐浓度的增加先增加后下降, 100 mM处理时达到最大;K+、Ca2+含量下降,Na+和Cl-含量升高,变化幅度随NaCl浓度的增加而增大。红砂愈伤组织具有很强的耐盐能力,低浓度NaCl处理可促进愈伤组织的生长,对Na+、K+、Ca2+、Cl-的吸收选择性提高,有利于避免离子代谢紊乱,减轻NaCl胁迫的伤害;在较高浓度下盐胁迫会对植物的生长造成一定的抑制。可见,离子平衡是红砂组织耐盐性的重要机理之一。  相似文献   

福建地下流体氟离子动态非地震前兆异常识别     

林国元 《地震地磁观测与研究》2010,31(4):57-60

2008年3—7月福建地区共发生4次中等地震,福建地下流体氟离子有多孔观测井,在震前或震后出现高值突跳的现象;2008年9-11月福建地下流体氟离子又有多孔观测井出现高值异常。本研究通过实验提出:该氟离子高值异常为非地震前兆异常,建议准备一支氟离子选择性电极作为备用电极,用于对比观测,以提高氟离子观测数据异常的判别。  相似文献   

Zn(II) Ion Biosorption onto Surface of Eucalyptus Leaf Biomass: Isotherm,Kinetic, and Mechanistic Modeling     

Vishal Mishra  Chandrajit Balomajumder  Vijay Kumar Agarwal 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(11):1062-1073

Bioremediation of Zn(II) by biosorption across aqueous phase on to surface of eucalyptus leaf powder has been investigated in present research work. The adsorptive potential of eucalyptus leaf powder was evaluated as function of pH, temperature, contact time, agitation rate and particle size. Maximum metal ion uptake and percentage removal capacity of eucalyptus leaf powder were 23.5 mg g⁻¹ and 94%, respectively, at optimized pH 5, 20 ± 1°C, contact time 6 h, particle size 0.5 mm and agitation rate 200 rpm. The biomass surface analysis revealed the fact that the biomass surface was heterogeneous and porous in nature. The functional groups like amine, amide, carboxyl, hydroxyl, and methyl groups, significantly important for metal ion binding were present on biomass surface in tremendous amount. Additionally, the Fourier transformation IR spectrum analysis of acid and base activated eucalyptus leaf biomass ruled out all the possibilities of the presence of surface functional groups mentioned above. The reaction rate was studied by applying two rate limiting models pseudo first and pseudo second order. Pseudo second order model was found to be more suitable (R² = 0.998) in comparison to pseudo first order (R² = 0.724). Adsorption equilibrium of batch stirred reaction data fitting shows the dominance of Langmuir isotherm (R² = 0.99) against Freundlich isotherm (R² = 0.887) model with equipartitional involvement of both film and intra particle diffusion as rate limiting steps at differential status of contact time.  相似文献   

不同注水开发阶段水淹层混合地层水电阻率计算方法     

朱学娟  单沙沙 《地质与资源》2017,26(6):620-624

水淹层混合地层水电阻率是水淹层剩余油饱和度评价必须确定的参数.在开发中后期,注入水会与原始地层水发生离子交换作用,因此不能简单地利用并联导电模型计算混合地层水电阻率,从而增加了计算的困难.首先根据注入水和原始地层水未进行离子交换和离子交换完全两种情况确定出不同的混合地层水电阻率计算方法;再考虑实际注水过程,确定动态的混合地层水电阻率计算模型,在动态模型中利用离子交换率表示不同阶段混合地层水电阻率的变化规律,并提出利用岩电实验和阿尔奇公式确定离子交换率的方法;最后给出混合地层水电阻率在饱和度计算时的应用方法,为定量测井解释的大批量数据处理提供编程思路.  相似文献   

西藏山南地区沉错湖泊与径流水化学特征及主控因素初探   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王利杰  曾辰  王冠星  史晓楠  张凡 《干旱区地理》2017,40(4):737-745

选取枪勇冰川径流-卡鲁雄曲（河）-沉错（湖）为研究区域,开展高原湖泊及其补给河流与冰川径流的水化学特征研究,并探讨影响主离子组成的主控因素。结果表明：夏季湖水主要离子呈均匀混合状态,pH值、电导率、TDS及优势阴阳离子在整个湖泊空间上变化不显著;总体上,从上游冰川融水径流、河水至下游湖泊,离子浓度呈现上升趋势;融水径流及河水的水化学类型主要受岩石风化作用控制,表现为SO₄^2--Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺类型;沉错湖水的水化学类型主要受蒸发结晶作用控制,表现为SO₄^2--Na⁺-Ca²⁺类型,在蒸发作用下Ca²⁺逐渐沉淀析出,Na⁺浓度不断升高而成为绝对优势阳离子。  相似文献   

偏最小二乘法用于多组分的分光光度分析——钙锶钡的同时测定     

刘先国  马聆音  王长庚 《岩矿测试》1992,(4)

文章选用对Ca、Sr、Ba较灵敏的偶氮磺Ⅲ为显色剂,考察了其在不同体系下同Ca、Sr和Ba的络合行为,确定了光度法同时测定的最佳条件。采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)为数学模型,对络合物吸收光谱完全重叠的Ca、Sr、Ba进行了同时测定。方法用于合成样品和实际地质样品的分析,结果满意。  相似文献   

孔隙水中NH_4~+和HPO_4~(2-)浓度异常:一种潜在的天然气水合物地球化学勘查新指标   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

杨涛  蒋少涌  杨竞红  葛璐  凌洪飞  吴能友  陈道华 《现代地质》2005,19(1):55-60

在海洋天然气水合物的勘查与研究中地球化学方法发挥了重大作用。利用海洋沉积物孔隙水中各种离子含量和同位素异常可以有效示踪天然气水合物的存在, 其中Cl-浓度异常、SO42-浓度梯度和氧同位素组成异常已成为指示天然气水合物存在的灵敏示踪剂。通过对比有和没有天然气水合物存在的海域浅表层沉积物中孔隙水的NH4+和HPO42-含量, 发现有天然气水合物区的孔隙水中NH4+和HPO42-浓度明显偏高, 且存在与SO42-类似的浓度梯度曲线, 认为孔隙水中NH4+和HPO42-浓度异常有可能成为一种新的地球化学示踪剂, 指示天然气水合物的存在; 探讨了引起孔隙水中NH +和HPO 2-浓度异常的可能机理及精确测定这些离子含量的方法。  相似文献   

The role of vibrationally excited nitrogen and oxygen in the ionosphere over Millstone Hill during 16-23 March, 1990     

A. V. Pavlov  K.-I. Oyama 《Annales Geophysicae》2000,18(8):957-966

We present a comparison of the observed behavior of the F region ionosphere over Millstone Hill during the geomagnetically quiet and storm period on 16/23 March, 1990, with numerical model calculations from the time-dependent mathematical model of the Earths ionosphere and plasmasphere. The effects of vibrationally excited N₂(v) and O₂(v) on the electron density and temperature are studied using the N₂(v) and O₂(v) Boltzmann and non-Boltzmann distribution assumptions. The deviations from the Boltzmann distribution for the first five vibrational levels of N₂(v) and O₂(v) were calculated. The present study suggests that these deviations are not significant at vibrational levels v = 1 and 2, and the calculated distributions of N₂(v) and O₂(v) are highly non-Boltzmann at vibrational levels v > 2. The N₂(v) and O₂(v) non-Boltzmann distribution assumption leads to the decrease of the calculated daytime NmF2 up to a factor of 1.44 (maximum value) in comparison with the N₂(v) and O₂(v) Boltzmann distribution assumption. The resulting effects of N₂(v > 0) and O₂(v) > 0) on the NmF2 is the decrease of the calculated daytime NmF2 up to a factor of 2.8 (maximum value) for Boltzmann populations of N₂(v) and O₂(v) and up to a factor of 3.5 (maximum value) for non-Boltzmann populations of N₂(v) and O₂(v). This decrease in electron density results in the increase of the calculated daytime electron temperature up to about 1040/1410 K (maximum value) at the F2 peak altitude giving closer agreement between the measured and modeled electron temperatures. Both the daytime and nighttime densities are not reproduced by the model without N₂(v > 0) and O₂(v > 0), and inclusion of vibrationally excited N2 and O2 brings the model and data into better agreement. The effects of vibrationally excited O2 and N2 on the electron density and temperature are most pronounced during daytime.  相似文献