东北现象再解析和东北振兴预判研究——对影响国土空间开发保护格局变化稳定因素的初探   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4  

樊杰  刘汉初  王亚飞  赵艳楠  陈东 《地理科学》2016,36(10):1445-1456

从“东北现象”的新近表现,提出影响国土空间开发保护格局变化的3个稳定因素：资源环境承载能力、地缘关系、文化和体制机制。分别对3个稳定因素在东北地区的特征状况进行了解析,结果表明东北资源环境承载能力本底强,但开发利用效益不佳,突出表现在优化开发区和重点开发区面积过小、限制性开发区收益较低、资源环境承载力预警超载低;位于全球三大经济圈之一的东北亚核心区,地缘优势突出,但未能转换为经济优势,突出表现为外向型经济比重过小、对日韩贸易地位不凸显;文化和体制机制成为限制东北地区发展的核心障碍,突出表现在产业结构不合理、国有经济比重过高。以五大发展理念为指引,结合东北振兴的问题导向,着重对东北地区提高科技创新能力解决发展驱动力的转型、创新国有企业改革模式和促进多种所有制经济协调发展、围绕“一带一路”战略实现开放经济的转型以及腾出国内市场促进东北优势产业继续保持活力、以共享发展理念消除城市贫困增进东北地区民生福祉、采取经济社会生态效益相统一的原则实现东北地区按照主体功能定位进行发展等开展预判研究。  相似文献   

在图形简化中面状目标间拓扑关系渐进式转换的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭庆胜  蔡永香 《测绘科学》2007,32(1):30-31,39

拓扑关系是空间关系中最为重要的关系,在空间抽象中,拓扑关系会发生变化,如何控制这种变化?如何在更抽象的层次上维护空间拓扑关系的一致性,就是一个非常重要的问题。本文以拓扑关系成分抽象的转换方法为基础,研究了面之间拓扑关系的抽象规则,并详细探讨了这些拓扑关系的渐进式转换方法,绘制了相应的面之间基本拓扑关系渐进式转换图。  相似文献   

Geogenic and anthropogenic zinc in epiphytic and terricolous lichens in Finland     

K Takala  R Salminen  H Olkkonen 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1998,63(1):57-66

At 31 sites in Finland the Zn content was determined of the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. growing on pine and birch, the terricolous lichen Cladina spp. in pine bark, and the inner part of birch bark. The anomalous contents of Zn in H. physodes on pine and Cladina spp. in soil appeared to be strongly related to sulphide ore deposits. Anthropogenic Zn correlated closely with S and Fe in H. physodes on pine and with Fe in Cladina spp. The binding of geogenic Zn was related to iron hydroxides, and was attributed to the different uptake mechanism of S in these lichens. Elevated values of Zn in H. physodes on birch were due to both geogenic and anthropogenic sources. Zinc in pine bark increased with the Zn content in H. physodes and reached a limiting value.  相似文献   

引潮位展开中的面球谐函数及其递推公式   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

郗钦文 《地球物理学报》1999,42(1):69-74

为了引潮位展开,文中定义了一种完全规格化的面球谐函数,同时根据勒让德（Ｌｅｇｅｎｄｒｅ）函数以及契比雪夫（Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ）多项式之递推公式,导出一组面球谐函数的递推公式．据此改进引潮位计算程序,使引潮位展开在ＰＣ－５８６计算机上只需要不到１０ｍｉｎ时间即可完成．完全规格化的面球谐函数可以起到规格化的作用,没有必要再继续采用杜德森（Ｄｏｏｄｓｏｎ）规格化．即使采用,也没有必要使用严格的小数值,取其相近的整数值即可．以完全规格化的缔合球谐函数代替Ｄｏｏｄｓｏｎ规格化,并借助面球谐函数的递推公式,使引潮位的表达式更加简洁、规范．文中对高精度潮汐计算中的一些重要问题进行了讨论,指出以往在Ｄｏｏｄｓｏｎ常数归算上存在的误区,还就天体与测站坐标系统的一致性问题进行了讨论．  相似文献   

Groundwater circulation in the allochthonous limestone units between Lake Girdev and Kazanpınarı Spring, Antalya, southwestern Turkey     

Mehmet Çelik  Nail Ünsal 《Hydrogeology Journal》1999,7(5):483-489

 The aim of the study is to investigate the interaction between waters of Lake Girdev and groundwater in the allochthonous limestone units exposed in the area between Lake Girdev and Kazanpınarı Spring, southwestern Turkey. The features analyzed include the flow direction and apparent groundwater velocity, their relationship with Lake Girdev, and the effect of lithological and structural features on the groundwater circulation. The results of a fluorescein tracer test indicate that groundwater flows east-northeast and the apparent flow velocity ranges from 26.2 to 35.6 m h^–1 between the injection site and various observation points. Tritium data suggest that the water of Lake Girdev and groundwater are probably similar in age, and oxygen-18 isotope data indicate that water derived from Lake Girdev is the main source of recharge to the aquifer. The aquifer is fed not only by Lake Girdev but also by rainfall percolating through allochthonous limestones; together, these provide the discharge of springs in Elmalı Polje. The permeability of the allochthonous limestone aquifer has been enhanced as a result of jointing and faulting. Received, June 1997 / Revised, June 1998, March 1999 / Accepted, July 1999  相似文献   

Relation of streams, lakes, and wetlands to groundwater flow systems   总被引：24，自引：10，他引：14  

Thomas C. Winter 《Hydrogeology Journal》1999,7(1):28-45

 Surface-water bodies are integral parts of groundwater flow systems. Groundwater interacts with surface water in nearly all landscapes, ranging from small streams, lakes, and wetlands in headwater areas to major river valleys and seacoasts. Although it generally is assumed that topographically high areas are groundwater recharge areas and topographically low areas are groundwater discharge areas, this is true primarily for regional flow systems. The superposition of local flow systems associated with surface-water bodies on this regional framework results in complex interactions between groundwater and surface water in all landscapes, regardless of regional topographic position. Hydrologic processes associated with the surface-water bodies themselves, such as seasonally high surface-water levels and evaporation and transpiration of groundwater from around the perimeter of surface-water bodies, are a major cause of the complex and seasonally dynamic groundwater flow fields associated with surface water. These processes have been documented at research sites in glacial, dune, coastal, mantled karst, and riverine terrains. Received, April 1998 · Revised, July 1998, August 1998 · Accepted, September 1998  相似文献   

基于简化力学模型的隧道锚极限承载力估值公式     

王东英  汤华  尹小涛  杨光华  姜燕 《岩土力学》2020,41(10):3405-3414

悬索桥隧道式锚碇的设计理念为锚碇夹持岩体协同承载,因而承载能力远超同体积的重力式锚碇。但因目前对围岩协同作用认识尚不充分,在当前隧道式锚碇设计中仍保守地忽略锚碇和岩体间的挤压效应。为弄清锚碇?岩体协同承载的机制,揭示隧道锚承载能力提高的本质,通过分析隧道式锚碇建设至成桥全过程受力,建立隧道锚的简化力学模型,并引用Mindlin应力解分析了荷载沿锚碇轴向的传递规律以及荷载产生的作用于锚碇?岩体间的挤压应力分布,最终给出了隧道式锚碇极限承载力的简化估算方法,并通过伍家岗大桥隧道锚工程实例分析了结果的合理性。所得结论主要有：锚碇?岩体界面力主要由锚碇自重和锚碇?岩体相互挤压产生;锚碇?岩体界面附加应力自后锚面向前锚面呈先增后减的变化趋势,在距后锚面约1/3L处达到应力峰值;以容许抗剪强度为破坏判据解得的伍家岗长江大桥隧道式锚碇的极限承载力为3 504 MN,约为16倍的设计荷载,与室内试验值基本吻合。  相似文献   

基于便携式移动终端的虚拟地理环境协同感知问题研究     

辛欣  游雄  卫伟  张君儒 《测绘工程》2010,19(5):24-28

基于便携式移动终端的虚拟地理环境系统的主要目的,是提供一个便于携带、方便使用并支持多人交互合作的平台,其中用户之间的协同感知必然是多用户进行协同工作的基础。从便携式移动终端的硬件和软件构成着手,从终端到体系构建多移动终端用户虚拟地理环境体系结构,总结便携式移动终端协同感知问题自身的特点,提出基于空间感知的协同模型。  相似文献   

Formulation of a unified constitutive model for clays and sands     

Juan M. Pestana  Andrew J. Whittle 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1999,23(12):1215-1243

This paper presents a new generalized effective stress model, referred to as MIT-S1, which is capable of predicting the rate independent, effective stress–strain–strength behaviour of uncemented soils over a wide range of confining pressures and densities. Freshly deposited sand specimens compressed from different initial formation densities approach a unique condition at high stress levels, referred to as the limiting compression curve (LCC), which is linear in a double logarithmic void ratio, e, mean effective stress space, p′. The model describes irrecoverable, plastic strains which develop throughout first loading using a simple four-parameter elasto-plastic model. The shear stiffness and strength properties of sands in the LCC regime can be normalized by the effective confining pressure and hence can be unified qualitatively, with the well-known behaviour of clays that are normally consolidated from a slurry condition along the virgin consolidation line (VCL). At lower confining pressures, the model characterizes the effects of formation density and fabric on the shear behaviour of sands through a number of key features: (a) void ratio is treated as a separate state variable in the incrementally linearized elasto-plastic formulation: (b) kinematic hardening describing the evolution of anisotropic stress–strain properties: (c) an aperture hardening function controls dilation as a function of ‘formation density’; and (d) the use of a single lemniscate-shaped yield surface with non-associated flow. These features enable the model to describe characteristic transitions from dilative to contractive shear response of sands as the confining pressure increases. This paper summarizes the procedures used to select input parameters for clays and sands, while a companion paper compares model predictions with measured data to illustrate the model capability for describing the shear behaviour of clays and sands. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

附有限制条件的间接平差与附有条件的条件平差的内在联系探讨     

于红波  白明哲  张健雄 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(6):20-22

通过运用附有条件的条件平差原理解算附有限制条件的间接平差模型,以及运用附有限制条件的间接平差原理解算附有条件的条件平差模型,推证得出结论:对于同一个平差问题而言,这两种平差模型是完全等价的,都可作为各种经典平差模型的概括平差模型。  相似文献