A vessel‐deployed passive postlarval collector to assess settlement of the American lobster Homarus americanus     

Richard A. Wahle  Carl Wilson  Matthew Parkhurst  Charlene E. Bergeron 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):465-474

Passive collectors are used widely in postlarval settlement and recruitment monitoring of spiny lobsters and crabs, but they have only been used in a limited way with clawed lobsters. For nearly two decades, diver‐based suction sampling has served to monitor spatial‐temporal patterns of American lobster (Homarus americanus) postlarval settlement and early juvenile abundance in shallow near‐shore nurseries. Collectors could reveal settlement patterns in zones beyond the practical limits of diving. In 2005, we launched a fisher‐scientist collaboration to evaluate the performance of passive collectors designed to extend the reach of sampling, and to be deployable from a vessel equipped with a standard pot‐hauler. Building on previous designs, our collectors comprised wire mesh trays lined with fine screening on the floor and walls and filled with cobble to simulate natural nursery habitat. Results indicate that no newly settled lobsters were lost during the retrieval process, and densities of young‐of‐year lobsters found in the collectors were similar to those in directly adjacent natural cobble habitat sampled by divers with suction samplers. The collectors also proved to be effective samplers of juvenile fish and crabs, suggesting a possibility for wider application. This success bodes well for expanded deployment of cobble collectors to broaden our understanding of the recruitment processes of lobster and other cobble‐dwelling fauna along the coast of New England, United States and Atlantic Canada.  相似文献   

Environmental features and crustacean community of anchihaline hypogean waters on the Kornati islands, Croatia     

Sanja Gottstein  Marija Ivkovi&#;  Ivan&#;ica Ternjej  Branko Jal&#;i&#;  & Mladen Kerovec 《Marine Ecology》2007,28(S1):24-30

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甲壳动物神经肽的结构和功能   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

褚衍亮  姜乃澄  王玥 《海洋学研究》2002,20(1):42-48

甲壳动物神经肽种类多样 ,广泛分布于生物体内的多种组织和器官中 ,已在窦腺中发现了 CHH/MIH/VIH肽家族 ,在围心器官、神经及其它内分泌器官中发现了甲壳动物心激肽、咽侧体抑制素相关肽、速激肽相关肽、Fa RPs、促色素细胞素等多种肽类 ,它们分别对甲壳动物的蜕皮、生殖、血糖浓度、肌肉收缩和色素的迁移等生理功能起着重要的调节作用。综述了在甲壳动物中已被发现并确定其结构的各种神经肽 (CHH/MIH/VIH肽家族除外 )的结构特点和生理功能 ,为进一步加深对神经肽的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

冬季胶州湾及其周边河流中酚类环境激素的分布特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

李正炎  傅明珠  王馨平  高会旺 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(3):451-455

分析青岛胶州湾及其临近河流中丁基酚、辛基酚、二氯酚和双酚A等环境激素的污染特征。结果表明,胶州湾水体中上述4种污染物的浓度分别为<1.2~28.0,<1.2~16.1,<2.7~9.5和<3.8~161.5ng/L;胶州湾沉积物中上述4种污染物的浓度分别为<1.0~1.4,<1.0~2.8,<0.8~1.6和<0.7~5.4ng/g。胶州湾内上述污染物均呈现东高西低的分布格局,说明湾内污染与沿岸工业分布和河流输入密切相关。胶州湾周围河流中上述污染物浓度远远高于湾内,其中墨水河污染最严重。文中同时讨论了酚类环境激素对当地生物的潜在危害。  相似文献   

Decapod crustaceans from the Middle Jurassic Opalinus Clay of northern Switzerland, with comments on crustacean taphonomy     

Walter Etter 《Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae》2004,97(3):381-392

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The Hasan Dagi stratovolcano (Central Anatolia, Turkey): evolution from calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatism in a collision zone   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Catherine Deniel  Erkan Aydar  Alain Gourgaud 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1998,87(1-4)

The Hasan Dagi volcano is one of the two large Plio-Quaternary volcanoes in Cappadocia (Central Anatolia, Turkey). Three stages of edifice construction have been identified for this volcano: Paleovolcano, Mesovolcano and Neovolcano. Most samples from Hasan Dagi volcano are calc-alkaline and define an almost complete trend from basaltic andesite to rhyolite. However, the more recent (Neovolcano) mafic samples are alkaline basalts. The mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the oldest lavas (Keçikalesi (13 Ma) and Paleo-Hasan Dagi (7 Ma)) are significantly different from those of the younger lavas (Meso- and Neo-Hasan Dagi (<1 Ma)). Calcic plagioclase and pigeonite are typically observed in these older lavas. The Paleovolcano basalts are depleted in alkalis and display a tholeiitic tendency whereas the differentiated lavas are depleted in Na₂O but enriched in K₂O compared to younger lavas. There is an evolution through time towards higher TiO₂, Fe₂O₃^*, MgO, Na₂O and K₂O and lower Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ which is reflected in the basalt compositions. All the basalts display multi-element patterns typical of continental margin magmas with a significant enrichment in LILE (K, Rb, Ba and Th) and LREE and strong (Paleovolcano) to moderate (Meso- and Neovolcano) negative Nb, Zr and Ti anomalies. However, the younger basalts are the most enriched in incompatible elements, in agreement with their alkaline affinities and do not systematically display negative HFSE anomalies. REE data suggest an hydrous amphibole-bearing crystallization history for both Meso- and Neovolcano lavas. The distinction between the older and younger lavas is also apparent in trace element ratios such as Nb/Y, Ti/Y and Th/Y. These ratios indicate the role of a subducted component±crustal contamination in the genesis of the Hasan Dagi lavas, particularly for the oldest lavas (Keçikalesi and Paleo-Hasan Dagi). The decreasing influence of this component through time, over the last 6–7 m.y., has been accompanied by an increasing contribution of melt-enriched lithosphere. Although the range of variation of Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic ratios is small (0.70457–0.70515; 0.51262–0.51273; 18.80–18.94; 15.64–15.69; 38.87–39.10), it also reflects the evolution of the magma sources through time. Indeed, the youngest (Neovolcano) and most primitive basalts display significantly lower ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr than the Paleo- and Mesovolcano basalts, whereas the Mesovolcano basalts display more radiogenic Pb than Paleovolcano samples. Magma mixing processes between initially heterogeneous and/or variably contaminated magmas may account for the genesis of the less differentiated and intermediate lavas (48–57% SiO₂). Meso- and Neovolcano differentiated lavas (60–68% SiO₂) are either derived from the analyzed basalts or from more primitive and more depleted magmas by fractional crystallization±some crustal contamination (AFC). Furthermore, the highly differentiated samples (72–75% SiO₂) are not strongly contaminated. The strong calc-alkaline character of Hasan Dagi lavas, in the absence of contemporaneous subduction, must reflect the heritage of the early subduction of the Afro–Arabian plate under the Eurasian plate. The evolution towards alkaline compositions through time is clearly related to the development of extensional tectonics in Central Anatolia in the Late Miocene.  相似文献   

Debris-avalanche deposits of the Milo Lahar sequence and the opening of the Valle del Bove on Etna volcano (Italy)     

Sonia Calvari  Lawrence H. Tanner  Gianluca Groppelli   《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1998,87(1-4)

Previously undescribed debris-avalanche deposits occur in two locations downslope from the open end of the Valle del Bove. These outcrops comprise unstratified, ungraded deposits of metre-scale lava blocks in a matrix of weathered and fractured lava clasts. The avalanche deposits are unconformably overlain by matrix- to clast-supported conglomerates, representing debris-flow and interbedded fluvial deposits, that constitute most of the Milo Lahar sequence. We present evidence that the Milo Lahar sequence, which crops out just at the exit of the Valle del Bove, formed during the opening and enlargement of this depression. The presence of the avalanche deposits at the base of the Milo Lahar sequence indicates that catastrophic landslides were involved in the formation of the Valle del Bove. The composition of lavas in the debris avalanche deposits is similar to that of most of the Ellittico volcanic sequence exposed along the northern wall of the Valle del Bove. Radiocarbon dates of 8400 and 5300 years BP from the base and top, respectively, of the debris-flow sequence indicate that the Milo Lahars are correlative with the exposed part of the Chiancone deposit. The basal lahars of the Chiancone, which contain lava blocks whose compositions partially overlap that of blocks in the avalanche deposits, may have formed by water concentration in the distal end of the avalanche causing transformation to debris, or alternatively by reworking of the avalanche deposit.  相似文献   

Detection of sex and sex ratio in Calanus finmarchicus early stage fifth copepodites     

Crain  J. A.; Miller  C. B. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2000,57(6):1773-1779

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经酶修饰和未经酶修饰的鹌鹑红细胞对甲壳动物血清凝集素凝集活性的差异研究     

戴聪杰  陈寅山  谢进金  吴文林 《海洋科学》2005,29(12):35-37

为寻找凝集素作为分子探针提供基础资料,用12种甲壳动物血清抽提液对天然的或经酶修饰的鹌鹑红细胞进行凝集试验。实验结果表明,经蜗牛酶修饰后的鹌鹑红细胞的凝集作用发生了变化,与未经酶处理的鹌鹑红细胞相比,凝集活性提高的有日本沼虾（Macrobrachium nipponense）等7种,凝集活性下降的有罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergi）等2种。凝集素对动物红细胞的凝集可看作是与这些细胞表面的多糖或糖蛋白——即受体的识别性鲒合,这表明鹌鹑红细胞表面具有12种凝集素的受体,且大多数受体都受到酶修饰的影响,从而在凝集活性上表现出差异。  相似文献   

Effects of temperature and salinity on the development of the amphipod crustacean Eogammarus sinensis     

薛素燕  方建光  张继红  蒋增杰  毛玉泽  赵法箴 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(5):1010-1017

The amphipod crustacean Eogammarus sinensis has useful features that make it suitable for use in the aquaculture of fish and large decapod crustaceans.In this study,we investigated the effects of temperature and salinity on the development,fecundity,survival,and growth rate of E.sinensis.The results show that temperature significantly affected E.sinensis development,but salinity.As temperature increased,the duration of E.sinensis embryonic development decreased.Fecundity was affected significantly by temperature and the combination of temperature and salinity,but by salinity alone.In addition,high temperatures accelerated E.sinensis juvenile growth rates,whereas high salinity reduced it.Therefore,our data suggest that E.sinensis tolerates a wide range of salinities and that temperature has more significant effects than salinity on the embryonic development,fecundity,and growth of E.sinensis.Our results shall be useful for mass production of this species for use in aquaculture.  相似文献