应用PCR-DGGE指纹技术分析高温季节仿刺参养殖水环境中菌群多样性   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

关晓燕  周遵春  陈仲  姜北  汪笑宇  董颖  杨爱馥  邓欢  徐晓红 《海洋湖沼通报》2010,(1)

采用16S rDNA的PCR-DGGE基因指纹技术,于6~9月间,对辽宁普兰店湾2个相邻的刺参养殖池塘进行了养殖水环境中菌群多样性的分析,首先用2216E固体培养基对仿刺参养殖水环境中的细菌总数进行统计,再采用PCR-DGGE指纹技术分析菌群多样性。结果表明,池塘水环境中较高水平的细菌数,且9月为6月的3倍;高温季节刺参养殖水环境中细菌种群较为丰富,其中大多数属于变形菌门;6~9月份样品具有一致的优势菌群,分别为Pseudomonas sp.,Uncul-tureddelta bacterium,Ostreococcus sp.以及Unculturedalpha proteobacterium。同时发现,同一时间采集的样品,有一定的菌群相似性,并在聚类分析图中分别成簇,检测样品的细菌多样性指数在1.7至2.5之间。  相似文献   

Phylogenetic diversity of bacteria associated with the marine sponge Agelas robusta from South China Sea     

SUN Wei  DAI Shikun  WANG Guanghu  XIE Lianwu  JIANG Shumei  LI Xiang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(5):65-73

It is well known that marine sponges harbor large numbers of bacteria, some of which have been proved to be sponge-specific. The diversity of bacteria in marine sponges distributed along the coast of South China Sea has been previously studied but that of bacteria in sponges inhabiting the open sea has been rarely investigated. In this report, the diversity of bacteria associated with the marine sponge Agelas robusta from a remote coral reef in the South China Sea was documented employing 16S rDNA library construction, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and phylogenetic analysis. A total of 32 phylotypes were finally categorized in nine phyla including Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes and Gemmatimonadetes. The dominant phylum was Proteobacteria whereas the dominant genus was Synechococcus in Cyanobacteria. Some spongespecific bacteria were also found in the bacteria population, but the proportion (5 OTUs/32 OTUs) was much lower than other sponges. This study reveals the phylogenetic diversity of bacteria in A. robusta and confirms the presence of some sponge-specific bacteria in the South China Sea. Understanding the diversity of sponge-associated bacteria in China assists to exploit the bacteria resources for biotechnology.  相似文献   

Phylogenetic analysis of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria and their relatives based on farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene     

FENG Fuying  JIAO Nianzhi  DU Hailian  ZENG Yonghui 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(5):82-89

The study aims to reveal phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship between aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAnPB) and their relatives, anaerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AnAnPB) and nonphototrophic bacteria (NPB, which had high homology of 16S rDNA gene with AAnPB and fell into the same genus), and validate reliability and usefulness of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) gene for the phylogenetic determination. FPPS genes with our modified primers and 16S rDNA genes with general primers, were amplified and sequenced or retrieved from GenBank database. In contrast to 16S rDNA gene phylogenetic tree, AAnPB were grouped into two clusters and one branch alone with no intermingling with NPB and AnAnPB in the tree constructed on FPPS. One branch of AAnPB, in both trees, was located closer to outgroup species than AnAnPB, which implicated that some AAnPB would be diverged earlier in FPPS evolutionary history than AnAnPB and NPB. Some AAnPB and NPB were closer located in both trees and this suggested that they were the closer relatives than AnAnPB. Combination codon usage in FPPS with phylogenetic analysis, the results indicates that FPPS gene and 16S rRNA gene have similar evolutionary pattern but the former seems to be more reliable and useful in determining the phylogenic and evolutionary relationship between AAnPB and their relatives. This is the first attempt to use a molecular marker beside 16S rRNA gene for studying the phylogeny of AAnPB, and the study may also be helpful in understanding the evolutionary relationship among phototrophic microbes and the trends of photosynthetic genes transfer.  相似文献   

Estuarine nitrifiers: New players,patterns and processes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Anne E. Bernhard  Annette Bollmann 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

  相似文献   

光合细菌对养殖水质及凡纳滨对虾抗病力的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陆家昌  黄翔鹄  李活  方锐林 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(6):87-91

在凡纳滨对虾养殖环境中人工引入不同浓度的光合细菌,监测氨氮、亚硝酸氮、化学需氧量的变化,15d后测定凡纳滨对虾的AKP、POD、PO、SOD、抗菌、溶菌活力,以及不同光合细菌浓度下凡纳滨对虾的成活率与体重增长率,研究光合细菌对水质和凡纳滨对虾抗病力的影响。结果表明,引入光合细菌可显著降低水体化学需氧量、氨氮含量,并抑制亚硝酸盐氮的产生,提高凡纳滨对虾的抗病力。当光合细菌投放浓度为3×103/mL时,水体中化学需氧量、氨态氮、亚硝酸盐氮含量的均值分别比对照组降低31.59%、43.42%、52.20%,差异显著(P<0.05);对虾的AKP、POD、PO、SOD、抗菌、溶菌活力分别比照组提高31.92%、72.29%、55.56%、31.61%、39.07%、69.51%,差异显著(P<0.05);成活率,体重增长率分别比对照组提高18.67%、34.03%,差异显著(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

珠江口外近海沉积有机质化学及稳定同位素组成的早期成岩改变   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张凌  陈繁荣  杨永强  张德荣 《海洋学报》2008,30(5):43-51

理解早期成岩过程中有机质的化学和同位素分馏对于研究海洋和湖泊环境中的生物地球化学过程是很重要的。将珠江口外近海生物成因有机质分为可水解氨基酸、碳水化合物、脂类和酸不溶四个部分,分析了有机质的化学和同位素组成(δ13C,δ15N),借以讨论沉积有机质在埋藏的早期成岩过程中所发生的化学和同位素改变,结果表明,从浮游生物→悬浮颗粒物→表层沉积物→沉积柱内部,易降解组分可水解氨基酸、碳水化合物、脂类占样品总有机碳的份额依次降低。沉积物及四个有机部分的稳定碳同位素组成在纵向上随深度保持相对恒定,而在不同有机部分之间差异明显。不同类型有机物的分解速率差异在改变有机质化学成分的同时,导致其δ13C发生小幅度负向漂移;细菌有机质的形成和分解对有机质化学成分和同位素组成演化也有重要贡献,并且在一定程度上抵消了上述δ13C的负向漂移,其结果导致沉积有机质的δ13C略低于浮游生物;另一方面,由于异养菌生长过程中的氮同位素分馏系数与可利用氮源的特征和培养基的性质等多种因素有关,导致沉积物的δ15N变化范围增大。在这里δ13C可以可靠地指示该海域沉积有机质的来源,而δ15N变化范围较大且规律不明显,难以用作沉积有机质来源的指示。  相似文献   

Degradation of phytoplankton-derived organic matter: Implications for carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry in coastal ecosystems     

Michael S. Wetz  Burke Hales  Patricia A. Wheeler 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Experiments were conducted using seawater from the Oregon continental shelf to determine: (1) rates of phytoplankton-derived particulate organic matter (POM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) degradation by natural microbial communities, and (2) whether inorganic nutrients or flagellate grazing limit the bacterial response to, and subsequent degradation of, the DOM. In the initial seawater samples, nutrients were depleted and organic matter concentrations were elevated above concentrations found in upwelled water, indicative of recent bloom conditions. In whole water treatments incubated for 3 d, an average of 24% of the total organic C and 33% of the POC was degraded, with some portion of the POC being converted to DOC. In treatments incubated after POM was removed by filtration, DOC degradation was initially rapid and then proceeded at a slower rate. After 3 d, an average of 41% of the DOC was degraded. Selective degradation of the C-component of both the POM and DOM relative to the N-component was observed. Reductions in flagellate grazing resulted in increases in bacterial abundance and enhanced DOC degradation, while inorganic nutrient amendments had little effect. Overall, these results suggest that a fraction of the phytoplankton-derived POM and DOM can be rapidly degraded, contributing to oxygen consumption on the continental shelf. The long degradation time of a less labile DOC fraction relative to potential offshelf transport mechanisms suggests that Oregon's coastal waters may be a source of DOC to adjacent offshore waters of the North Pacific.  相似文献   

杂色鲍鲍苗“掉板症”病因的探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王江勇  刘广锋  徐力文  王瑞旋  陈毕生 《海洋湖沼通报》2008,(3)

针对目前杂色鲍育苗过程中出现的大规模死亡进行了流行病学调查,结果显示,在整个育苗周期内,病害均可发生,死亡率达100%,监测了水质理化因子、原生动物、寄生虫及病原微生物,水质理化因子、原生动物等与鲍苗死亡有一定关系,但不是主要原因;在鲍苗体内分离到的细菌及感染试验结果验证细菌是引起杂色鲍幼苗死亡的主要原因.  相似文献   

一株溶藻细菌（Pseudoalteromonas sp．）的分离鉴定及溶藻活性初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄姿  李春强  于晓玲  廖文彬  孙建波  彭明 《海洋技术学报》2008,27(3)

从海南洋浦港沉积物中分离到一株具有较强溶藻活性的细菌(编号Z3).通过对该菌株进行形态和生理测试以及16SrDNA序列分析,初步鉴定此菌为交替假单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas sp.).该菌对链状亚历山大藻(Alexan-drium catenella)和塔马亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)有溶藻活性,对锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)的生长无影响,表明菌株Z3溶藻活性具有种属特异性.通过该菌的菌体悬浮液和除去菌体滤液对链状亚历山大藻实验表明,此菌株具既有直接溶藻作用又有间接溶藻活性.  相似文献   

一株可诱导海带配子体产生白化病的细菌的分离与鉴定          下载免费PDF全文

韩宜晓  任艺飞  庄英瑞  陈尧  钟秋连  邱其樱  陈德福  王高歌 《海洋科学》2023,47(7):53-64

海带(Saccharina japonica)是一种重要的经济养殖海藻。中国海带与褐藻胶的产量分别占世界总产量的60%和90%。与高等农作物相似,在海带育苗及养殖过程中常常会暴发病害,严重时可造成20%~50%的减产。分离、鉴定致病菌及其致病因子是预防和控制病害发生的前提条件。由于海藻的致病菌大多是条件致病菌,迄今为止,海带致病菌的分离和鉴定仍是一个瓶颈问题。本研究运用传统微生物分离培养方法从脱苗病海带幼苗藻体分离出一株致病菌LJ2-4,经过复染实验及科赫法则验证,证实该菌株在实验室条件下可使健康海带雌、雄配子体产生白化的病症。LJ2-4菌落圆形、边缘完整,呈浅橙色。扫描电镜和透射电镜观察表明:LJ2-4菌体呈球形/杆状,长0.5~1.2µm,宽0.4~0.7µm无鞭毛。经16S rDNA分子鉴定,其与Planococcus okeanokoites IFO 12536^T的相似性为99.45%。结合LJ 2-4的生理生化特性,将该菌株命名为Planomicrobium okeanokoites LJ2-4。P.okeanokoites LJ2-4是在实验室条件下可引起健康海带配子体产生白化病的条件致病菌。本研究为海带致病菌致病机理的研究奠定了前期工作基础,同时也可为预防与控制海带苗期脱苗病的暴发提供理论依据。  相似文献