Effect of tooth spacing and mesh size on the catch of the Portuguese clam and razor clam dredge   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Gaspar  M. B.; Castro  M.; Monteiro  C. C. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1999,56(1):103-110

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养殖鱼类本尼登虫病的防治方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐世宏  李军  李海汇  刘丹运 《海洋科学》2006,30(12):10-12

介绍了在鱼类养殖过程中本尼登虫病的病原体、症状、流行情况。采用甲醛处理方法,清除了寄生于养殖鱼体表的本尼登虫(Benedenia seriolae)。8天后镜检,养殖鱼体表的本尼登虫全部脱落,摄食恢复正常。甲醛药浴法适合于工厂化养殖过程中本尼登虫病的治疗,解决了工厂化养鱼过程中因本尼登虫病的发生而导致的养殖鱼的死亡问题。  相似文献   

背角无齿蚌滤食对营养盐和浮游藻类结构影响的模拟   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

杨东妹  陈宇炜  刘正文  吴庆龙 《湖泊科学》2008,20(2):228-234

利用微型生态系统研究背角无齿蚌（Anodonta woodiana）高密度养殖情况下对微型生态系统水柱中不同形态氮磷浓度和浮游藻类群落结构的影响,结果显示蚌的高强度滤食：（1）减少微型生态系统中悬浮态氮的含量,明显增加厂水柱中的溶解性氮、磷含量,但是对总氮、总磷和正磷酸盐含量没有显著影响;（2）显著减少所有浮游藻类的数量和生物量,提高水体透明度,同时迅速改变微型生态系统中浮游藻类的群落结构,降低了微囊藻等蓝藻的数量及其所占的相对百分比,而绿藻所占的比例迅速上升;（3）导致微型生态系统的生态结构发生了显著变化,上行效应（Bottom-up effects）在浮游藻类与营养盐的关系方面发生了变化,实验组水柱中氮、磷含量与浮游藻类的相关关系显著降低;（4）并不能有效降低微型生态系统的富营养水平．  相似文献   

重金属污染水的双壳处理法初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

庞艳春  林丽  朱利东  付修根  王新利 《地质科技情报》2006,25(1):73-76,82

根据生物成矿作用原理以及热液生物群与多金属硫化物共生的关系提出了双壳生物治理重金属污染水的可能性.实验模拟结果表明,双壳对某些重金属元素具有很强的富集能力,能够在一定程度上降低环境污染指数,说明双壳处理法治理重金属污染水是可行的,尤其是针对矿山污染水;双壳处理法的实施过程中受重金属离子质量浓度与温度范围的限制,其对不同重金属离子的富集也具有一定的选择性.  相似文献   

漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma)养殖群体微卫星座位遗传多态性的分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

尤锋  王伟  吴志昊  徐冬冬  许建和  倪静  孙威  张培军  徐永立  杨学宋  孙寿科 《海洋科学进展》2006,24(2):195-202

为了解漠斑牙鲆群体的遗传背景,并为漠斑牙鲆人工养殖业健康和可持续发展提供理论依据,利用筛选获得的10对微卫星引物对漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma)养殖群体进行了群体遗传学分析。该群体等位基因平均数为4.0,平均杂合度为0.597 7。各多态座位的有效等位基因数则为1.7~4.1,多态座位杂合度的观察值为0.291 7~0.958 3,无偏倚期望值范围为0.405 3~0.755 3,Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数为-0.451 7~0.346 6。每个座位上的多态信息含量为0.353~0.746,个体识别率为0.176~0.559,非父排除率为0.405~0.755,其累积个体识别率和非父排除率均达到0.999 9和0.993 7,这些座位均属中识别力以上的遗传标记,可以应用于今后的漠斑牙鲆的遗传育种(如雌核发育等)研究。  相似文献   

Prey preference of the common long-armed octopus Octopus minor(Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) on three different species of bivalves     

SONG Minpeng  WANG Jinhai  ZHENG Xiaodong 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(5):1595-1603

Octopus minor is widely distributed along the northern coast of China. To date, there is little information on the prey selection process of this species. To understand this process, several experiments were carried out. Three types of bivalves, namely, Ruditapes philippinarum , Mactra chinensis , and Mytilus galloprovincialis , were used to observe the prey selection of O . minor and to analyze the potential causes of prey selection from three aspects: prey profi tability, adductor muscle tension and handling time. Under single-prey conditions, we found that the average (±SD) predation rates of O . minor on R . philippinarum , M . chinensis , and M . galloprovincialis were 1.73±0.50, 1.27±0.42, and 0.8±0.2/d, respectively. Under diff erent prey combinations, octopods actively selected one type of prey over the other(s), and the order of prey preference was R . philippinarum , followed by M . chinensis and lastly M. galloprovincialis . Furthermore, the shells of the consumed prey showed that O . minor only consumed bivalves by pulling them apart since there was no evidence of drill holes on the shells. The prey selection of O . minor was related to the prey profi tability and handling time;O . minor appeared to select preys with a higher profi tability and a shorter handling time. However, the diffi culty in opening the bivalve was not consistent with the prey preference of the octopods. These results suggest that O . minor prefers to consume R . philippinarum possibly due to a high profi tability and a short handling time that supports the optimum Foraging Theory.  相似文献   

A pilot study of genetic differentiation between two phenotypes of a Mediterranean population of the bivalve Cerastoderma glaucum and genetic discrimination with other Cerastoderma glaucum and Cerastoderma edule populations outside the Mediterranean     

Rim Ladhar‐Chaabouni  Amel Hamza‐Chaffai  Yann Hardivillier  Benoît Chénais  Françoise Denis 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(2):355-363

The internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region of 29 individuals of Cerastoderma glaucum (from the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic and the North Sea) and 18 individuals of Cerastoderma edule (from the Atlantic and the North Sea) and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region of 43 individuals of C. glaucum (from the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic and the North Sea) and 9 individuals of C. edule (from the Atlantic and the North Sea) were PCR amplified and sequenced. The ITS1 sequences led us to describe 27 genetic haplotypes, while 21 genetic haplotypes were determined via the COI sequences. The ITS1 and the COI sequences revealed an important genetic variability within the Mediterranean population of C. glaucum, which contained two different phenotypes: orange foot and yellow foot. A genetic differentiation between the two phenotypes was revealed by the nucleotide diversity index (π) and is strengthened by the AMOVA analysis. This result leads us to suspect the presence of two different groups in the same population of C. glaucum. Nevertheless to be confirmed this hypothesis requires further studies using more locations and a larger number of sample sizes.  相似文献   

漠斑牙鲆养殖群体RAPD遗传多样性的初步分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

尤锋  吴志昊  王伟  徐冬冬  许建和  倪静  孙威  张培军  徐永立  杨学宋  孙寿科 《海洋科学》2006,30(2):86-90

利用RAPD技术对由美国引进的漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma)养殖子一代群体的遗传多样性进行了研究。实验用漠斑牙鲆鱼苗于2004年10月取自山东莱州大华水产有限公司,共24尾,全长平均为16.6 mm±1.99 mm。活体取其肌肉,用高盐法抽提获得总DNA,琼脂糖电泳检测,Beckman DU-6100型紫外分光光度仪定量后用随机引物进行PCR扩增,从25个随机引物中筛选出11个用于群体遗传学分析,共获得77条清晰重复性高的DNA片段,大小在100~2 000 bp之间,多态谱带比例和群体平均杂合度分别为66.23%和0.352 6。  相似文献   

牙鲆野生群体与养殖群体的遗传多样性分析   总被引：33，自引：2，他引：33  

张全启  徐晓斐  齐洁  王兴莲  包振民 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(5):816-820

利用AFLP技术对荣成野生群体和养殖群体牙鲆进行遗传多样性分析和比较。实验采用 7对引物组合在 2个群体中共扩增出 797个位点 ,其中多态位点数为 43 3个 ,占总位点数的 5 4.2 7%。各引物组合在 2个群体中的扩增位点数目和多态位点比例有较大不同 ,但养殖群体的总扩增位点数和多态位点比例均低于野生群体 ,野生群体和养殖群体的平均多态位点率分别为 46.18%和 40 .0 7% ,其中 ,E3 8M 5 0引物组合在两群体中扩增的多态位点比例差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。养殖群体中低频位点明显减少而隐性纯合基因位点显著增加。群体遗传结构分析表明 ,两群体间的遗传距离比较小 ,群体遗传结构相似 ,说明养殖群体尚没有形成自己独立的遗传结构。  相似文献   

塔玛亚历山大藻对海产双壳类生命活动的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

周名江  颜天  傅萌  王云峰  于仁诚  李钧 《海洋学报》2004,26(2):81-86

通过一种重要有毒赤潮藻——产麻痹性贝毒毒素PSP的塔玛亚历山大藻对几种海产双壳类主要发育阶段:受精卵、D形幼虫、眼点幼虫、稚贝、仔贝和成贝生命活动的影响研究,发现该藻对双壳类孵化率、存活率、运动能力、滤食率和生长都有影响,毒性效应与藻密度有明显的相关关系.该藻对受精卵的抑制作用在100个/cm3的密度下最显著,36h后孵化率仅为对照组的30%.进一步的逐项毒性筛选实验表明此毒性来源于藻液、藻细胞和细胞碎片,而与去藻过滤液、藻细胞内容物、标准毒素STX无关,由此可以证实塔玛亚历山大藻确能产生一类非PSP毒素,并与细胞表面的未知毒素相关.  相似文献