Effects of freshwater Synechococcus sp. cyanobacteria pH buffering on CaCO3 precipitation: Implications for CO2 sequestration     

《Applied Geochemistry》2016

In the present study, a mixed-flow steady-state bio-reactor was designed to biomineralize CO₂ as a consequence of photosynthesis from active Synechococcus sp. Dissolved CO₂, generated by constant air bubbling of inorganic and cyanobacteria stock solutions, was the only source of inorganic carbon. The release of hydroxide ion by cyanobacteria from photosynthesis maintained highly alkaline pH conditions. In the presence of Ca²⁺ and carbonate species, this led to calcite supersaturation under steady state conditions. Ca²⁺ remained constant throughout the experiments showing the presence of steady state conditions. Similarly, the Synechococcus sp. biomass concentration remained stable within uncertainty. A gradual pH decrease was observed for the highest Ca²⁺ condition coinciding with the formation of CaCO₃. The high degree of supersaturation, under steady-state conditions, contributed to the stabilization of calcite and maintained a constant driving force for the mineral nucleation and growth. For the highest Ca²⁺ condition a fast crystal growth rate was consistent with rapid calcite precipitation as suggested further by affinity calculations. Although saturation state based kinetic precipitation models cannot accurately reflect the controls on crystal growth kinetics or reliably predict growth mechanisms, the relatively reaction orders obtained from modeling of calcite precipitation rates as function of decreasing carbonate concentration suggest that the precipitation occurred via surface-controlled rate determining reactions. These high reaction orders support in addition the hypothesis that crystal growth proceeded through complex surface controlled mechanisms. In conclusion, the steady state supersaturated conditions generated by a constant cyanobacteria biomass and metabolic activity strongly suggest that these microorganisms could be used for the development of efficient CO₂ sequestration methods in a controlled large-scale environment.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部奥陶系马五₁₊₂微生物碳酸盐岩沉积特征及储集意义     

熊鹰  姚泾利  李凌  侯云东  肖笛  聂万才  赵东方  谭秀成 《沉积学报》2016,34(5):963-972

基于岩芯、薄片及物性资料,研究鄂尔多斯盆地东北部奥陶系马五₁₊₂微生物岩沉积特征及其油气储集意义。研究区发育有不同规模的由蓝细菌群落构成的微生物碳酸盐岩建造,由叠层石、菌纹层白云岩、蓝细菌凝块岩以及菌黏结颗粒岩构成了藻坪和微生物丘建造。微生物丘纵向上建造规模较小,单旋回厚度一般小于1 m,发育于潮下高能环境,并由花斑状砂屑云岩、蓝细菌凝块岩、菌黏结砂屑云岩、菌纹层白云岩构成了丘基-丘核-丘坪的向上变浅序列,也常与颗粒滩相伴生构成丘滩复合体。其中,发育于丘核部位的蓝细菌凝块岩和菌黏结砂屑云岩中窗格孔和粒间孔发育,表现为中孔低渗特征,可作为盆地东北部的储集岩之一。  相似文献   

Ship-of-opportunity based phycocyanin fluorescence monitoring of the filamentous cyanobacteria bloom dynamics in the Baltic Sea   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

J. Seppl  P. Ylstalo  S. Kaitala  S. Hllfors  M. Raateoja  P. Maunula 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):489-500

Distribution of cyanobacteria cannot be evaluated using chlorophyll a (Chla) in vivo fluorescence, as most of their Chla is located in non-fluorescing photosystem I. Phycobilin fluorescence, in turn, is noted as a useful tool in the detection of cyanobacterial blooms. We applied phycocyanin (PC) fluorometer in the monitoring of the filamentous cyanobacterial bloom in the Baltic Sea. For the bloom forming filamentous cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Nodularia spumigena, PC fluorescence maximum was identified using the excitation–emission fluorescence matrix. Consequently, the optical setup of our instrument was noted to be appropriate for the detection of PC, and with minor or no interference from Chla and phycoerythrin fluorescence, respectively.During summer 2005, the instrument was installed on a ferryboat commuting between Helsinki (Finland) and Travemünde (Germany), and data were collected during 32 transects providing altogether 200 000 fluorescence records. PC in vivo fluorescence was compared with Chla in vivo fluorescence and turbidity measured simultaneously, and with Chla concentration and biomass of the bloom forming filamentous cyanobacteria determined from discrete water samples.PC fluorescence showed a linear relation to the biomass of the bloom forming filamentous cyanobacteria, and the other sources of PC fluorescence are considered minor in the open Baltic Sea. Estimated by PC fluorescence, cyanobacterial bloom initiated late June at the Northern Baltic Proper, rapidly extended to the central Baltic Proper and the Gulf of Finland, and peaked in the mid-July with values up to 10 mg l⁻¹ (fresh weight). In late July, bloom vanished in most areas.During single transects, or for the whole summer, the variability in Chla concentrations was explained more by PC fluorescence than by Chla fluorescence. Thus, filamentous cyanobacteria dominated the overall variability in phytoplankton biomass. Consequently, we show that during the cyanobacterial blooms, the estimation of Chla concentration using only Chla in vivo fluorescence is not applicable, but PC in vivo fluorescence is required as a predictor as well.  相似文献   

Long chain glycolipids with pentose head groups as biomarkers for marine endosymbiotic heterocystous cyanobacteria     

《Organic Geochemistry》2015

Marine endosymbiotic heterocystous cyanobacteria make unique heterocyst glycolipids (HGs) containing pentose (C₅) moieties. Functionally similar HGs with hexose (C₆) moieties found in free-living cyanobacteria occur in the sedimentary record, but C₅ HGs have not been documented in the natural environment. Here we developed a high performance liquid chromatography multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS²) method specific for trace analysis of long chain C₅ HGs and applied it to cultures of Rhizosolenia clevei Ostenfeld and its symbiont Richelia intracellularis which were found to contain C₅ HGs and no C₆ HGs. The method was then applied to suspended particulate matter (SPM) and surface sediment from the Amazon plume region known to harbor marine diatoms carrying heterocystous cyanobacteria as endosymbionts. C₅ HGs were detected in both marine SPM and surface sediments, but not in SPM or surface sediment from freshwater settings in the Amazon basin. Rather, the latter contained C₆ HGs, established biomarkers for free-living heterocystous cyanobacteria. Our results indicate that the C₅ HGs may be potential biomarkers for marine endosymbiotic heterocystous cyanobacteria.  相似文献   

太湖越冬蓝藻空间分布的初步研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

季健  孔繁翔  于洋  张民  阳振  钱善勤  吴晓东 《湖泊科学》2009,21(4):490-494

为确定2007-2008年冬季蓝藻在太湖各个湖区的分布及其变化规律,在冬季逐月对太湖主要湖区14个位点采集底泥和水样,应用荧光分析法测定样品中藻蓝素含量,以确定冬季太湖各个湖区的藻蓝素分布状况,比较冬季太湖各个湖区水体和底泥中蓝藻的分布差异.实验结果说明与夏季情况不同,相对于西南太湖水域,2007-2008年冬季北太湖水体和底泥中的蓝藻含量均较低,而西南湖区部分区域12月仍出现了蓝藻的聚集,底泥表面的藻蓝素含量也较高,说明调查期间,冬季越冬蓝藻主要分布于西太湖和南太湖.  相似文献   

巢湖西湖心底泥蓝藻对水体蓝藻生物量的贡献     

史小丽  范帆  张民  阳振  陈开宁 《湖泊科学》2020,32(5):1446-1453

2018年10月-2019年10月对巢湖西湖心水体浮游藻类群落结构以及水体和底泥蓝藻生物量进行了月度调查.结果表明:巢湖西湖心浮游藻类的主要优势种属为微囊藻属、席藻属、十字藻、卵形隐藻和鱼腥藻属.蓝藻优势种属在5-10月为微囊藻属,11-12月为鱼腥藻属,1-4月为席藻属.巢湖水体和底泥蓝藻生物量峰值分别出现在9月和2月,水体蓝藻的衰亡下沉会导致底泥蓝藻生物量的上升.巢湖蓝藻主要分布在水体,底泥蓝藻生物量相对较低,单位面积水柱与底泥蓝藻生物量6月的比值大于100,在11-3月相对较低,最低值小于2.底泥蓝藻主要分布在底泥表层0～2 cm.通过安装原位捕获器,监测了蓝藻在西巢湖湖心水柱和底泥中的垂直迁移过程和通量.结果表明:11月和2月蓝藻有明显从水柱向底泥迁移的过程;底泥蓝藻全年向水体的静态迁移量都很低,而动态迁移在11月和6月出现两个峰值,主要受底泥蓝藻生物量和再悬浮的影响.本研究结果表明削减巢湖西湖心底泥种源的最佳时期为10月至来年2月,但是由于底泥蓝藻生物量远远小于水柱蓝藻生物量,底泥蓝藻向水体复苏迁移的通量也较低,即使削减了底泥种源,也不能有效降低水体蓝藻生物量.  相似文献   

富营养化湖库天-空-地一体化监控平台系统设计与实践     

段洪涛  万能胜  邱银国  刘刚  陈青  罗菊花  陈远  齐天赐 《湖泊科学》2020,32(5):1396-1405

湖泊和水库是我国的主要饮用水源地,但大都处于富营养化状态,蓝藻水华频发,已成为影响社会稳定、制约区域社会经济可持续发展的重大问题.蓝藻水华的整体应对策略,已经从被动应急转变为主动防御;但要做到主动防御,必须有现代化全方位的蓝藻灾害监测监控手段和体系,及时掌握蓝藻水华及其衍生灾害现状和动向,在未发生或者刚发生时及时觉察.本文针对富营养化湖库富营养化引起的蓝藻水华应急监控问题,按照"整个湖体、重点区域、关键位置"3个监测层次,利用中高分辨率卫星、无人机、岸基/平台视频、自动浮标、人工巡测等技术或手段,围绕"现状掌握、异常报警、原因追溯"的建设目标,提出了天-空-地一体化监控系统建设框架,明确了不同手段的协同方式和业务流程,并正在巢湖进行应用实践.相信本文提出的系统架构不仅在巢湖,在更多的富营养化湖库都具有重要的应用和推广价值.  相似文献   

噬藻体对蓝藻种群密度的调控及其对水体中物质循环的影响     

张奕妍  黄兰兰  王夕予  丁士明  刘子鹤  童银栋 《湖泊科学》2022,34(2):376-390

噬藻体是环境中一类以蓝藻为主要宿主的浮游病毒.由于其能特异性裂解蓝藻细胞,因而成为蓝藻种群密度的重要生物调控因子,并被探讨用作蓝藻水华的潜在生物治理方案.噬藻体与蓝藻的相互作用机制可以降低宿主细胞丰度、改变浮游生物群落构成,促进碳、氮、磷等关键生命元素在水体中的生物地球化学循环过程.本文总结了近60年来分离的噬藻体及其...  相似文献   

富营养化水体浮游植物遥感监测研究进展     

来莱  张玉超  景园媛  刘兆敏 《湖泊科学》2021,33(5):1299-1314

随着湖泊流域经济的快速发展,蓝藻水华频繁暴发的现象越来越严重,水体富营养化已经成为国内外重大环境问题.浮游植物是水体的初级生产者,是衡量水体富营养化程度的主要指标之一,遥感技术则是探测水体浮游植物时空分布的重要手段.在收集整理近千篇国内外水体浮游植物遥感研究论文的基础上,从卫星数据源、研究内容及研究方法等角度,总结了遥感技术在富营养化湖泊浮游植物监测应用的历史进展、研究重点及发展趋势.研究表明,现有的富营养化水体浮游植物遥感研究,以湖泊蓝藻水华问题为切入点,研究视角由水体表层(藻华面积、色素浓度)转至水下三维(藻总量),研究方法从定性识别转向定量反演,研究内容从监测蓝藻水华推进到探测不同类群蓝藻,逐渐形成了以应用为导向,"MODIS/VIIRS大中型湖泊日常监测—GF/Sentinel2小型湖泊针对性监测—无人机应急监测"的浮游植物遥感综合监测体系.上述研究梳理了富营养化水体浮游植物遥感监测湖泊水环境学科的发展动向,以期为从事蓝藻水华生态灾害监测和预警人员提供重要的技术支撑和理论参考.  相似文献   

秋季聚积蓝藻打捞对蓝藻生长及水质影响的原位实验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈丙法  冯慕华  尚丽霞  柯凡  吴晓东  李勇 《湖泊科学》2016,28(2):253-262

在巢湖西北半湖近岸设置3组小型围隔模拟秋季湖岸带蓝藻聚积,并用单片鳃式过滤器原位打捞蓝藻,研究秋季打捞对蓝藻生长的影响及其对营养盐、藻源性有机物的控制效应.初始围隔水体叶绿素a浓度为309.5±3.7μg/L,总氮和总磷浓度分别为3.32±0.14和0.30±0.04 mg/L.蓝藻衰亡分解释放的藻源性有机物为水体溶解性有机物的主要来源,荧光有机物以类蛋白物质为主.经过打捞,浮游植物生物量削减了41.7%,解除了蓝藻生长"密度制约",24 h细胞分裂频率及原位生长速率均增大,说明打捞在短期内增强蓝藻细胞生长活力,减缓藻源性有机物的释放.与秋季蓝藻衰亡趋势一致,实验周期内围隔中叶绿素a浓度逐渐降低,秋季打捞不会造成蓝藻水华再次暴发.打捞通过削减蓝藻生物量,使水体初级生产力、氮、磷、高锰酸盐指数得到显著控制;而且打捞还可以控制藻源性有机物的释放,使藻源性大分子有机物更易降解为小分子有机物.因此,在秋季对湖岸带聚积蓝藻进行物理打捞,不仅可以控制蓝藻生物量,还可以有效控制营养盐和有机物的释放,降低生态风险.  相似文献