鄂尔多斯盆地西北部石千峰组沉积特征及沉积—层序模式     

张翔  田景春  陈洪德  侯明才  刘娟 《地层学杂志》2008,32(4)

根据沉积学、地球物理和地球化学等标志,确定研究区石千峰组为辫状河、曲流河、三角洲和湖泊的沉积类型。在沉积特征研究的基础上,进行层序界面的识别和划分,进而在研究区石千峰组内划分并识别出短期、中期、长期、超长期4种类型的旋回层序。通过对各级别层序特征的详细研究,表明中期基准面旋回与沉积体系有很好的响应关系,表现为辫状河和曲流河具有A1和A2型中期基准面变化特征,三角洲平原、三角洲前缘和湖泊沉积分别具有C1、C2、C3和B型的响应特征。结合研究区石千峰期由北至南发育河流—三角洲—湖泊的古地理展布特征,最终将这些丰富的地质信息以沉积—层序模式进行了概括,表现为由北至南发育河流—三角洲—湖泊的沉积类型,具有A1-A2-C1-C2-C3-B型的层序响应特征。建立的这样一套等时模式,能更详尽的了解研究区生储盖的时空配置关系,为下一步油气勘探提供地质依据。  相似文献   

Facies architecture and cyclicity in a mosaic carbonate platform: effects of fault-block tectonics (Lower Lias, Causses platform, south-east France)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

YOURI HAMON†  GILLES MERZERAUD 《Sedimentology》2008,55(1):155-178

In the Causses platform (south‐east France), Late Hettangian to Sinemurian deposits were interpreted previously as shallow‐water carbonate ramp deposits. A new look at these deposits has shown a fault‐controlled mosaic carbonate platform that is different from the carbonate ramp models. Within the platform mosaic, 15 lithofacies have been recognized, which are organized in four facies associations, including peritidal, restricted shallow sub‐tidal, sand dunes and sub‐tidal shelf facies associations. The rapid lateral and vertical facies changes, and the lack of consistent landward or seaward direction indicated by the pattern of facies changes, question the existence of a shoreline suggested by the traditional models for this region. Instead, the facies organization and cycle stacking pattern suggest deposition in a mosaic of intertidal islands between which sub‐tidal restricted or open conditions could coexist in very close proximity. Such a platform mosaic would have been defined by tectonic activities along normal faults which segmented the shallow‐water Causses platform. The facies and facies associations are arranged into metre‐scale, peritidal and sub‐tidal cycles that are also variable. Certain cycles show the same stacking pattern in all the sections and seem to be traceable over tens of kilometres. On the contrary, other cycles cannot be correlated; they are present only in specific sections and have a maximum lateral extension of 1 or 2 km. These metre‐scale cycles stack to form four medium‐scale cycles bounded by surfaces that display sub‐aerial exposure features. Medium‐scale cycles stack into two larger‐scale cycles (tens of metres thick) and are bounded by well‐defined karstic surfaces. Based on their lateral continuity and their stacking pattern, the metre‐scale cycles are controlled probably by high frequency eustatic variations overprinting the topographic irregularities formed by differential subsidence of fault‐bounded blocks. Episodic fault activities may reorganize the topography so that, even if eustatic changes may still be the major control of cycles, the expression and number of cycles could be different. Cycles of medium and large‐scale are interpreted as being allogenic, controlled by changes in eustasy and/or subsidence rates as evidenced by their lateral continuity and the correlations of the large‐scale cycles with third‐order depositional sequences.  相似文献   

Variations in the strength of recurrent geomagnetic activity in solar cycles 11 to 21     

G. K. Rangarajan 《Journal of Earth System Science》1991,100(1):49-54

From maximum entropy spectral analysis (MESA) of short lengths ofAa indices of geomagnetic activity, the characteristics of the strength of the 27-day and 13.5-day signals for each of the solar cycles 11 to 21 are highlighted. It is shown that the 13.5-day signal is a near permanent feature in geomagnetic activity. The Hale-cycle (22 yr) effect could be seen in the average magnitude of the 27-day signal with greater strengths in the even cycles. No clear annual variation in the strength is noticed, contrary to some earlier known results.  相似文献   

Quaternary changes in delivery and accumulation of organic matter in sediments of Lake Biwa, Japan     

Philip A. Meyers  Keiji Takemura 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1997,18(3):211-218

A 911-m-long sediment core from Lake Biwa, Japan, provides a record of organic matter delivery and accumulation in this large lake during a succession of tectonic and climatic changes dating back to the latest Pliocene. Sediments deposited since 430 ky are profundal; older sediments vary in setting between shallow-water and fluviodeltaic conditions, with occasional deep-water intervals. C/N ratios identify algal production as the dominant source of organic matter throughout the core, although the proportion of land-derived contributions episodically increases in the fluviodeltaic and shallow-water sediments. Rates of organic matter delivery and burial in lake sediments change in response to glacial-interglacial climate changes over the past 430 ky. Sediments deposited during interglacial intervals have organic carbon mass accumulation rates up to 9 times greater than those from glacial intervals, reflecting interglacial climates that were wetter than glacial climates. Algal production of organic matter increased during interglacial times because of greater wash-in of soil nutrients, and organic matter preservation was enhanced because of faster sedimentation rates.  相似文献   

南沙海区晚第四纪的碳酸盐旋回   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

汪品先  卞云华  翦知湣 《第四纪研究》1997,17(4):293-300

根据水深200～2 800m范围内的17个沉积柱状样分析结果,讨论南沙海区晚第四纪沉积中碳酸钙相对含量的垂向和横向变化。南沙海区的碳酸盐旋回普遍属于"大西洋型",冰期时含量低、间冰期含量高,反映出陆源物输入量的控制作用。在平面上,南沙海区的碳酸钙含量与纬度几乎呈线性关系,由北向南递减,冰期时趋势不变而梯度加大。南海南部陆坡由于集水盆地处于热带湿热条件而且有大河注入海区,使碳酸钙含量相对北部陆坡为低。  相似文献   

第四纪气候变化机制研究的进展与问题   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

熊尚发  丁仲礼  刘东生 《地球科学进展》1998,13(3):265-272

自从20世纪50年代海洋沉积氧同位素记录被揭示以来,经典的陆地4次冰期理论被新的认识所取代,人们发现第四纪以来冰期—间冰期旋回远远不止4次,并且从深海沉积和陆地黄土获取的古气候变化记录与地球轨道参数变化可以对比,为揭示第四纪古气候变化机制构建了明确的框架。近年来有关末次冰期不稳定气候事件的揭示也为深入认识古气候变化特征提供了新的证据。然而冰期—间冰期旋回机制、南北半球在冰期—间冰期循环过程中的耦合机制以及气候不稳定事件发生机制仍然是困扰古气候研究者的重大问题。  相似文献   

Episodic Events: Their Relevance to Ecology and Evolution     

Ferdinando  Boero 《Marine Ecology》1996,17(1-3):237-250

Abstract. An episodic event can be one of the many "episodes" forming a normal flow of related events. But it can also be an "incident" interrupting a trend and initiating a new one. Appreciation of contrasting meanings of apparently identical categories of phenomena is familiar to evolutionary biologists who, for instance, envisage evolution as the result of both gradual and punctuated events. Seasonal plankton blooms (both normal and noxious), species outbreaks, mass mortalities, and human predation are taken as examples of "episodes" that can influence and/or modify what we perceive as "normality". Recruitment is another example of an episodic event heavily conditioning both community structure and function, as recently highlighted by the so-called supply-side ecology. The reductionistic study of ecology. more linked to thermodynamics than to history, allowed the formulation of general ecological laws which, however, stem from the laws of thermodynamics. The totalizing value of such laws blurs appreciation of heterogeneity and change, so that many ecologists tend to be rather conservative, using a concept like "conservation" as an absolute paradigm to follow and to consider "change" as an a priori negative phenomenon. Episodes can have a "conservative" or "innovative" meaning, and are the driving force of the history of life. Their importance is recognized mainly when dealing with the history of organisms (evolutionary biology), whereas the assemblages of organisms ( i.e ., communities) are too often described and interpreted in an ahistorical context or in a too narrow time frame. Recognition of the importance of history in ecology (evolutionary ecology) can lead to a better understanding of environmental dynamics, albeit restricting the supposed predictive strength of ecology, a science timely integrating the reductionistic-thermodynamic approach with the holistic-historical one.  相似文献   

Nitrogen Uptake in Permanently Well-mixed Temperate Coastal Waters     

Stphane L'Helguen  Christian Madec  Pierre Le Corre 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1996,42(6):803-818

Uptake rates of ammonium, nitrate, urea and nitrite were measured for 1 year (1988) at a coastal station in the well-mixed waters of the western English Channel. Ammonium was the major form of nitrogen (N) utilized (48%) by phytoplankton, followed by nitrate (32%), urea (13%) and nitrite (7%). Seasonal changes of uptake of ammonium, nitrate and urea showed a broad, intense summer maximum. Nitrite uptake was low throughout the year except for a peak value in June. Uptake rates of ammonium and nitrate were independent of substrate concentrations, whereas those of urea and nitrite were not. The summer maxima of ammonium, nitrate and total N uptake, and the significant relationships of N-uptake index to ambient light, and of chlorophyll-a-specific N uptake to surface-incident light, indicate that light is the major factor controlling N uptake in these waters. This is due to the permanent vertical mixing which reduces the mean light available for N uptake to <15% of the incident light. Mixing also injects regenerated N continuously into the euphotic zone, thus alleviating nitrogen limitation and accounting for the larger proportion of regenerated N uptake in total N uptake.  相似文献   

Patterns of variability characterizing marine phytoplankton, with examples from Narragansett Bay   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Smayda  Theodore J. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(4):562-573

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Diel variation in the vertical distribution and schooling behaviour of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) off Portugal     

Zwolinski  Juan; Morais  Alexandre; Marques  Vitor; Stratoudakis  Yorgos; Fernandes  Paul G. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2007,64(5):963-972

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