青藏高原东北缘黄土的气候演化与高原隆升的耦合   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

谢远云  李长安张序强周 嘉 《中国地质》2003,30(4):436-441

通过对青藏高原东北缘的民和黄土的磁化率、粒度、CaCO3和TOC等气候载体进行综合测试分析，可以将青藏高原东北缘黄土1．90～0．70MaB．P．段划分出7个气候阶段。对民和黄土的气候分析表明，1．10MaB．P．(民和黄土的L11黄土层)前气候差异较小，冬夏季风不强，对抗性较弱，黄土古土壤发育不明显，厚度较薄；10MaB．P．后，冬夏季风对抗性迅速增强，气候差异性增强。将民和黄土与其他地区以及深海沉积物氧同位素记录进行对比可以发现，民和黄土的S8、S9和S10古土壤分别与深海氧同位素21、23和25阶段较好地对应，而L9、L10和L11则分别对应22、24和26阶段。L11黄土层以下的黄土记录与深海氧同位素记录的可比性不是很明显。同时，民和黄土的高分辨率气候记录与青藏高原的阶段性隆升有较好的耦合关系。  相似文献   

Lecithotrophic nauplius of the family Dirivultidae (Copepoda; Siphonostomatoida) hatched on board over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (5°S)     

Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko  Pedro Martínez Arbizu  & Jens Stecher 《Marine Ecology》2007,28(1):49-53

Abstract A copepod nauplius of the family Dirivultidae Humes & Dojiri 1980 is described for the first time. The lecithotrophic nauplius of the widespread symbiotic copepod Stygiopontius pectinatus Humes 1987 was released from females bearing paired egg sacs that included only one yolky embryo each. The ovigerous females of S. pectinatus were washed from the branchial chamber of alvinocaridid shrimps ( Rimicaris exoculata Williams & Rona 1986 ) collected at a deep-sea hydrothermal field on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 5° S (Red Lion site, chimney 'Shrimps Farm', depth 3,048 m) by ROV Quest 4000 and maintained in a laboratory on the R/V METEOR (cruise M64/1, 2005). The nauplius of S. pectinatus , appears to be a stage I nauplius because it bears only one pair of caudal setae and the setose bud of maxilla 1 is absent. Like nauplii of other copepods of the order Siphonostomatoida, this nauplius of S. pectinatus possesses a reduced labrum and the body is filled with yolky granules; it also lacks a masticatory process on the antennal coxa. The presence of two inner setae (instead of one seta) on the mandibular endopod is hypothesized to be a primitive character of dirivultids that distinguishes them from the remaining siphonostomatoid genera. The Dirivultidae is a widespread and diverse family of copepods endemic to the deep-sea hydrothermal vents of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Morphological features of the planktonic nauplius of S. pectinatus suggest nutritional independence during their dispersal.  相似文献   

Effects of Direct Ocean CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Injection on Deep-Sea Meiofauna     

James P. Barry  Kurt R. Buck  Chris F. Lovera  Linda Kuhnz  Patrick J. Whaling  Edward T. Peltzer  Peter Walz  Peter G. Brewer 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(4):759-766

Purposeful deep-sea carbon dioxide sequestration by direct injection of liquid CO₂ into the deep waters of the ocean has the potential to mitigate the rapid rise in atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases. One issue of concern for this carbon sequestration option is the impact of changes in seawater chemistry caused by CO₂ injection on deep-sea ecosystems. The effects of deep-sea carbon dioxide injection on infaunal deep-sea organisms were evaluated during a field experiment in 3600 m depth off California, in which liquid CO₂ was released on the seafloor. Exposure to the dissolution plume emanating from the liquid CO₂ resulted in high rates of mortality for flagellates, amoebae, and nematodes inhabiting sediments in close proximity to sites of CO₂ release. Results from this study indicate that large changes in seawater chemistry (i.e. pH reductions of ∼0.5–1.0 pH units) near CO₂ release sites will cause high mortality rates for nearby infaunal deep-sea communities. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Path Following Control of A Deep-Sea Manned Submersible Based upon NTSM   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

马岭  崔维成 《中国海洋工程》2005,19(4):625-636

In this paper, a robust path following control law is proposed for a deep-sea manned submersible maneuvering along a predeterminated path. Developed in China, the submersible is underactuated in the horizontal plane in that it is actuated by two perpendicular thrusts in this plane. The advanced non-singular terminal sliding mode （NTSM） is implemented for the design of the path following controller, which can ensure the convergence of the motion system in finite time and improve its robustness against parametric uncertainties and environmental disturbances. In the process of controller design, the close-loop stability is considered and proved by Lyapunov＇ s stability theory. With the experimental data, numerical simulations are provided to verify the control law for path following of the deep-sea manned submersible.  相似文献   

深海采矿环境影响研究：进展、问题与展望     

王春生  周怀阳  倪建宇 《海洋学研究》2003,21(1):55-64

系统介绍了深海采矿环境影响研究的历史、现状及所取得的主要成果;分析了现有深海采矿环境研究存在的问题;提出了今后深海采矿环境影响研究的对策和主要发展方向。  相似文献   

Automated drainage extraction in mapping the Monterey submarine drainage system,California margin     

Lincoln F. Pratson  William B. F. Ryan 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1996,18(6):757-777

Drainage-extraction algorithms traditionally used for extracting river networks and watersheds from gridded land topography are applied to gridded multibeam bathymetry of the mid-California margin. The algorithms are used to automatically map two regional tributary networks of submarine canyons and deepsea channels draining Monterey Bay, the principal conduits of which are Acension and Monterey Canyons. The algorithms reliably map subaqueous drainage areas, but are prone to error in mapping the extent of submarine canyon and channel thalwegs due to operator subjectivity and algorithm limitations. A geomorphic comparison of the Acension and Monterey Canyon networks, with 12 river networks in the continental U.S., illustrates both the potential and weaknesses of using drainage extraction algorithms to analyze sediment pathways in gridded bathymetry.  相似文献   

Do visual transects provide true population density estimates for deepwater fish?     

Trenkel  V.M.; Lorance  P.; Mahevas  S. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2004,61(7):1050-1056

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Accumulator-Based Deep-Sea Microbe Gastight Sampling Technique   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄中华  刘少军金波 《中国海洋工程》2006,20(2):335-342

1.IntroductionPlenty of microbes exist in deep sea(Jiang,2000).They can survive and propagate under theconditions of extraordinary cold or heat and high pressure(Liu,2001).Studies on deep-sea microbesshowthat they have the function of decomposing petroleu…  相似文献   

深海沉积物贯入阻力影响因素及其变化规律     

魏定邦  杨强  夏建新 《现代地质》2021,35(6):1871-1879

深海沉积物土工力学特性是深海资源开发设备设计的重要依据。根据现有的深海土工力学原位测量和取样实验的数据,分析沉积物物性参数与贯入阻力的相关关系,建立含水率、湿密度和孔隙比与压力沉陷的关系式。结果表明:研究区深海沉积物以砂质粉砂、黏土质粉砂为主,具有高含水率、大孔隙比、低密度等特征;物理参数与贯入阻力之间有较好的相关关系,其中,含水率、孔隙比、孔隙度与贯入阻力呈反比相关关系;而湿密度与贯入阻力呈正比相关关系;以含水率、湿密度和孔隙比为自变量的多变量回归分析方程能更好地表达沉积物物理特性与贯入阻力的相关关系;基于Bekker沉陷模型,建立接地比压与贯入阻力的关系,能客观反映深海沉积物的沉陷特性与承载特性。  相似文献   

深海硬岩连续取心钻头的研制          下载免费PDF全文

王艳丽  尹献涛  殷国乐  陈浩文  王林清  封优生  许刘万 《探矿工程》2021,48(7):26-32

气举反循环技术是一种可用于深井硬岩地层的高效钻进技术,不受地层裂隙、溶洞影响,排渣彻底。通过研究专用的连续取心钻头,可实现深海硬岩的连续取心作业,提高深海硬岩钻井效率及取心率,为深海钻探提供一种全新的取心方案。本文从牙掌选型、卡断器结构、岩渣及岩心通道优化设计等方面进行研究,提出了连续取心钻头的设计方案,并试制加工钻头。在地热井中进行了验证性应用,灰岩地层、砂岩地层取心率可达80%以上,高于大洋钻探统计取心率。陆地验证性应用为该技术方法在海洋取心钻探中的应用奠定了技术基础。  相似文献