通辽地区污灌区土壤中重金属迁移规律   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙立波  张兰英  张玉玲  王显胜 《世界地质》2007,26(1):71-74

通辽地区污灌区土壤土层剖面不同深度重金属铬、铜、镉、铅元素测试和分析结果表明，重金属在垂直方向上的浓度随着土层加深，含量减少，土壤对重金属具有吸附和过滤作用，污灌区地下水目前没有受到污染。  相似文献   

国外地下水热运移软件开发现状与趋势   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

尹立河  李清 《西北地质》2007,40(4):101-104

分析了目前国外流行的地下水热运移模拟,对每个软件的主要功能作了简要的介绍,概述了地下水热运移软件的发展现状,指出与GIS结合,强化软件的前后处理功能是未来地下水热运移模拟软件发展的主要趋势。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地西缘车排子地区油气成藏的主控因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

洪太元  王离迟  孟闲龙  吴疆 《新疆地质》2007,25(4):389-393

钻探结果表明,准西车排子地区油藏具有"上稀下稠、南稀北稠"的油藏分布特征,成藏条件复杂,该区油藏是典型的它源型油气藏,油气来源于东部的昌吉凹陷及南部的四棵树凹陷.通过对已钻探井的系统分析发现,以P2、P8井为代表的新近系沙湾组稀油油藏均分布于滨浅湖相的滩坝砂岩中,油藏明显受沉积相的控制,此外,该区成藏还受输导体系以及油气优势运移路径的控制,这3方面的因素构成了该区油气成藏的主控因素.通过对车排子地区油气成藏主控因素的研究,以期对该区的油气勘探有所裨益,提高勘探的经济效益.  相似文献   

微细浸染型金矿床成矿机制新探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑大中  郑若锋  王惠萍 《化工矿产地质》2007,29(4):202-208

通过对微细浸染型金矿床矿物流体包裹体的化学组成、金矿物的化学成分、主要共、伴生矿物组合的研讨,结合该类型矿床的成矿环境及金氢化物、金合金氢化物、金羰基化合物的物理化学性质,认为金氢化物、金合金氢化物、金羰基化合物是微细浸染型金矿床金的主要迁移形式。它们从地球深部富氢、富CO强还原环境,随岩浆、热液、热气迁移至地壳浅部,由于压力、温度、pH值下降、Eh值上升,氢、CO逃逸,氧化、分解形成微粒金矿物,沉淀富集形成金矿床。此后,如再发生地质构造、地壳演化运动,微粒金矿物可重新活化,进行接力式迁移、叠加富集。  相似文献   

Pyroxenites from the Southwest Indian Ridge, 9-16{degrees}E: Cumulates from Incremental Melt Fractions Produced at the Top of a Cold Melting Regime     

Dantas  C.; Ceuleneer  G.; Gregoire  M.; Python  M.; Freydier  R.; Warren  J.; Dick  H. J. B. 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(4):647-660

The Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) at 9–16°E and 52–53°Sis characterized by ultra-slow, oblique spreading and containsone of the few documented occurrences of pyroxenite veins associatedwith abyssal peridotites. The origin of these uncommon lithologiesis still debated. We present a detailed study (including electronmicroprobe and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma massspectrometry) of spinel websterites collected during Cruise162, Leg 9, of the R.V. Knorr. Rare earth element patterns inclinopyroxenes (Cpx) lead us to discard a possible origin ofthe pyroxenites as residues from partial melting of garnet pyroxenites(i.e. relics of a layered mantle protolith). Their compositionand cumulate texture (when not obscured by mylonitization relatedto emplacement on the seafloor) are better interpreted in termsof fractional crystallization from a basaltic melt at relativelyhigh pressure. Evidence for a high pressure of crystallizationincludes the lack of plagioclase in the cumulate assemblageand the high Al₂O₃ contents of the pyroxenes: up to 5 wt % inorthopyroxene (Opx) and up to 7 wt % in Cpx. These values areamong the highest reported for pyroxenes in a mid-ocean ridgesetting. Sub-solidus breakdown of spinel to plagioclase (nowaltered) is observed in one sample, providing a rough estimateof the final equilibration pressure of these cumulates, around0· 6–0· 7 GPa (plagioclase–spineltransition for a bulk pyroxenite composition). The inferredpyroxenite parent melts were close to equilibrium with the associatedresidual peridotites; some samples have a slightly evolved compositionin terms of the Mg-number [Mg/(Mg + total Fe)]. These parentalmelts had major and trace element compositions consistent witha mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) affinity, although they werenot rigorously identical to MORB. Among other characteristics,these melts were relatively depleted in highly incompatibleelements. We propose that they correspond to the latest, shallowest,incremental melt fractions produced during fractional decompressionmelting of a normal MORB (N-MORB) mantle source. These meltsexperienced fractional crystallization as soon as they segregatedfrom the peridotite matrix, moved upward, and crossed the lithosphere–asthenosphereboundary (defined here as the base of the conductive lid). Asa consequence, these shallow melt fractions produced beneathmid-ocean ridges did not fully mix with melt fractions producedand extracted at greater depths. Our study provides concreteevidence for the actuality of pyroxene crystallization in meltchannels beneath mid-ocean ridges at relatively high pressures,a process frequently invoked to account for the ‘pyroxeneparadox’ in MORB petrogenesis. KEY WORDS: abyssal pyroxenites; cumulates; lithospheric mantle; melt migration; Southwest Indian Ridge  相似文献   

塔里木盆地阿克库勒凸起油气输导体系类型与演化   总被引：11，自引：8，他引：11  

李坤  赵锡奎  张小兵  叶斌 《地质科学》2007,42(4):766-778

阿克库勒凸起受多期构造叠加影响,具有长期生烃、多期供烃的烃源特征,油气输导体系复杂。在分析输导路径、输导能力及作用的基础上,将输导系统分成断裂型、不整合型、输导层型及复合型4类。利用地震和钻井资料恢复古构造格局,分析输导体系的演化及配置关系,认识油气运移的动态过程,指出区域性深大断裂是油气垂向运移的主要通道,而输导层和不整合面(中-下奥陶统顶面、奥陶系顶面和志留系顶面)的叠置是油气侧向运移的关键因素,并且油气成藏关键时刻输导体顶面的几何形态,尤其是古构造脊线的展布特征,决定了油气优势运移的方向和路径。由断层—不整合面—岩溶网络组成的"层—面—网"复式输导系统相互匹配,沿构造脊线呈立体网状阶梯式运移是研究区油气输导体系最鲜明的特点。  相似文献   

The potential influence of subduction zone polarity on overriding plate deformation, trench migration and slab dip angle   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W.P. Schellart   《Tectonophysics》2007,445(3-4):363-372

A geodynamic model exists, the westward lithospheric drift model, in which the variety of overriding plate deformation, trench migration and slab dip angles is explained by the polarity of subduction zones. The model predicts overriding plate extension, a fixed trench and a steep slab dip for westward-dipping subduction zones (e.g. Mariana) and predicts overriding plate shortening, oceanward trench retreat and a gentle slab dip for east to northeastward-dipping subduction zones (e.g. Chile). This paper investigates these predictions quantitatively with a global subduction zone analysis. The results show overriding plate extension for all dip directions (azimuth α = − 180° to 180°) and overriding plate shortening for dip directions with α = − 90° to 110°. The wide scatter in data negate any obvious trend and only local mean values in overriding plate deformation rate indicate that overriding plate extension is somewhat more prevalent for west-dipping slabs. West-dipping subduction zones are never fixed, irrespective of the choice of reference frame, while east to northeast-dipping subduction zones are both retreating and advancing in five out of seven global reference frames. In addition, westward-dipping subduction zones have a range in trench-migration velocities that is twice the magnitude of that for east to northeastward-dipping slabs. Finally, there is no recognizable correlation between slab dip direction and slab dip angle. East to northeast-dipping slabs (α = 30° to 120°) have shallow (0–125 km) slab dip angles in the range 10–60° and deep (125–670 km) slab dip angles in the range 40–82°, while west-dipping slabs (α = − 60° to − 120°) have shallow slab dip angles in the range 19–50° and deep slab dip angles in the range 25–86°. Local mean deep slab dip angles are nearly identical for east and west-dipping slabs, while local mean shallow slab dip angles are lower by only 4.7–8.1° for east to northeast-dipping slabs. It is thus concluded that overall, there is no observational basis to support the three predictions made by the westward drift model, and for some sub-predictions the observational basis is very weak at most. Alternative models, which incorporate and underline the importance of slab buoyancy-driven trench migration, slab width and overriding plate motion, are better candidates to explain the complexity of subduction zones, including the variety in trench-migration velocities, overriding plate deformation and slab dip angles.  相似文献   

Fluids migration and dynamics of a blocks-and-faults system     

A.M. Gabrielov  V.I. Keilis-Borok  V. Pinsky  O.M. Podvigina  A. Shapira  V.A. Zheligovsky   《Tectonophysics》2007,429(3-4):229-251

We explore the impact of fluids migrating through a fault network on the dynamics of lithosphere, both on slow movements and seismicity. For that purpose fluids in the fault zones are incorporated into modelling of blocks-and-faults systems, which takes into account driving forces and the system's geometry. Simulations have been performed for two-dimensional models: an idealised “brick wall” structure, and a coarse image of Sinai Subplate. Migrating fluids originating in different locations are considered, as well as fluids trapped in closed pockets. Basic features of the modelled and observed seismicity are in good accord, as shown by comparison with the earthquake catalog compiled by Geophysical Institute of Israel.  相似文献   

The distribution of dimethylcarbazoles in oils from the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea     

ZHANG Chunming ZHAO Hongjing GAO Kunshun YANG Shaokun 《中国地球化学学报》2007,26(3):301-304

C2-carbazole isomers have been investigated in crude oils from the Hui-Liu Structure Ridge (HLSR) in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB), South China Sea. The NH shielded isomer, as well as the NH partially shielded isomers, was detected in high abundance and the NH exposed isomers in lower abundance. A small-enrichment trend of 1,8-dimethylcarbazole (DMC) was observed in crude oils along the western part of HLSR (WPHLSR), which may indicate little effect of migration on the C2-carbazole distributions. Two strikingly different distribution patterns of NH partially shielded isomers were observed in the reservoirs along the WPHLSR: one with a preference of 1,3- and 1,6-DMCs and the other with a preference of 1,4- and 1,5-DMCs. All of the oils occurring in the Upper reservoirs have a preference of 1,3- and 1,6-DMCs, whereas those trapped in the Lower reservoirs show a preference of 1,4- and 1,5-DMCs, which may indicate there are two petroleum migration systems in the WPHLSR.  相似文献   

华东地区中等地震活动条带整体性迁移特征的研究     

顾方琦  沈小七  张春芝 《地震地磁观测与研究》2007,28(2):32-35

在较详细分析华东地区1970年以来中等地震活动规律的基础上,对华东地区中等地震活动条带及迁移规律进行了研究,发现该地区的中等地震活动具有由西向东的整体性迁移特征,其迁移速率约25 km/a,可能起源于地幔应力波.对华东地区而言,目前东部的北西向条带北部,是未来最有可能出现"关门"地震的区域.该项研究为地震趋势的判断提供了一种参考.  相似文献